DPT 623 Modalities Test With Complete Solutions
What is the definition of pain? - ANSWER -an unpleasant sensory and emotional
experience with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such
damage.
-Pain is an experience not a signal.
What are nociceptors? - ANSWER -Information about stimuli carrying potential damage
to tissues.
-specialized periphery sensory neurons preferentially sensitive to noxious stimuli.
What are the two types of nociceptors? - ANSWER -A-delta fibers:large diameter,
myelinated, relatively fast conducting.
-C fibers: small diameter, unmyelinated, slow conducting.
-The larger the fiber the faster it is.
Slow pain factors: - ANSWER -Input from C fibers
-Synapses at spinal cord, crosses midline
-Divergent projections to midbrain, brainstem, thalamus
-Signals then to cortex
-Fight or flight
What does Allodynia mean? - ANSWER -pain evoked by normally benign stimulus.
What does Hyperalgesia mean? - ANSWER -increase in perception of pain elicited by
noxious stimulus.
What does Secondary hyperalgesia mean? - ANSWER -spread of pain beyond initial site
of injury.
What is Central sensitization? - ANSWER -Excessive responsiveness of central neurons
to ongoing nociceptive input.
-Increase perception of pain, especially in regions adjacent to the primary site of injury.
-You burn you finger on the stove, a week after its healed you touch something with the
same finger and you feel the pain like you did when you burned it.
What are the Antinociceptive Sites? - ANSWER -Level I: periphery
-Level II: spinal cord (dorsal horn)
, +Gate theory
-Level III: fast-acting descending system
-Level IV: hormonal system
+Excersice
-Level V: cortical level
+Expectations, placebo, therapeutic alliance.
What is gate theory? - ANSWER -Interneurons can modulate pain, closing the gate
+Superficial heat, TENS
+"rub it where it hurts"
-Occurs in dorsal horn of spinal cord (Level 2)
What are some gate theory limitations? - ANSWER -Does not include cognitive or
affective components of pain.
-Could not explain phantom limb pain or pain in patients with SCI.
-Questionable use in cases of chronic pain.
What are the models? - ANSWER -Biomedical model
-Biopsychosocial modeal
-Mature Organism model (MOM)
-Neuromatrix model
Concerning the mature organism model what are the 3 dimensions of pain? - ANSWER
-Sensory
-Cognitive
-Affective
What is the goal for the Mature organism model? - ANSWER -Homeostasis
What are the 4 key concepts of the Neuromatrix? - ANSWER -Input not mandatory
-Role of neural networks
-The self
-Genetic component
What are the 4 modes of Heat Transfer? - ANSWER -Conduction
What is the definition of pain? - ANSWER -an unpleasant sensory and emotional
experience with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such
damage.
-Pain is an experience not a signal.
What are nociceptors? - ANSWER -Information about stimuli carrying potential damage
to tissues.
-specialized periphery sensory neurons preferentially sensitive to noxious stimuli.
What are the two types of nociceptors? - ANSWER -A-delta fibers:large diameter,
myelinated, relatively fast conducting.
-C fibers: small diameter, unmyelinated, slow conducting.
-The larger the fiber the faster it is.
Slow pain factors: - ANSWER -Input from C fibers
-Synapses at spinal cord, crosses midline
-Divergent projections to midbrain, brainstem, thalamus
-Signals then to cortex
-Fight or flight
What does Allodynia mean? - ANSWER -pain evoked by normally benign stimulus.
What does Hyperalgesia mean? - ANSWER -increase in perception of pain elicited by
noxious stimulus.
What does Secondary hyperalgesia mean? - ANSWER -spread of pain beyond initial site
of injury.
What is Central sensitization? - ANSWER -Excessive responsiveness of central neurons
to ongoing nociceptive input.
-Increase perception of pain, especially in regions adjacent to the primary site of injury.
-You burn you finger on the stove, a week after its healed you touch something with the
same finger and you feel the pain like you did when you burned it.
What are the Antinociceptive Sites? - ANSWER -Level I: periphery
-Level II: spinal cord (dorsal horn)
, +Gate theory
-Level III: fast-acting descending system
-Level IV: hormonal system
+Excersice
-Level V: cortical level
+Expectations, placebo, therapeutic alliance.
What is gate theory? - ANSWER -Interneurons can modulate pain, closing the gate
+Superficial heat, TENS
+"rub it where it hurts"
-Occurs in dorsal horn of spinal cord (Level 2)
What are some gate theory limitations? - ANSWER -Does not include cognitive or
affective components of pain.
-Could not explain phantom limb pain or pain in patients with SCI.
-Questionable use in cases of chronic pain.
What are the models? - ANSWER -Biomedical model
-Biopsychosocial modeal
-Mature Organism model (MOM)
-Neuromatrix model
Concerning the mature organism model what are the 3 dimensions of pain? - ANSWER
-Sensory
-Cognitive
-Affective
What is the goal for the Mature organism model? - ANSWER -Homeostasis
What are the 4 key concepts of the Neuromatrix? - ANSWER -Input not mandatory
-Role of neural networks
-The self
-Genetic component
What are the 4 modes of Heat Transfer? - ANSWER -Conduction
