HESI A2 Biology Exam Latest 2024/2025 Questions And Correct
Verified Answers/Graded A+
1. carbs to glucose oxidation
2. monosaccharide simple sugar with 1 c per h2o
3. monomer small molecule that forms chemical bonds with other
momomers
4. polymer compounds or repeating monomers
5. lipid bonds c-h
6. purpose of lipids energy storage and structural functions
7. fatty acids chains of reduced carbon at 1 end and carboxylic acid at
the other end
8. phospholipids contain phosphate rather than fatty acid
9. glycerides fatty acid and glycerol
10. condensation re- loss of h2o when two molecules are joined together
action
11. protein bonding condensation reaction
12. peptide 2+ amino acids
13. hydrolysis water breaks down molecules by splitting cations and
anions
14. amino acid partial hydrolysis of protein
15. amide bond amine group (NH2) and carboxylic acid (COOH)
16. rna and dna phosphodiester bond
bond
17. ATP and macro- to synthesize proteins from AA and replicate DNA
molecules
, HESI A2 Biology exam
18. nitrogen fixation uses enzyme nitrogenase in the reduction of dinitrogen
(N2) gas to ammonia (NH3)
19. nucleic acid stores information and energy and are catalysts
20. Rosalind Woman who generated x-ray images of DNA, she povid-
Franklin ed Watson and Crick with key data about DNA
21. DNA structure nucleotides which are 5c sugar and pentose, phosphate
group, nitrogenous base
22. Pyrimidines cytosine, thymine, uracil-6 sided and single ring
23. purine Adenine and Guanine-5/6 sided with two rings
24. codons -group of 3 nucleotides on messenger RNA
-64 codons
25. DNA replication 1) Helicase- unwinds the parental double helix
steps
2) DNA topoisomerase - upstream of helices alleviating
torsional strain
3) Single-strand binding proteins (SSBP) stabilize un-
wound DNA, aided by DNA gyrase.
4) Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer for DNA
polymerase to bind to in the 5' to 3' direction to start
replication on each strand.
5) DNA polymerase synthesizes the leading strand in 5'
to 3' direction while the lagging strand is made discon-
tinuously by primase making short pieces and then DNA
polymerase extending these to make Okazaki fragments.
6) DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together
26. dna replication at A-T bonds ( 2 H bonds) then G-C bonds (3 H bonds)
starting
, HESI A2 Biology exam
27. mRNA in replica- transcribes each new strand of DNA after replication
tion
28. rRNA -type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribo-
somes
-study relation of organisms
29. mRNA carries a copy strand of DNA and transports it from nucle-
us to cytoplasm
30. tRNA An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter be-
tween nucleic acid and protein language by picking up
specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate
codons in the mRNA
31. Transcription rna polymerase copies DNA into RNA. DNA unwinds self
and is a template for RNA
32. translation process where ribosomes used transcribed RNA to make
proteins
33. Mendel's Law of 2 alleles for each trait separate during meiosis and 1/2
Segregation total number are contributed by each parent
34. Mendel's Law of when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual
Independent As- hereditary factors assort independently during gamete
sortment production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of
occurring together.
35. locus point on a gene
36. genetic cross combination of alleles
37. monohybrid cross involving only one trait
cross
38. monohybrid -when both parents have dom and recessive
cross time -3:1 ratio (dom:rec)
Verified Answers/Graded A+
1. carbs to glucose oxidation
2. monosaccharide simple sugar with 1 c per h2o
3. monomer small molecule that forms chemical bonds with other
momomers
4. polymer compounds or repeating monomers
5. lipid bonds c-h
6. purpose of lipids energy storage and structural functions
7. fatty acids chains of reduced carbon at 1 end and carboxylic acid at
the other end
8. phospholipids contain phosphate rather than fatty acid
9. glycerides fatty acid and glycerol
10. condensation re- loss of h2o when two molecules are joined together
action
11. protein bonding condensation reaction
12. peptide 2+ amino acids
13. hydrolysis water breaks down molecules by splitting cations and
anions
14. amino acid partial hydrolysis of protein
15. amide bond amine group (NH2) and carboxylic acid (COOH)
16. rna and dna phosphodiester bond
bond
17. ATP and macro- to synthesize proteins from AA and replicate DNA
molecules
, HESI A2 Biology exam
18. nitrogen fixation uses enzyme nitrogenase in the reduction of dinitrogen
(N2) gas to ammonia (NH3)
19. nucleic acid stores information and energy and are catalysts
20. Rosalind Woman who generated x-ray images of DNA, she povid-
Franklin ed Watson and Crick with key data about DNA
21. DNA structure nucleotides which are 5c sugar and pentose, phosphate
group, nitrogenous base
22. Pyrimidines cytosine, thymine, uracil-6 sided and single ring
23. purine Adenine and Guanine-5/6 sided with two rings
24. codons -group of 3 nucleotides on messenger RNA
-64 codons
25. DNA replication 1) Helicase- unwinds the parental double helix
steps
2) DNA topoisomerase - upstream of helices alleviating
torsional strain
3) Single-strand binding proteins (SSBP) stabilize un-
wound DNA, aided by DNA gyrase.
4) Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer for DNA
polymerase to bind to in the 5' to 3' direction to start
replication on each strand.
5) DNA polymerase synthesizes the leading strand in 5'
to 3' direction while the lagging strand is made discon-
tinuously by primase making short pieces and then DNA
polymerase extending these to make Okazaki fragments.
6) DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together
26. dna replication at A-T bonds ( 2 H bonds) then G-C bonds (3 H bonds)
starting
, HESI A2 Biology exam
27. mRNA in replica- transcribes each new strand of DNA after replication
tion
28. rRNA -type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribo-
somes
-study relation of organisms
29. mRNA carries a copy strand of DNA and transports it from nucle-
us to cytoplasm
30. tRNA An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter be-
tween nucleic acid and protein language by picking up
specific amino acids and recognizing the appropriate
codons in the mRNA
31. Transcription rna polymerase copies DNA into RNA. DNA unwinds self
and is a template for RNA
32. translation process where ribosomes used transcribed RNA to make
proteins
33. Mendel's Law of 2 alleles for each trait separate during meiosis and 1/2
Segregation total number are contributed by each parent
34. Mendel's Law of when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual
Independent As- hereditary factors assort independently during gamete
sortment production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of
occurring together.
35. locus point on a gene
36. genetic cross combination of alleles
37. monohybrid cross involving only one trait
cross
38. monohybrid -when both parents have dom and recessive
cross time -3:1 ratio (dom:rec)
