TEST BANK for Human Learning 8th Edition Ormrod,CHAPTER 1 - 15

TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15

, CHAPTERt1
PERSPECTIVEStONtLEARNING

MultipletChoicetQuestions

Humantbeingstundoubtedlytlearntmoretduringtthetcoursetoftatlifetimetthantan
ytothertspeciestontearth.tThetmajortresulttoftthistcapacityttotlearntistthat:
Newtinstinctstbeginttotemerge.
Humantthoughttbecomestlesstlogicaltwithteachtgeneration.tH
umanstcantbenefittfromttheirtexperiences.
Humanstaretthetonlytspeciestwhosetbehaviortcannottbetanalyzedtintter
mstoftstimulitandtresponses.

Threetoftthetfollowingtaretexamplestoftlearning.tWhichtonetistnot?
Abigailtcriestwhentshetstepstontatsharptpebble.
Aftertmanythourstoftheatedtdebate,tBriantbeginsttotadvocatetpo
liticaltpracticesthethastpreviouslytopposed.
Caratsuddenlytrecognizesthowtthetdivisiontfactt ―24t’t4t=t6‖tistrelatedttott
hetmultiplicationtfactt―6txt4t=t24.‖
DavidthastbeentrunningtawaytfromtGermantshepherdstevertsincethetwa
stbittentbytatGermantshepherdttwot yearstago.

Reyneldathasttroublettracingtatcomplextshapetwithtatpenciltwhentshetistintkin
dergarten,tbuttshetcantdotittquitetwelltbytthettimetshetistintsecondtgrade.tIstthistanti
nstancetoftlearning?
Yes,tbecausethertbehaviorthastchanged.
No,tbecausetthetcircumstancestarettootdissimilar.
Maybe,talthoughtthetchangetmaytsimplytbetduettotp
hysiologicaltmaturation.
Maybe,tbuttonlytiftshetistbeingtreinforcedtforttracingtaccurately.




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, Chaptert1t–tPerspectivestontLearning



Threetoftthetfollowingtillustratetvarioustwaystthattlearningtmightt betreflectedtin
a person‘stbehavior.tWhichtonetoftthetfollowingtchangestdoestnottnecessarilytrefle
t t

cttlearning?
Althoughtit‘statschooltnight,tDeantplaystvideotgamestuntiltwelltpastthistusu
altbedtime.tAsthetbecomestmorettired,thetfindstittincreasinglytdifficultttotc
oncentratetontwhatthe‘stdoing.
Eventastatyoungtchild,tJerrytcouldttelltyoutthatthistgrandparentstim
migratedttotthetUnitedtStatestfromtIreland.tButtaftertatconversationt
withthistgrandmother,thetcantnowtdescribetthetcircumstancestoftthe
tfamily‘stimmigrationtintconsiderabletdetail.

Daytaftertday,tMartintpracticesthistbasketballtskillst (shooting,tdribbling,te
tc.)tontatbasketballtcourttattatlocaltpark.tWithteachtpracticetsession,thistmo
vementstbecometfastertandtsmoother.
Lewistoccasionallytaskstforthelptwhenthethastdifficultytwiththistclasswor
k,tbuttmosttoftthettimethetjusttstrugglestquietlytonthistown.tAfterthistteach
ertassuresthimtthattaskingtforthelptistnottatsigntoftweaknesstortinability,the
tbeginstaskingtforthelptmuchtmoretfrequently.




t researchtexaminestlearningtinttightlytcontrolledtsettingstand
t researchtexaminestlearningtintreal-worldtsettings.
Applied;tBasictBasic
;tQualitativetQualitat
ive;tAppliedtBasic;tA
pplied

Atprincipletoftlearningtcantbesttbetcharacterizedtas:
Atdescriptiontoftthetresultstoftatparticulartresearchtstudy
Atstatementtthattdescribesthowtatparticulartfactortaffectstlearning
Thetmeasurementtofthowtmuchtlearningthastoccurredtintatpar
ticulartsituation
Antexplanationtoftthetunderlyingtprocessestthroughtwhichtlearningtoccurs

Attheorytoftlearningtcantbesttbetcharacterizedtas:
Atdescriptiontoftthetresultstoftatparticulartresearchtstudy
Atstatementtthattdescribesthowtatparticulartfactortaffectstlearning
Thetmeasurementtofthowtmuchtlearningthastoccurredtintatpar
ticulartsituation
Antexplanationtoftthetunderlyingtprocessestthroughtwhichtlearningtoccurs




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, Chaptert1t–tPerspectivestontLearning



Threetoftthetfollowingtaretprinciplestoftlearning.tWhichtonetistattheory
oftlearningtrathertthantatprinciple?
Atbehaviortthattistfollowedtbytpunishmenttdecreasestintfrequency.
Peopletlearntbytmakingtmentaltassociationstbetweentnewtinformationtan
dttheirtexistingtknowledge.
Atresponsetthattistrewardedteveryttimetittoccurstincreasestmoretra
pidlytthantatresponsetthattistonlytoccasionallytrewarded.
Studentsttendttotremembertmoretoftatlecturetifttheyttaketnotestontthetle
cture‘stcontent.

Whichtonetoftthetfollowingtcommontsayingstbesttreflectstthetconcepttoft
introspection?
―Wheretthere‘statwill,tthere‘statway.‖
―Nothingtventured,tnothingtgained.‖
―Atpennytfort yourtthoughts.‖
―Oldthabitstdiethard.‖

Whichtonetoftthetfollowingtcommontsayingstbesttreflectstthetbasictpr
emisetunderlyingtsocialtlearningttheory?
―Monkeytsee,tmonkeytdo.‖
―Sparetthetrodtandtspoiltthetchild.‖
―Atfriendtintneedtistatfriendtindeed.‖
―Atrollingtstonetgatherstnotmoss.‖

Whichtonetoftthetfollowingtstatementstprovidestthetmosttcredibletexplanati
ontfortthetfacttthatthumantbeingstseemttotsurpasstalltothertanimaltspeciestintth
eirtthinkingtandtlearningtcapacities?
Onlythumantbeingsthavetthetcapabilityttotmakettools.
Humanstcommunicatetregularlytwithtonetanothertand,tintdoingtso,tpa
sstalongtwhattthey‘vetlearnedttotfuturetgenerations.
Humantbeingsthavetathugetrepertoiretoftinstinctualtbehaviorstfromtw
hichttheytcantdrawtwhenttheytencountertnewtexperiences.
Humantbrainstaretsmallertthantthosetoftothertintelligenttspeciest(e.g.,tele
phants,tdolphins)tandtthereforetcanttransmittmessagestmoretquicklytandte
fficiently.




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