HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2024-2025 Questions
And Answers ALL Verified/Graded A+
1. What is histology? The study of tissues
2. What is a tissue? A group of cells that act to-
gether to perform a specific
function.
3. What are the fundamental tissues? Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
4. What is the function of epithelial cells? Cover, line, and protect the
body and the internal organs.
5. What is the function of connective tissue? Framework of the body. Pro-
vides support and structure
to organs.
6. What is neuroglia? The neurons and connec-
tive tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
7. What ability does muscle tissue have? Ability to contract and short-
en.
8. What is muscle tissue classified as? Voluntary(skeletal muscles)
and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
9. What is meiosis? The cell division that takes
place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
10. What two layers compose the skin? Epidermis and dermis.
11. What is the epidermis? The outermost protective lay-
er of dead keratinized epithe-
lial cells.
, HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam
12. What is the dermis? The underlying layer of con-
nective tissue with blood ves-
sels, nerve endings, and the
associated skin tissues.
13. What are the layers of the epidermis? Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spin-
osum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions
Growl Great.
14. What does the protein pigment melanin Radiation from the Sun
protect against?
15. What is the dermis composed of? Fibrous connective tissue
with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve end-
ings, hair follicles, and
glands.
16. What are the 2 types of sweat glands? ecrine & apocrine
17. What do ecrine sweat glands produce? Sweat. Regulate body tem-
perature.
18. What do apocrine sweat glands produce? Secretions contain bits of cy-
toplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body
odor.
19. What do sebaceous glands secrete? They secrete sebum through
the hair follicles, which lubri-
, HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam
cates the skin and prevents
drying.
20. What secretion produces oil? Holocrine secretion.
21. What are sebaceous glands prone to dur- Becoming clogged and at-
ing adolescence? tracting bacteria.
22. What protein composes the hair and skin? Keratin
23. What makes the body's framework? Bone, cartilage, ligaments &
joints.
24. What are the functions of the skeletal sys- Support, movement, blood
tem? cell formation, protection
of internal organs, detoxifi-
cation, muscle attachment,
mineral storage. *A MIME
BATHED SEALS SINGING
"MY PONY"*
25. How are bones classified? By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA
FOR INDIANS*
26. What is the name for the cells that compose Osteoblasts
compact bone?
27. What occurs to osteoblasts when they be- They stop dividing but contin-
come fixed in the dense bone matrix? ue to maintain body tissues
as osteocytes.
28. How many bones make up the axial skele- 28 bones of the skull. 14-fa-
ton? cial, 14-cranium.
And Answers ALL Verified/Graded A+
1. What is histology? The study of tissues
2. What is a tissue? A group of cells that act to-
gether to perform a specific
function.
3. What are the fundamental tissues? Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
4. What is the function of epithelial cells? Cover, line, and protect the
body and the internal organs.
5. What is the function of connective tissue? Framework of the body. Pro-
vides support and structure
to organs.
6. What is neuroglia? The neurons and connec-
tive tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
7. What ability does muscle tissue have? Ability to contract and short-
en.
8. What is muscle tissue classified as? Voluntary(skeletal muscles)
and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
9. What is meiosis? The cell division that takes
place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
10. What two layers compose the skin? Epidermis and dermis.
11. What is the epidermis? The outermost protective lay-
er of dead keratinized epithe-
lial cells.
, HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam
12. What is the dermis? The underlying layer of con-
nective tissue with blood ves-
sels, nerve endings, and the
associated skin tissues.
13. What are the layers of the epidermis? Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spin-
osum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions
Growl Great.
14. What does the protein pigment melanin Radiation from the Sun
protect against?
15. What is the dermis composed of? Fibrous connective tissue
with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve end-
ings, hair follicles, and
glands.
16. What are the 2 types of sweat glands? ecrine & apocrine
17. What do ecrine sweat glands produce? Sweat. Regulate body tem-
perature.
18. What do apocrine sweat glands produce? Secretions contain bits of cy-
toplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body
odor.
19. What do sebaceous glands secrete? They secrete sebum through
the hair follicles, which lubri-
, HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam
cates the skin and prevents
drying.
20. What secretion produces oil? Holocrine secretion.
21. What are sebaceous glands prone to dur- Becoming clogged and at-
ing adolescence? tracting bacteria.
22. What protein composes the hair and skin? Keratin
23. What makes the body's framework? Bone, cartilage, ligaments &
joints.
24. What are the functions of the skeletal sys- Support, movement, blood
tem? cell formation, protection
of internal organs, detoxifi-
cation, muscle attachment,
mineral storage. *A MIME
BATHED SEALS SINGING
"MY PONY"*
25. How are bones classified? By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA
FOR INDIANS*
26. What is the name for the cells that compose Osteoblasts
compact bone?
27. What occurs to osteoblasts when they be- They stop dividing but contin-
come fixed in the dense bone matrix? ue to maintain body tissues
as osteocytes.
28. How many bones make up the axial skele- 28 bones of the skull. 14-fa-
ton? cial, 14-cranium.
