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Samenvatting stelselmatige weefselleer: ademhalingsstelsel

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Het ademhalingsstelsel of respiratoir systeem

Algemeen:
A) Geleidende deel
- Neus
- Paranasale sinussen
- Nasofarynx
- Orofarynx
- Laryngofarynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchiolen
 Transport, opwarmen, bevochtigen en zuiveren van lucht
B) Respiratoir deel
- Respiratoire bronchiolen
- Ducti alveolares
- Sacculi alveolares
- Alveolen
 Uitwisselen O2 en CO2
C) Accessoire componenten
- Pleura of long/borstvlies
- Circulatiesysteem
- Bezenuwing


A. Geleidende deel
 Neus
o Vestibulum nasi
 Overgang huid-eigenlijke neusholte
 Neusseptum nog niet kraakbenig
 Meerlagig verhoornd plaveisel EP  meerlagig niet verhoornd plaveisel EP
o Respiratoir segment
 Begint thv limen nasi
 Neusseptum: kraakbenig  benig
 Conchae nasales
 Pseudomeerlagig trilhaarepitheel = respiratoir epitheel
 Trilhaardragende cellen
 Slijmbekercellen
 Basale cellen
 Borstelcellen (chemosensorische cellen, microvilli apicaal)
 Kleine korrelcellen (DNES)
 Lamina propria
 Losmazig collageen en elastisch bw
 Sereuze, mukeuze, seromukeuze klieren  bevochtigen, zuiveren,
verdedigen (IgA)
 Specifieke circulatie via oppervlakkig netwerk v capillairen & grote
venenplexussen of zwellichamen opwarming
(tegenstroomprincipe)
 Kraakbeen of bot onder LP

o Olfactorisch deel: zie zintuigen!

,  Paranasale sinussen = neusbijholten
o Holten in os maxilla (kaakholten)
o Holten in os frontale (voorhoofdsholten)
o Holten in os sphenoïdale (wiggebeenholten)
o Holten in os ethmoïdale (zeefbeenholten)
o Respiratoire mucosa
 Minder slijmbekercellen, klieren, vascularisatie
o Sinusitis = ontsteking neusbijholte
 Nasofarynx
o Respiratoir EP
o Elastische LP
o Vnl mukeuze klieren
o Tonsillae pharyngea
o Uitmonding tuba auditiva
o Uvula
 Orofarynx
o Meerlagig niet verhoornd plaveisel EP
o Tonsillae palatinae
o Tonsillae linguales
 Laryngofarynx
o Meerlagig niet verhoornd plaveisel EP
 Larynx
o Schakel farynx-trachea
o Musculocartilagineus orgaan
o Functie: openhouden luchtweg ,stemvorming & slikmechanisme
 Ventriculaire plooien = valse stembanden
 Vocale plooien = echte stembanden
 Rima glottidis
 Epiglottis (afsluiten luchtwegen bij slikken)
o Morfologische structuur
 Epitheel : afhankelijk van mechanische druk
 Meerlagig niet verhoornd plaveisel EP (veel druk)
- Tongzijde epiglottis en bovenste helft larynxzijde
- Plicae aryepiglottica
- Echte stembanden
 Respiratoir EP (minder druk)
- Vestibulum
- Ventriculum
- Deel onder stembanden
 LP
 Losmazig bw
 Seromukeuze klieren
 Thv valse stembanden (recessus ventricularis)
- lymfefollikels
 Thv echte stembanden:
- GEEN bloedvaten, lymfevaten, klieren
- Ligamentum vocale: dens bw + elastine
- M. vocalis: dwarsgestreept
 Submucosa AFWEZIG
 Kraakbeen
 Elastisch thv epiglottis, croniculata en cueniformis
 Hyalien thv thyroidea, cricoidea en arytaenoidea
 Adventitia = losmazig bw
 Bloedvaten + lymfevaten
 Zenuwen: takjes van N. vagus en N. glossopharyngicus

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