CELLULAR FORM AND FUNCTION TEST
BANK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Although the transmission electron microscope (TEM) can magnify much more than a
light microscope, even at identical magnifications the TEM has the advantage of
__________. - Answer-producing higher resolution
cells that are thick in the middle and tapered toward the end are called - Answer-
fusiform
Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a
cell can be? - Answer-the relationship between its volume and surface area
The fluid outside of a cell is called - Answer-extracellular fluid
the most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane are - Answer-phospholipids
membrane proteins that bind to signals by which cells communicate are called -
Answer-receptors
a receptor protein in the plasma membrane will not bind to just any chemical in the
extracellular fluid but only to certain ones. this property is called _______ - Answer-
specificity
In its second-messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called _________, whose job is
to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them. - Answer-kinases
most trans membrane proteins have _______ regions facing the intra and extracellular
fluid and ______ regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer - Answer-hydrophilic ;
hydrophobic
channel protein gates respond to all of these stimuli except - Answer-water in the
extracellular fluid
in the glycocalyx________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish
it's own cells from foreign and diseased cells - Answer-glycoproteins
The fuzzy coat of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane that
functions in cell identification is called the __________. - Answer-glycocalyx
__________ provide motility to a sperm cell, __________ act as sensory "antennae" in
many cells, and ____________ increase a cell's surface area. - Answer-Flagella; cilia;
microvilli
, _______ is the process in which ______ forces water and small solutes such as salts
through narrow clefts between capillary cells - Answer-Filtration; hydrostatic pressure
Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called
__________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of
transmembrane proteins called __________. - Answer-osmosis; aquaporins
the plasma membrane is mostly made of molecules that have hydrophilic heads and
hydrophobic tails - Answer-phospholipids
ATP is consumed when __________ transfer solutes from one side of the membrane to
the other. - Answer-pumps
Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a
higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then __________. -
Answer-water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
the plasma membrane of cells lining the small intestine has ______ which are
specialized for absorption of nutrients - Answer-microvilli
proteins that do no protude into the phospholipid booster but adhere to the surface of
the plasma membrane are called - Answer-peripheral proteins
A protein that is bound to a carbohydrate is called a _________. - Answer-glycoprotein
a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. this means the concentration of
solutes in the solution is ______ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular
fluid and will cause it to - Answer-higher ; shrink
What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common? - Answer-Both are
examples of carrier-mediated transport.
the number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its _____ the ability of s
solution is to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its - Answer-osmolarity;
tonicity
Insulin is taken up, via endocytosis, by the endothelial cells that line blood capillaries.
Then, it's transported across the cell to the other side, where it is released. This
transport is called __________. - Answer-transcytosis
sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal liken into an intestinal
cell. the carrier protein is a _______ and the process is called _____ - Answer-symport ;
cotransport
the sodium potassium pump transports both sodium and potassium ______ their
concentration gradient in a process called - Answer-up; active transport
BANK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Although the transmission electron microscope (TEM) can magnify much more than a
light microscope, even at identical magnifications the TEM has the advantage of
__________. - Answer-producing higher resolution
cells that are thick in the middle and tapered toward the end are called - Answer-
fusiform
Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a
cell can be? - Answer-the relationship between its volume and surface area
The fluid outside of a cell is called - Answer-extracellular fluid
the most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane are - Answer-phospholipids
membrane proteins that bind to signals by which cells communicate are called -
Answer-receptors
a receptor protein in the plasma membrane will not bind to just any chemical in the
extracellular fluid but only to certain ones. this property is called _______ - Answer-
specificity
In its second-messenger role, cAMP activates enzymes called _________, whose job is
to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them. - Answer-kinases
most trans membrane proteins have _______ regions facing the intra and extracellular
fluid and ______ regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer - Answer-hydrophilic ;
hydrophobic
channel protein gates respond to all of these stimuli except - Answer-water in the
extracellular fluid
in the glycocalyx________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish
it's own cells from foreign and diseased cells - Answer-glycoproteins
The fuzzy coat of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane that
functions in cell identification is called the __________. - Answer-glycocalyx
__________ provide motility to a sperm cell, __________ act as sensory "antennae" in
many cells, and ____________ increase a cell's surface area. - Answer-Flagella; cilia;
microvilli
, _______ is the process in which ______ forces water and small solutes such as salts
through narrow clefts between capillary cells - Answer-Filtration; hydrostatic pressure
Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called
__________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of
transmembrane proteins called __________. - Answer-osmosis; aquaporins
the plasma membrane is mostly made of molecules that have hydrophilic heads and
hydrophobic tails - Answer-phospholipids
ATP is consumed when __________ transfer solutes from one side of the membrane to
the other. - Answer-pumps
Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a
higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then __________. -
Answer-water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A
the plasma membrane of cells lining the small intestine has ______ which are
specialized for absorption of nutrients - Answer-microvilli
proteins that do no protude into the phospholipid booster but adhere to the surface of
the plasma membrane are called - Answer-peripheral proteins
A protein that is bound to a carbohydrate is called a _________. - Answer-glycoprotein
a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. this means the concentration of
solutes in the solution is ______ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular
fluid and will cause it to - Answer-higher ; shrink
What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common? - Answer-Both are
examples of carrier-mediated transport.
the number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its _____ the ability of s
solution is to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its - Answer-osmolarity;
tonicity
Insulin is taken up, via endocytosis, by the endothelial cells that line blood capillaries.
Then, it's transported across the cell to the other side, where it is released. This
transport is called __________. - Answer-transcytosis
sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal liken into an intestinal
cell. the carrier protein is a _______ and the process is called _____ - Answer-symport ;
cotransport
the sodium potassium pump transports both sodium and potassium ______ their
concentration gradient in a process called - Answer-up; active transport
