Child Development Exam 1- UARK- Solved
Accommodation - ANSWER-When there's an inconsistency between the learner's
cognitive structure & the thing being learned the child will reorganize her thoughts
Apgar scale - ANSWER--named after Dr. Virginia Apgar
-Factors rate:
Appearance (Color)
Pulse (heart rate)
Grimance (reflex responsively)
Activity (muscle tone)
Respiration effort
Assimilation - ANSWER-process of matching external reality to an existing cognitive
structuree
Auditory development - ANSWER-Process by which children learn to recognize and
understand auditory signals available to them
Autism: - ANSWER-Frequency: 2-6/1000 28.4 million
4 times more prevalent in boys
Symptoms: impaired social interaction, impaired verbal and non-verbal communication,
restricted and repetitive behavior
Usual onset: by age two
Autistic charcteristics - ANSWER--may exhibit repeated body movements
-unusual responses to people
-attachment to objects
-resistance to change in routine
-sensory sensitivities
Basic Perceptual Abilities of Young infants - ANSWER--they even prefer some sights,
smell, and sounds over others
-sensitive to pain
-vision and hearing develop rapidly over the first year
-Tactile stimulation is very important to infants
Behaviorism: - ANSWER--The study of external behavior
-Behavior is objective and observable
-What goes on in one's mind can never really be known or measure
-Behavior is the response of an organism to stimuli
Buss, Davis, Muftuler, Head, and Sandman (2010) asked expectant mothers to rate
their pregnancy anxiety level. This longitudinal study found that the expectant mothers'
pregnancy anxiety ____. - ANSWER-6-8 years of age: reduced volume in gray matter
prefrontal cortex and other areas related to cognitive performance
, By 15 weeks the fetus exhibits all movements observable at birth - ANSWER---
Can two individuals have the same genes? - ANSWER-yes aka monozygotic twins
characteristic of mutations - ANSWER--can be passed on to the next generation
-can add new genes to the gene pool
-is important source of variation of genetypes
-most are harmful or even lethal, not adaptive
Continuity: - ANSWER-consisting of the gradual accumulation of small changes
-quantitative changes
Critiques of Behaviorism: - ANSWER--Doesn't account for anything that isn't an
observable behavior
-Only accounts for learning through direct experience with the environment
Cross-sectional Research - ANSWER--Great at identifying differences across age quick
-Weakness: little about individual difference
Cultural evolution occurs when on generation modifies the information passed on from
previous generation - ANSWER---
DeCasper and Spence's study (1986) on newborns showed that babies who heard their
mothers read The Cat in the Hat while in the womb: - ANSWER-method: changes in
rate of sucking
finding: infants modified their rates of sucking in the direction that produced the familiar
story
Deki has written a very interesting essay on the topic "If men gave birth to children as
well" The examples and the analogies she has used in her essay are so strong and
logical to convince the readers how the world would look like if men gave birth to
children as well. by judging the quality of thoughts and ideas expressed Deki probably
could be in.... - ANSWER-
Development in Down syndrome - ANSWER--social and self help skills usually on track
early and often remain strengths
-motor skills (sitting, walking, running) delayed due to low muscle tone, joints
-Language skills often start on time, but usually slow in second year and affect
production more than understanding
Developmentalists divide the time between conception and adulthood into five periods: -
ANSWER-1. The Prenatal Period (conception to birth)
2. Infancy (birth through 2)
3. Early Childhood (ages 2 1/2 to 6)
Accommodation - ANSWER-When there's an inconsistency between the learner's
cognitive structure & the thing being learned the child will reorganize her thoughts
Apgar scale - ANSWER--named after Dr. Virginia Apgar
-Factors rate:
Appearance (Color)
Pulse (heart rate)
Grimance (reflex responsively)
Activity (muscle tone)
Respiration effort
Assimilation - ANSWER-process of matching external reality to an existing cognitive
structuree
Auditory development - ANSWER-Process by which children learn to recognize and
understand auditory signals available to them
Autism: - ANSWER-Frequency: 2-6/1000 28.4 million
4 times more prevalent in boys
Symptoms: impaired social interaction, impaired verbal and non-verbal communication,
restricted and repetitive behavior
Usual onset: by age two
Autistic charcteristics - ANSWER--may exhibit repeated body movements
-unusual responses to people
-attachment to objects
-resistance to change in routine
-sensory sensitivities
Basic Perceptual Abilities of Young infants - ANSWER--they even prefer some sights,
smell, and sounds over others
-sensitive to pain
-vision and hearing develop rapidly over the first year
-Tactile stimulation is very important to infants
Behaviorism: - ANSWER--The study of external behavior
-Behavior is objective and observable
-What goes on in one's mind can never really be known or measure
-Behavior is the response of an organism to stimuli
Buss, Davis, Muftuler, Head, and Sandman (2010) asked expectant mothers to rate
their pregnancy anxiety level. This longitudinal study found that the expectant mothers'
pregnancy anxiety ____. - ANSWER-6-8 years of age: reduced volume in gray matter
prefrontal cortex and other areas related to cognitive performance
, By 15 weeks the fetus exhibits all movements observable at birth - ANSWER---
Can two individuals have the same genes? - ANSWER-yes aka monozygotic twins
characteristic of mutations - ANSWER--can be passed on to the next generation
-can add new genes to the gene pool
-is important source of variation of genetypes
-most are harmful or even lethal, not adaptive
Continuity: - ANSWER-consisting of the gradual accumulation of small changes
-quantitative changes
Critiques of Behaviorism: - ANSWER--Doesn't account for anything that isn't an
observable behavior
-Only accounts for learning through direct experience with the environment
Cross-sectional Research - ANSWER--Great at identifying differences across age quick
-Weakness: little about individual difference
Cultural evolution occurs when on generation modifies the information passed on from
previous generation - ANSWER---
DeCasper and Spence's study (1986) on newborns showed that babies who heard their
mothers read The Cat in the Hat while in the womb: - ANSWER-method: changes in
rate of sucking
finding: infants modified their rates of sucking in the direction that produced the familiar
story
Deki has written a very interesting essay on the topic "If men gave birth to children as
well" The examples and the analogies she has used in her essay are so strong and
logical to convince the readers how the world would look like if men gave birth to
children as well. by judging the quality of thoughts and ideas expressed Deki probably
could be in.... - ANSWER-
Development in Down syndrome - ANSWER--social and self help skills usually on track
early and often remain strengths
-motor skills (sitting, walking, running) delayed due to low muscle tone, joints
-Language skills often start on time, but usually slow in second year and affect
production more than understanding
Developmentalists divide the time between conception and adulthood into five periods: -
ANSWER-1. The Prenatal Period (conception to birth)
2. Infancy (birth through 2)
3. Early Childhood (ages 2 1/2 to 6)
