HIM675
Research Methods & Evaluation
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of
inferential statistics in research?
a) To describe data trends within a sample
b) To generalize findings from a sample to a population
c) To rank data in order of importance
d) To visualize data for easier interpretation
ANS: b) To generalize findings from a sample to a population
©/2025
, Rationale: Inferential statistics enable researchers to make
predictions or inferences about a population based on data from a
sample.
2. Which research method is most appropriate for understanding
the lived experiences of chronic pain patients?
a) Experimental research
b) Ethnographic research
c) Phenomenological research
d) Survey research
ANS: c) Phenomenological research
Rationale: Phenomenological research focuses on exploring
individual experiences and perceptions, suitable for understanding
lived experiences.
3. What is the primary role of a control group in a randomized
controlled trial?
a) To receive double the treatment
b) To ensure the treatment group complies
c) To provide a comparison against the treatment group
d) To eliminate variance in the experiment
ANS: c) To provide a comparison against the treatment group
©/2025
, Rationale: The control group is essential for comparing the
effects of the treatment against a baseline where no treatment is
applied.
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a non-
experimental research design?
a) Manipulation of independent variables
b) Random assignment
c) Lack of randomization
d) Blind or double-blind conditions
ANS: c) Lack of randomization
Rationale: Non-experimental designs do not involve random
assignment or the manipulation of variables, focusing instead on
observing what naturally occurs.
5. In hypothesis testing, what is the null hypothesis usually
concerned with?
a) Proving there is an effect or difference
b) Asserting no effect or difference exists
c) Maximizing type I and type II errors
d) Establishing a cause-and-effect relationship
ANS: b) Asserting no effect or difference exists
©/2025
, Rationale: The null hypothesis usually states that there is no
effect or difference, serving as a basis for statistical testing.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The measurement of reliability in research methods is often
assessed using a statistic called ________.
ANS: Cronbach's alpha
Rationale: Cronbach's alpha is a measure used to assess the
internal consistency or reliability of a set of scale or test items.
7. The ________ variable is the outcome variable that
researchers focus on explaining or predicting.
ANS: Dependent
Rationale: The dependent variable is the outcome that is
affected by changes in the independent variable.
8. Qualitative research relies heavily on data derived from
________, _______, and participant observations.
ANS: Interviews, focus groups
Rationale: These are key qualitative methods used to gather
in-depth information from participants.
©/2025
Research Methods & Evaluation
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of
inferential statistics in research?
a) To describe data trends within a sample
b) To generalize findings from a sample to a population
c) To rank data in order of importance
d) To visualize data for easier interpretation
ANS: b) To generalize findings from a sample to a population
©/2025
, Rationale: Inferential statistics enable researchers to make
predictions or inferences about a population based on data from a
sample.
2. Which research method is most appropriate for understanding
the lived experiences of chronic pain patients?
a) Experimental research
b) Ethnographic research
c) Phenomenological research
d) Survey research
ANS: c) Phenomenological research
Rationale: Phenomenological research focuses on exploring
individual experiences and perceptions, suitable for understanding
lived experiences.
3. What is the primary role of a control group in a randomized
controlled trial?
a) To receive double the treatment
b) To ensure the treatment group complies
c) To provide a comparison against the treatment group
d) To eliminate variance in the experiment
ANS: c) To provide a comparison against the treatment group
©/2025
, Rationale: The control group is essential for comparing the
effects of the treatment against a baseline where no treatment is
applied.
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a non-
experimental research design?
a) Manipulation of independent variables
b) Random assignment
c) Lack of randomization
d) Blind or double-blind conditions
ANS: c) Lack of randomization
Rationale: Non-experimental designs do not involve random
assignment or the manipulation of variables, focusing instead on
observing what naturally occurs.
5. In hypothesis testing, what is the null hypothesis usually
concerned with?
a) Proving there is an effect or difference
b) Asserting no effect or difference exists
c) Maximizing type I and type II errors
d) Establishing a cause-and-effect relationship
ANS: b) Asserting no effect or difference exists
©/2025
, Rationale: The null hypothesis usually states that there is no
effect or difference, serving as a basis for statistical testing.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The measurement of reliability in research methods is often
assessed using a statistic called ________.
ANS: Cronbach's alpha
Rationale: Cronbach's alpha is a measure used to assess the
internal consistency or reliability of a set of scale or test items.
7. The ________ variable is the outcome variable that
researchers focus on explaining or predicting.
ANS: Dependent
Rationale: The dependent variable is the outcome that is
affected by changes in the independent variable.
8. Qualitative research relies heavily on data derived from
________, _______, and participant observations.
ANS: Interviews, focus groups
Rationale: These are key qualitative methods used to gather
in-depth information from participants.
©/2025
