Advanced Statistics Exam Question
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Write the formula for a standard deviation. - Answer-sqrt [(sum Xi - xbar)^2/(n-1)]
In the process of computing a standard deviation, Zelda lost one degree of freedom.
What did Zelda do that caused her to lose one degree of freedom? - Answer-
Bruno computed a standard deviation, but he accidentally used "n" rather than the
degrees of freedom in his formula. This means that the value he obtains will be
____________________ . - Answer-Bias
What is the definition of a mean? - Answer-If you pick someone at random and you
want to bet the mean is the score you expect to get.
What is the definition of the standard deviation? - Answer-The standard deviation is
used to measure things. It's how far the average person strays from the mean.
The probability of committing a type I error if the null hypothesis is true. - Answer-
Alpha
The probability of committing a type I error if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Zero
A word that means: "if the null hypothesis is true, then the results from the sample
are extremely unusual." - Answer-Significant
The probability of making a correct decision if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Power
The probability of committing a type II error if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Beta
A person's average score on a test if he or she were assessed an infinite number of
times. - Answer-True score
The assumption that the population parameter for a statistic is equal to zero. -
Answer-Null hypothesis
A distribution of sampling error that is almost normal in shape. - Answer-t
Two distributions of sampling error that are skewed in shape. - Answer-f and chi-
squared
An effect size that is typically used when one variable is dichotomous. - Answer-d
An effect size that is typically used with two numerically scaled variables. - Answer-r
, Standard deviation pertains to: - Answer-observations of different cases
Standard error of measure pertains to: - Answer-observations of a single case
Standard error of the mean difference pertains to: - Answer-observations of different
samples
Standard error of estimate pertains to: - Answer-observations of different cases
Standard error of the correlation pertains to: - Answer-observations of different
samples
Standard error of the mean pertains to: - Answer-observations of different samples
Standard deviation reflects: - Answer-deviations around a sample mean
Standard error of measure reflects: - Answer-deviations around a true score
Standard error of the mean difference reflects: - Answer-deviations around a
population parameter
Standard error of estimate reflects: - Answer-deviations around a predicted value
Standard error of the correlation reflects: - Answer-deviations around a population
parameter
Standard error of the mean reflects: - Answer-deviations around a population
parameter
This is estimated by a correlation between two alternate forms. - Answer-(sd-
true)^2/sd^2
This statistic describes a distribution that becomes almost perfectly normal in shape
as the sample size increases beyond 30. - Answer-sd-xbar
This is equal to true variance. - Answer-sd^2-sd(measure)^2
This is estimated by a test retest correlation. - Answer-(sd-true)^2/sd^2
This will become smaller as the sample size increases. - Answer-sd-xbar
This is the standard error of measure. - Answer-sd x sqrt(1-reliability)
This value will become smaller as the effect size increases. - Answer-sd-est
This is estimated by Cronbach's alpha. - Answer-(sd-true)^2/sd^2
Assume that the variance of X is 18 and the variance of Y is 18:
If the correlation between X and Y is 1, what is the covariance? - Answer-18
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Write the formula for a standard deviation. - Answer-sqrt [(sum Xi - xbar)^2/(n-1)]
In the process of computing a standard deviation, Zelda lost one degree of freedom.
What did Zelda do that caused her to lose one degree of freedom? - Answer-
Bruno computed a standard deviation, but he accidentally used "n" rather than the
degrees of freedom in his formula. This means that the value he obtains will be
____________________ . - Answer-Bias
What is the definition of a mean? - Answer-If you pick someone at random and you
want to bet the mean is the score you expect to get.
What is the definition of the standard deviation? - Answer-The standard deviation is
used to measure things. It's how far the average person strays from the mean.
The probability of committing a type I error if the null hypothesis is true. - Answer-
Alpha
The probability of committing a type I error if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Zero
A word that means: "if the null hypothesis is true, then the results from the sample
are extremely unusual." - Answer-Significant
The probability of making a correct decision if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Power
The probability of committing a type II error if the null hypothesis is false. - Answer-
Beta
A person's average score on a test if he or she were assessed an infinite number of
times. - Answer-True score
The assumption that the population parameter for a statistic is equal to zero. -
Answer-Null hypothesis
A distribution of sampling error that is almost normal in shape. - Answer-t
Two distributions of sampling error that are skewed in shape. - Answer-f and chi-
squared
An effect size that is typically used when one variable is dichotomous. - Answer-d
An effect size that is typically used with two numerically scaled variables. - Answer-r
, Standard deviation pertains to: - Answer-observations of different cases
Standard error of measure pertains to: - Answer-observations of a single case
Standard error of the mean difference pertains to: - Answer-observations of different
samples
Standard error of estimate pertains to: - Answer-observations of different cases
Standard error of the correlation pertains to: - Answer-observations of different
samples
Standard error of the mean pertains to: - Answer-observations of different samples
Standard deviation reflects: - Answer-deviations around a sample mean
Standard error of measure reflects: - Answer-deviations around a true score
Standard error of the mean difference reflects: - Answer-deviations around a
population parameter
Standard error of estimate reflects: - Answer-deviations around a predicted value
Standard error of the correlation reflects: - Answer-deviations around a population
parameter
Standard error of the mean reflects: - Answer-deviations around a population
parameter
This is estimated by a correlation between two alternate forms. - Answer-(sd-
true)^2/sd^2
This statistic describes a distribution that becomes almost perfectly normal in shape
as the sample size increases beyond 30. - Answer-sd-xbar
This is equal to true variance. - Answer-sd^2-sd(measure)^2
This is estimated by a test retest correlation. - Answer-(sd-true)^2/sd^2
This will become smaller as the sample size increases. - Answer-sd-xbar
This is the standard error of measure. - Answer-sd x sqrt(1-reliability)
This value will become smaller as the effect size increases. - Answer-sd-est
This is estimated by Cronbach's alpha. - Answer-(sd-true)^2/sd^2
Assume that the variance of X is 18 and the variance of Y is 18:
If the correlation between X and Y is 1, what is the covariance? - Answer-18
