NPLEX 1 EXAM (ACTUAL 2025) QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (NEWEST)
what co-factor is required to convert dUMP to DTMP via
thymidylate synthase?
methylene-FH4
What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
Most common cause of early childhood cyanosis, resulting
from anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum.
Characterized by 4 anomalies:
1) Pulmonary infundibular stenosis (most important
determinant for prognosis)
2) Right ventricular hypertrophy (boot-shaped heart on chest
x-ray)
3) Overriding aorta
4) Ventricular septal defect
What is bell clapper deformity?
Bilateral nonattachement of the testicles by the gubernaculum
to the scrotum
**higher predisposition to testicular torsion
,what diseases are caused by vitamin D deficiency
rickets -- children
osteomalacia -- adults
What are Kupffer cells?
Specialized macrophages in the liver responsible for clearing
portal blood and immunosurveillance. Also responsible for
early alcohol-induced liver injury.
-- presents in the sinusoids of the liver
what condition produces bite cells
G6PD deficiency
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase which breakdown G6P
to enter into the pentose phosphate pathway.
the right side of head, pec, and arm drain into the
right lymphatic duct
Rib 6 articulates with what?
,inferior facet of T5 and superior facet of T6
anterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyperextension of vertebral column
located on the anterior aspect of the vertebral body
posterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyperflexion of vertebral column
located on the posterior aspect of the vertebral body within the
vertebral foramen
ligamentum flavum
connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae
located within the vertebral foramen (**more posterior than
the PLL)
, muscles used in inspiration
diaphragm and external intercostals
muscles used in expiration
internal intercostals, abdominals
what makes up the epicardium?
a) serous layer (visceral layer of pericardium)
b) mesothelium
c) loose connective tissue with veins, nerves, autonomic
ganglia
d) adipose tissue
the left coronary artery branches into the:
LAD and left circumflex
is the great cardiac vein anterior or posterior on the heart
anterior
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (NEWEST)
what co-factor is required to convert dUMP to DTMP via
thymidylate synthase?
methylene-FH4
What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
Most common cause of early childhood cyanosis, resulting
from anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum.
Characterized by 4 anomalies:
1) Pulmonary infundibular stenosis (most important
determinant for prognosis)
2) Right ventricular hypertrophy (boot-shaped heart on chest
x-ray)
3) Overriding aorta
4) Ventricular septal defect
What is bell clapper deformity?
Bilateral nonattachement of the testicles by the gubernaculum
to the scrotum
**higher predisposition to testicular torsion
,what diseases are caused by vitamin D deficiency
rickets -- children
osteomalacia -- adults
What are Kupffer cells?
Specialized macrophages in the liver responsible for clearing
portal blood and immunosurveillance. Also responsible for
early alcohol-induced liver injury.
-- presents in the sinusoids of the liver
what condition produces bite cells
G6PD deficiency
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase which breakdown G6P
to enter into the pentose phosphate pathway.
the right side of head, pec, and arm drain into the
right lymphatic duct
Rib 6 articulates with what?
,inferior facet of T5 and superior facet of T6
anterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyperextension of vertebral column
located on the anterior aspect of the vertebral body
posterior longitudinal ligament
prevents hyperflexion of vertebral column
located on the posterior aspect of the vertebral body within the
vertebral foramen
ligamentum flavum
connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae
located within the vertebral foramen (**more posterior than
the PLL)
, muscles used in inspiration
diaphragm and external intercostals
muscles used in expiration
internal intercostals, abdominals
what makes up the epicardium?
a) serous layer (visceral layer of pericardium)
b) mesothelium
c) loose connective tissue with veins, nerves, autonomic
ganglia
d) adipose tissue
the left coronary artery branches into the:
LAD and left circumflex
is the great cardiac vein anterior or posterior on the heart
anterior
