NU 220
Pharmacology
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action
for beta-blockers?
- A) Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin
- B) Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
- C) Increasing the release of norepinephrine
- D) Activating alpha-adrenergic receptors
- ANS: B) Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking beta-adrenergic
receptors, which decreases heart rate and blood pressure.
©2024/2025
,2. Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of ACE
inhibitors?
- A) Dry cough
- B) Hyperkalemia
- C) Angioedema
- D) Hypoglycemia
- ANS: D) Hypoglycemia
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors commonly cause dry cough,
hyperkalemia, and angioedema but do not typically cause
hypoglycemia.
3. Which class of drugs is primarily used to treat fungal
infections?
- A) Antibiotics
- B) Antivirals
- C) Antifungals
- D) Antihistamines
- ANS: C) Antifungals
- Rationale: Antifungal drugs are specifically used to treat
fungal infections by targeting fungal cells.
©2024/2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of its
__________.
- ANS: Safety
- Rationale: The therapeutic index is a measure of a drug's
safety, representing the ratio between the toxic dose and the
therapeutic dose.
5. In pharmacology, __________ refers to the study of how a
drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the
body.
- ANS: Pharmacokinetics
- Rationale: Pharmacokinetics involves the study of how a
drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the
body.
6. The __________ effect occurs when the combined effect of
two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
- ANS: Synergistic
- Rationale: The synergistic effect occurs when the combined
effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual
effects, leading to enhanced efficacy.
True/False Questions
©2024/2025
, 7. True or False: The first-pass effect refers to the rapid
inactivation of orally administered drugs by the liver before they
reach systemic circulation.
- ANS: True
- Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the rapid
inactivation of orally administered drugs by the liver before they
reach systemic circulation, reducing their bioavailability.
8. True or False: Antagonists are drugs that bind to receptors and
activate them, producing a biological response.
- ANS: False
- Rationale: Antagonists bind to receptors but do not activate
them; instead, they block or inhibit the action of agonists and
endogenous ligands.
9. True or False: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for
the plasma concentration of the drug to be reduced by half.
- ANS: True
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the
plasma concentration of the drug to be reduced by half, indicating
the duration of its action in the body.
Multiple Response Questions
©2024/2025
Pharmacology
Comprehensive Finals Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action
for beta-blockers?
- A) Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin
- B) Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
- C) Increasing the release of norepinephrine
- D) Activating alpha-adrenergic receptors
- ANS: B) Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking beta-adrenergic
receptors, which decreases heart rate and blood pressure.
©2024/2025
,2. Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of ACE
inhibitors?
- A) Dry cough
- B) Hyperkalemia
- C) Angioedema
- D) Hypoglycemia
- ANS: D) Hypoglycemia
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors commonly cause dry cough,
hyperkalemia, and angioedema but do not typically cause
hypoglycemia.
3. Which class of drugs is primarily used to treat fungal
infections?
- A) Antibiotics
- B) Antivirals
- C) Antifungals
- D) Antihistamines
- ANS: C) Antifungals
- Rationale: Antifungal drugs are specifically used to treat
fungal infections by targeting fungal cells.
©2024/2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of its
__________.
- ANS: Safety
- Rationale: The therapeutic index is a measure of a drug's
safety, representing the ratio between the toxic dose and the
therapeutic dose.
5. In pharmacology, __________ refers to the study of how a
drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the
body.
- ANS: Pharmacokinetics
- Rationale: Pharmacokinetics involves the study of how a
drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the
body.
6. The __________ effect occurs when the combined effect of
two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
- ANS: Synergistic
- Rationale: The synergistic effect occurs when the combined
effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual
effects, leading to enhanced efficacy.
True/False Questions
©2024/2025
, 7. True or False: The first-pass effect refers to the rapid
inactivation of orally administered drugs by the liver before they
reach systemic circulation.
- ANS: True
- Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the rapid
inactivation of orally administered drugs by the liver before they
reach systemic circulation, reducing their bioavailability.
8. True or False: Antagonists are drugs that bind to receptors and
activate them, producing a biological response.
- ANS: False
- Rationale: Antagonists bind to receptors but do not activate
them; instead, they block or inhibit the action of agonists and
endogenous ligands.
9. True or False: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for
the plasma concentration of the drug to be reduced by half.
- ANS: True
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the
plasma concentration of the drug to be reduced by half, indicating
the duration of its action in the body.
Multiple Response Questions
©2024/2025
