PECT SPECIAL EDUCATION PRACTICE SOLUTION MANUAL SOLVED 100%
Dyscalculia - Answers Difficultly doing math calculations, it can also affect using money and telling time
Dysgraphia - Answers Difficulties specifically with writing, including omitting words in writing sentences
or leaving sentences unfinished, difficulty putting one's thoughts into writing, and poor handwriting
Central Auditory Processing Disorder - Answers Difficultly perceiving small differences in words despite
normal hearing acuity
- Ex: couch and chair may be perceived as cow and hair
Background noise and information overloads exacerbate the effects
Visual Processing Disorder - Answers Affects the visual perception despite normal visual acuity, difficultly
finding information in printed text or from maps, charts, pictures, graphs and so on
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) - Answers excessive worrying about anything or everything and free
floating anxiety
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Answers Obsessive and preoccupied thoughts and compulsive or
irresistible actions, including bizarre rituals
EX: Germ phobia, constant hand-washing
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - Answers Follows a traumatic experience
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder - Answers Children's mood swings often occur much faster, and children show
more symptoms of anger and irritability that adults
Symptoms: Frequent mood swings, extreme irritability, tantrums or rages, separation anxiety,
oppositional behavior
Conduct Disorder - Answers Factors that contribute to this disorder
- Genetic predispositions, neurological damage, child abuse, and other traumatic experiences
Includes aggression, property destruction
Aggression, Disobedience, irritability
Psychotic Disorder - Answers Most common symptoms are delusions, that is they believe things that are
not true, hallucinations, that is seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting or smelling things
Childhood Onset Schizophrenia - Answers True auditory hallucinations and young children hearing
voices
,In the latter case, a child hears his or her own or a familiar adults voice in his or hear head and does not
seem upset by it.
- A child may hear other voices seemingly in his or her ears and is frightened and confused by them
- Tantrums, defiance, aggression and other acting out
Impact of blindness - Answers Cognitive Development
- Have more difficultly determining and confirming characteristics of things, hence defining concepts and
organizing them into more abstract levels; problem solving is active but harder they construct different
realities than sighted children
Emotional and Social Development:
- may withdraw, seeking and responding less to social interaction
Language Development:
- disadvantage of inability to observe others viusally. They require systematic instruction
Signs of Hearing impairments - Answers Does not startle at loud noise, potential sign of hearing loss
- MOST prevalent with newborns
- Between 3 and 4 months babies should turn toward the source of the sound
Factors than can Contribute to Speech and Language Impairment - Answers Brain injuries, neurological
disorders, viral disease, and some medications can also cause problems with developing language and
speech
- Children with intellectual disabilities are more likely to have delayed language development, and their
speech is also more likely to develop more slowly and to be distorted.
Other Health Impairments - Answers Health and physical conditions that rob a child of strength, vitality
or alertness or that cause excessive alertness to environmental stimuli, all having the end result of
impeding the child's ability to attend or respond to the educational environment
- Some examples: Cerebral palsy, spina bifida, amputations or missing limbs, muscular dystrophy, cystic
fibrosis, asthma, rheumatic fever
Professional Collaboration - Answers Collaborate with caregivers and teachers working with children
younger than their own students and with teachers working with students in higher grades than theirs.
Caregivers and teachers share information about individual children as they progress through grade
levels, about groups and classes, and about general developmental levels and transitions
Resources available for professional development and learning - Answers Professional literature - Books
and publications are examples of literature that can help a classroom teacher
, Colleagues - A fellow member of a profession, staff, or academic faculty; an associate
Professional Associations - an association of practitioners of a given profession, for example NEA
Professional development Activities - sometimes put on by a local or sate school board to teach
educators the newest trend in education
Code of ethics - Answers Specialized and specific rules of ethics.
Advocating for learners - Answers Teachers myst necessarily be advocates for education
Example: efforts to change policies, programs and perceptions to benefit learners
- The stakes are simply too high for educators not to engage in advocacy efforts
Parental Education - Answers Parental education attainment is perhaps the most central feature of
family circumstances relevant to overall child well-being and development
- Parents who have completed fewer years of schooling may be less able to help their children with
schoolwork because of their limited exposure to knowledge taught in the classroom
- Parents with limited education tend to command lower wages in the labor market and are, therefore,
constrained in educational, health, and other resources that they can afford to purchase for their
children.
Cultural Influences - Answers A student's culture has a direct impact on learning
Social Environment - Answers Set of people and institutions with which one associates and
communicates. It has both a direct and indirect influence on behavior by the individuals in the group
Socialization - Answers Socialization is the process of learning the written and unwritten rules,
acceptable behavioral patterns, and accumulated knowledge of the community in order to function
within its culture
Reverse Socialization - Answers deviation from acceptable behavior patterns
Developmental Socialization - Answers The process of learning social skills
Primary Socialization - Answers Learning the attitudes, values and actions of a culture
Secondary Socialization - Answers Learning behavior required in a smaller group within the culture
Anticipatory Socialization - Answers Practicing behavior in preparation for joining a group
Resocialization - Answers discarding old behavior and learning new behavior as part of a life transition
EX: Starting school, moving to a new neighborhood
Dyscalculia - Answers Difficultly doing math calculations, it can also affect using money and telling time
Dysgraphia - Answers Difficulties specifically with writing, including omitting words in writing sentences
or leaving sentences unfinished, difficulty putting one's thoughts into writing, and poor handwriting
Central Auditory Processing Disorder - Answers Difficultly perceiving small differences in words despite
normal hearing acuity
- Ex: couch and chair may be perceived as cow and hair
Background noise and information overloads exacerbate the effects
Visual Processing Disorder - Answers Affects the visual perception despite normal visual acuity, difficultly
finding information in printed text or from maps, charts, pictures, graphs and so on
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) - Answers excessive worrying about anything or everything and free
floating anxiety
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Answers Obsessive and preoccupied thoughts and compulsive or
irresistible actions, including bizarre rituals
EX: Germ phobia, constant hand-washing
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - Answers Follows a traumatic experience
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder - Answers Children's mood swings often occur much faster, and children show
more symptoms of anger and irritability that adults
Symptoms: Frequent mood swings, extreme irritability, tantrums or rages, separation anxiety,
oppositional behavior
Conduct Disorder - Answers Factors that contribute to this disorder
- Genetic predispositions, neurological damage, child abuse, and other traumatic experiences
Includes aggression, property destruction
Aggression, Disobedience, irritability
Psychotic Disorder - Answers Most common symptoms are delusions, that is they believe things that are
not true, hallucinations, that is seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting or smelling things
Childhood Onset Schizophrenia - Answers True auditory hallucinations and young children hearing
voices
,In the latter case, a child hears his or her own or a familiar adults voice in his or hear head and does not
seem upset by it.
- A child may hear other voices seemingly in his or her ears and is frightened and confused by them
- Tantrums, defiance, aggression and other acting out
Impact of blindness - Answers Cognitive Development
- Have more difficultly determining and confirming characteristics of things, hence defining concepts and
organizing them into more abstract levels; problem solving is active but harder they construct different
realities than sighted children
Emotional and Social Development:
- may withdraw, seeking and responding less to social interaction
Language Development:
- disadvantage of inability to observe others viusally. They require systematic instruction
Signs of Hearing impairments - Answers Does not startle at loud noise, potential sign of hearing loss
- MOST prevalent with newborns
- Between 3 and 4 months babies should turn toward the source of the sound
Factors than can Contribute to Speech and Language Impairment - Answers Brain injuries, neurological
disorders, viral disease, and some medications can also cause problems with developing language and
speech
- Children with intellectual disabilities are more likely to have delayed language development, and their
speech is also more likely to develop more slowly and to be distorted.
Other Health Impairments - Answers Health and physical conditions that rob a child of strength, vitality
or alertness or that cause excessive alertness to environmental stimuli, all having the end result of
impeding the child's ability to attend or respond to the educational environment
- Some examples: Cerebral palsy, spina bifida, amputations or missing limbs, muscular dystrophy, cystic
fibrosis, asthma, rheumatic fever
Professional Collaboration - Answers Collaborate with caregivers and teachers working with children
younger than their own students and with teachers working with students in higher grades than theirs.
Caregivers and teachers share information about individual children as they progress through grade
levels, about groups and classes, and about general developmental levels and transitions
Resources available for professional development and learning - Answers Professional literature - Books
and publications are examples of literature that can help a classroom teacher
, Colleagues - A fellow member of a profession, staff, or academic faculty; an associate
Professional Associations - an association of practitioners of a given profession, for example NEA
Professional development Activities - sometimes put on by a local or sate school board to teach
educators the newest trend in education
Code of ethics - Answers Specialized and specific rules of ethics.
Advocating for learners - Answers Teachers myst necessarily be advocates for education
Example: efforts to change policies, programs and perceptions to benefit learners
- The stakes are simply too high for educators not to engage in advocacy efforts
Parental Education - Answers Parental education attainment is perhaps the most central feature of
family circumstances relevant to overall child well-being and development
- Parents who have completed fewer years of schooling may be less able to help their children with
schoolwork because of their limited exposure to knowledge taught in the classroom
- Parents with limited education tend to command lower wages in the labor market and are, therefore,
constrained in educational, health, and other resources that they can afford to purchase for their
children.
Cultural Influences - Answers A student's culture has a direct impact on learning
Social Environment - Answers Set of people and institutions with which one associates and
communicates. It has both a direct and indirect influence on behavior by the individuals in the group
Socialization - Answers Socialization is the process of learning the written and unwritten rules,
acceptable behavioral patterns, and accumulated knowledge of the community in order to function
within its culture
Reverse Socialization - Answers deviation from acceptable behavior patterns
Developmental Socialization - Answers The process of learning social skills
Primary Socialization - Answers Learning the attitudes, values and actions of a culture
Secondary Socialization - Answers Learning behavior required in a smaller group within the culture
Anticipatory Socialization - Answers Practicing behavior in preparation for joining a group
Resocialization - Answers discarding old behavior and learning new behavior as part of a life transition
EX: Starting school, moving to a new neighborhood
