D514 Exam Study Material with Complete
Solutions
Linear Regression
In conversations with her patients, a physical therapist notices that patients who are
on Workman's Compensation and have supportive supervisors, eager for them to
return to work, have more positive outcomes in rehabilitation than those patients
whose supervisors have a negative attitude toward their employee's injury: insisting
they not return to work until they are at 100% because if anything less they are
"useless to the job".
What type of test could the therapist use to see if these two factors have a
measurable relationship?
Regression Analysis
Data analysts at a large metropolitan hospital need to determine risk factors
associated with readmission within 30 days via the hospital's emergency room
among patients with COPD. The variables of interest include age, gender,
race/ethnicity, insurance status, and family support. Which statistical technique
should be used?
ANOVA
Several community health centers across a rural state are gathering data on their
pre-diabetic patients and using A1c levels as a baseline measurement to include
patients in a research project. Three different interventions will be applied.
One group of patients will receive a special diet to follow; the second group will work
with physical therapists on a regular exercise program; the third group will follow the
diet and engage in the exercise.
,Which statistical test will be appropriate to use to determine which treatment is most
effective in controlling pre-diabetes?
Time-Series
A hospital CFO is analyzing the cost benefits of using the patient reminder system,
which was implemented over a year ago, to see if the automated system results in
less missed appointments ("no-shows").
She is comparing quarterly reports from this past year on volume of patients who did
not show up to their appointments, to the volume of patients of the previous year,
who did not show up to their appointments, to see if the automated system has
proven effective. She is considering other variables as she reviews the data, but is
primarily analyzing the number of "no-show" patients from last year's quarterly
reports to this year's.
Cross-Sectional
There are two standard treatments for children with ADHD who display a specific set
of characteristics. One treatment is a cognitive behavioral intervention, and the other
is a dietary and biomedical intervention. Both treatments have equally strong clinical
evidence supporting their efficacy. A researcher proposes a comparison of the two
interventions to determine which is preferable. The children will be randomized to
one of two groups: half of the children will receive the cognitive behavioral
intervention and the other half of the children will receive the dietary and biomedical
intervention. Which test is appropriate to determining the preferable treatment?
The mean (average) length of stay and
The mean number of providers seeing each patient each day
The vice president, CMO, and Operations Team collected data on resources used by
patients who have undergone coronary bypass and the length of stays for a defined
population of patients who received CABG surgery. Since the raw data is complex to discuss
, and evaluate, the team will use descriptive statistics to analyze the data to
support their decisions for recommendations.
Which of the following descriptive statistics could prove the most useful?
National Healthcare Survey
Operates through CDC; the National Health Care Surveys are designed to answer
key questions of interest to health care policy makers, public health professionals,
and researchers
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Operates through the CDC: data on birth, death, marriages, divorces, and fetal
deaths.
Public Health Databases
Incidence and prevalence of diseases, survival statistics, high-risk populations,
trends over time. Data gathered from medical records, surveys, interviews. NCHS
has responsibility for these databases
National
Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB)
This database is queried as part of the physician credentialing process when
applying for medical staff privileges and every two years afterward. It contains data
on medical malpractice, adverse licensure actions, suspensions, certain professional
review actions, such as denial of medical staff privileges
Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MEDPAR)
Acute care and skilled nursing facility claims data. Demographics on patient,
information on provider, on Medicare coverage for the claim, total charges, charges
broken down, codes and diagnostic related group (DRG) data. Only contains data on
Medicare patients
Solutions
Linear Regression
In conversations with her patients, a physical therapist notices that patients who are
on Workman's Compensation and have supportive supervisors, eager for them to
return to work, have more positive outcomes in rehabilitation than those patients
whose supervisors have a negative attitude toward their employee's injury: insisting
they not return to work until they are at 100% because if anything less they are
"useless to the job".
What type of test could the therapist use to see if these two factors have a
measurable relationship?
Regression Analysis
Data analysts at a large metropolitan hospital need to determine risk factors
associated with readmission within 30 days via the hospital's emergency room
among patients with COPD. The variables of interest include age, gender,
race/ethnicity, insurance status, and family support. Which statistical technique
should be used?
ANOVA
Several community health centers across a rural state are gathering data on their
pre-diabetic patients and using A1c levels as a baseline measurement to include
patients in a research project. Three different interventions will be applied.
One group of patients will receive a special diet to follow; the second group will work
with physical therapists on a regular exercise program; the third group will follow the
diet and engage in the exercise.
,Which statistical test will be appropriate to use to determine which treatment is most
effective in controlling pre-diabetes?
Time-Series
A hospital CFO is analyzing the cost benefits of using the patient reminder system,
which was implemented over a year ago, to see if the automated system results in
less missed appointments ("no-shows").
She is comparing quarterly reports from this past year on volume of patients who did
not show up to their appointments, to the volume of patients of the previous year,
who did not show up to their appointments, to see if the automated system has
proven effective. She is considering other variables as she reviews the data, but is
primarily analyzing the number of "no-show" patients from last year's quarterly
reports to this year's.
Cross-Sectional
There are two standard treatments for children with ADHD who display a specific set
of characteristics. One treatment is a cognitive behavioral intervention, and the other
is a dietary and biomedical intervention. Both treatments have equally strong clinical
evidence supporting their efficacy. A researcher proposes a comparison of the two
interventions to determine which is preferable. The children will be randomized to
one of two groups: half of the children will receive the cognitive behavioral
intervention and the other half of the children will receive the dietary and biomedical
intervention. Which test is appropriate to determining the preferable treatment?
The mean (average) length of stay and
The mean number of providers seeing each patient each day
The vice president, CMO, and Operations Team collected data on resources used by
patients who have undergone coronary bypass and the length of stays for a defined
population of patients who received CABG surgery. Since the raw data is complex to discuss
, and evaluate, the team will use descriptive statistics to analyze the data to
support their decisions for recommendations.
Which of the following descriptive statistics could prove the most useful?
National Healthcare Survey
Operates through CDC; the National Health Care Surveys are designed to answer
key questions of interest to health care policy makers, public health professionals,
and researchers
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Operates through the CDC: data on birth, death, marriages, divorces, and fetal
deaths.
Public Health Databases
Incidence and prevalence of diseases, survival statistics, high-risk populations,
trends over time. Data gathered from medical records, surveys, interviews. NCHS
has responsibility for these databases
National
Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB)
This database is queried as part of the physician credentialing process when
applying for medical staff privileges and every two years afterward. It contains data
on medical malpractice, adverse licensure actions, suspensions, certain professional
review actions, such as denial of medical staff privileges
Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MEDPAR)
Acute care and skilled nursing facility claims data. Demographics on patient,
information on provider, on Medicare coverage for the claim, total charges, charges
broken down, codes and diagnostic related group (DRG) data. Only contains data on
Medicare patients
