Fundamentals of Nursing Exam Practice Test Questions
& Answers Latest 2025 Update
Origination of the word "nurse" - ANS ✔ - from the Latin word "nutria" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANS ✔ - communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate,
collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANS ✔ - nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths and
potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and patients during end-of-
life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANS ✔ - -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANS ✔ - -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs and
LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANS ✔ - respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANS ✔ - -well defined body specific and
unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
,-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANS ✔ - defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated nursing from
medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books; founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - ANS ✔ - established Red Cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers
during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
Sources of knowledge - ANS ✔ - -traditional (passed down from generation to generation)
-Authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
Objective - ANS ✔ - you can see the object
Subjective - ANS ✔ - coming from that subject
Types of knowledge - ANS ✔ - -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurrences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to develop and
construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired result)
Goals of nursing research - ANS ✔ - -improve care in clinical setting
-study pal and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
Deductive reasoning - ANS ✔ - examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas
, Inductive reasoning - ANS ✔ - one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about general
ideas
Health - ANS ✔ - a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
Illness - ANS ✔ - the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed
level of functioning
Wellness - ANS ✔ - an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical,
mental, and emotional health
Nursing theory - ANS ✔ - differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves
the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care
practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ANS ✔ - a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions,
using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes are
achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of
patients
Steps in implementing EBP - ANS ✔ - Step 1: ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an
intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a
decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
Human dimensions that compose the whole person - ANS ✔ - physical, intellectual, environmental,
spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
Acute illness - ANS ✔ - rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea,
pneumonia, appendicitis
& Answers Latest 2025 Update
Origination of the word "nurse" - ANS ✔ - from the Latin word "nutria" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - ANS ✔ - communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate,
collaborator
coping with disability and death - ANS ✔ - nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths and
potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and patients during end-of-
life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ANS ✔ - -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ANS ✔ - -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles for RNs and
LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ANS ✔ - respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ANS ✔ - -well defined body specific and
unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
,-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ANS ✔ - defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated nursing from
medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books; founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - ANS ✔ - established Red Cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers
during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
Sources of knowledge - ANS ✔ - -traditional (passed down from generation to generation)
-Authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
Objective - ANS ✔ - you can see the object
Subjective - ANS ✔ - coming from that subject
Types of knowledge - ANS ✔ - -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurrences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to develop and
construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired result)
Goals of nursing research - ANS ✔ - -improve care in clinical setting
-study pal and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
Deductive reasoning - ANS ✔ - examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas
, Inductive reasoning - ANS ✔ - one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about general
ideas
Health - ANS ✔ - a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
Illness - ANS ✔ - the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed
level of functioning
Wellness - ANS ✔ - an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical,
mental, and emotional health
Nursing theory - ANS ✔ - differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves
the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care
practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ANS ✔ - a problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions,
using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so best outcomes are
achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of
patients
Steps in implementing EBP - ANS ✔ - Step 1: ask a question about a clinical area of interest or an
intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a
decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
Human dimensions that compose the whole person - ANS ✔ - physical, intellectual, environmental,
spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
Acute illness - ANS ✔ - rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea,
pneumonia, appendicitis
