EMT exam 1, chapters 1-13
As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared that of whom? - ANS -Another
EMT
\Define distal - ANS -Situated away from the center of the body or the point of attachment.
\Define lateral - ANS -Toward the outer sides of the body (opposite of medial)
\Define medial - ANS -Situated near the median plane of the body or the midline of an organ.
\Define prone - ANS -Lying face down
\Define proximal - ANS -Close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment. (opposite of
distal)
\Define supine - ANS -Lying face up
\How do you calculate the Glasgow Coma Scale - ANS -1-4 Eyes:
4=spontaneous
3=To sounds
2=To pressure
1=None
1-5 Verbal:
5=Orientated
4=Confused
3=Words
2=Sounds
1=None
1-6 Motor response:
6=Obey commands
5=Localizing
4=Normal flexion
3=Abnormal flexion
2=Extension
1=None
13-15 = mild, 9-12 Moderate, 3-8 Severe
\How does breathing occur? - ANS -Ventilation: physical act of moving air into and out of the
lungs
Oxygenation: process of loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin in the bloodstream
Respiration: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli as well as tissues of the body
\how is nasopharyngeal airway inserted and when is it contraindicated. - ANS -1. Size the
airway by measuring the tip of the nose to the patient's earlobe. Coat the tip with a water-soluble
lubricant
, 2. Insert the lubricated airway into the larger nostril with the curvature following the floor of the
nose.
3. Gently advance the airway
4. Continue until the flange rests against the nostril. If you feel any resistance or obstruction,
remove the airway and insert it into the other nostril
Semiconscious or unconscious patients with an intact gag reflex
Patients who otherwise will not tolerate an oropharyngeal airway
Contraindications:
Severe trauma to the face or head with blood draining from the nose
History of fractured nasal bone
\How should you manage a patient's airway? - ANS -Open
suction
adjunct
Recovery Position
\Know the term reflective listing, what it means and how to do it. - ANS -it involves repeating, in
question form, what the patient has said, encouraging the patient to expand on his or her
thoughts.
\Know why aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected on having a heart attack? - ANS -Aspirin
prevents the aggregation of platelets
^
involved in clotting
\Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during what type of shock? - ANS -Pulmonary
edema is a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs.
\What are techniques for communicating with hearing-impaired patients. - ANS -Use a piece of
paper
\What are the complications associated with an oropharyngeal airway? - ANS --Touching the
back of the airway
-activating gag reflex:causing vomiting, and increasing the chance of aspiration
-Hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts
\What are the methods of preventing the spread of infectious diseases? - ANS -En route make
sure ppe is out and available
proper ppe
change gloves and wash hands
As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared that of whom? - ANS -Another
EMT
\Define distal - ANS -Situated away from the center of the body or the point of attachment.
\Define lateral - ANS -Toward the outer sides of the body (opposite of medial)
\Define medial - ANS -Situated near the median plane of the body or the midline of an organ.
\Define prone - ANS -Lying face down
\Define proximal - ANS -Close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment. (opposite of
distal)
\Define supine - ANS -Lying face up
\How do you calculate the Glasgow Coma Scale - ANS -1-4 Eyes:
4=spontaneous
3=To sounds
2=To pressure
1=None
1-5 Verbal:
5=Orientated
4=Confused
3=Words
2=Sounds
1=None
1-6 Motor response:
6=Obey commands
5=Localizing
4=Normal flexion
3=Abnormal flexion
2=Extension
1=None
13-15 = mild, 9-12 Moderate, 3-8 Severe
\How does breathing occur? - ANS -Ventilation: physical act of moving air into and out of the
lungs
Oxygenation: process of loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin in the bloodstream
Respiration: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli as well as tissues of the body
\how is nasopharyngeal airway inserted and when is it contraindicated. - ANS -1. Size the
airway by measuring the tip of the nose to the patient's earlobe. Coat the tip with a water-soluble
lubricant
, 2. Insert the lubricated airway into the larger nostril with the curvature following the floor of the
nose.
3. Gently advance the airway
4. Continue until the flange rests against the nostril. If you feel any resistance or obstruction,
remove the airway and insert it into the other nostril
Semiconscious or unconscious patients with an intact gag reflex
Patients who otherwise will not tolerate an oropharyngeal airway
Contraindications:
Severe trauma to the face or head with blood draining from the nose
History of fractured nasal bone
\How should you manage a patient's airway? - ANS -Open
suction
adjunct
Recovery Position
\Know the term reflective listing, what it means and how to do it. - ANS -it involves repeating, in
question form, what the patient has said, encouraging the patient to expand on his or her
thoughts.
\Know why aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected on having a heart attack? - ANS -Aspirin
prevents the aggregation of platelets
^
involved in clotting
\Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during what type of shock? - ANS -Pulmonary
edema is a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs.
\What are techniques for communicating with hearing-impaired patients. - ANS -Use a piece of
paper
\What are the complications associated with an oropharyngeal airway? - ANS --Touching the
back of the airway
-activating gag reflex:causing vomiting, and increasing the chance of aspiration
-Hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts
\What are the methods of preventing the spread of infectious diseases? - ANS -En route make
sure ppe is out and available
proper ppe
change gloves and wash hands
