TEST BANK
Biochemistry: A Short Course
John L. Tymoczko, Jeremy M. Berg, Gregory J. Gatto Jr., and Lubert Stryer
4th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
1
Chapter 02 Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos
11
Chapter 03 Amino Acids
21
Chapter 04 Protein Three-Dimensional Structure
31
Chapter 05 Techniques in Protein Biochemistry
42
Chapter 06 Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action
52
Chapter 07 Kinetics and Regulation
62
Chapter 08 Mechanisms and Inhibitors
75
Chapter 09 Hemoglobin, An Allosteric Protein
86
Chapter 10 Carbohydrates
96
Chapter 11 Lipids
106
Chapter 12 Membrane Structure and Function
116
Chapter 13 Signal-Transduction Pathways
127
Chapter 14 Digestion-Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals
138
Chapter 15 Metabolism-Basic Concepts and Design
149
Chapter 16 Glycolysis
160
Chapter 17 Gluconeogenesis
170
Chapter 18 Preparation for the Cycle
180
Chapter 19 Harvesting Electrons from the Cycle
190
Chapter 20 The Electron-Transport Chain
201
Chapter 21 The Proton-Motive Force
211
Chapter 22 The Light Reactions
222
Chapter 23 The Calvin Cycle
233
Chapter 24 Glycogen Degradation
243
Chapter 25 Glycogen Synthesis
253
Chapter 26 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
263
Chapter 27 Fatty Acid Degradation
273
Chapter 28 Fatty Acid Synthesis
284
Chapter 29 Lipid Synthesis-Storage Lipids, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol
294
Chapter 30 Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle
304
Chapter 31 Amino Acid Synthesis
314
Chapter 32 Nucleotide Metabolism
324
Chapter 33 The Structure of Informational Macromolecules-DNA and RNA
335
Chapter 34 DNA Replication
345
Chapter 35 DNA Repair and Recombination
355
Chapter 36 RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Bacteria
366
Chapter 37 Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
376
Chapter 38 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
387
Chapter 39 The Genetic Code
397
Chapter 40 The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis
409
Chapter 41 Recombinant DNA Techniques 420
,Chapter 01: Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
1. What underlies the unity of biochemistry?
a. Some organisms are highly uniform at the molecular level.
b. All leaving beings are highly uniform at the organismal level.
c. Organisms are highly uniform at the cellular level.
d. All organisms are highly uniform at the molecular level.
e. Some leaving beings are highly uniform at the cellular level.
ANSWER: d
2. How many times more carbon is contained in organisms than in Earth's crust?
a. 60 times
b. 50 times
c. 9.5 times
d. 10 times
e. 100 times
ANSWER: b
3. Why is carbon preferable to be the chemical base for life?
a. Carbone dioxide is essentially insoluble in water.
b. It escapes the biochemical circulation once it is utilized.
c. The stability and strength of the carbon–carbon bonds make it a good base for larger molecular
complexes.
d. By reacting with hydrogen, it can undergo combustion, which provides organisms with energy.
e. Carbon dioxide is a strong construction material.
ANSWER: c
4. What is NOT a primary function of proteins?
a. signal receptors
b. energy storage
c. signal molecules
d. structural units
e. defensive agents
ANSWER: b
5. What does being a catalyst mean?
a. slowing down the rate of reactions to increase control over them
b. being fully utilized in the course of a reaction; causing no unnecessary change in the reaction
components
c. repeatedly enhancing the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed
d. repeatedly decreasing the rate of chemical reactions without being affected by enzymes
e. enhancing the rate of chemical reactions being permanently affected during their course to control
the environmental changes
ANSWER: c
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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SuccessShelf2 © 2025 SuccessShelf2. For Personal Use Only. All rights reserved.
, ___________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry: A Short Course, 4th Edition (Tymoczko, 2019)
6. Which structure CANNOT be a nucleotide?
a. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and at least one phosphoryl group
b. a five-carbon sugar attached to a heterocyclic ring structure and one phosphoryl group
c. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and two phosphoryl groups
d. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and four phosphoryl groups
e. a five-carbon sugar attached to a heterocyclic ring structure and three phosphoryl groups
ANSWER: d
7. What determines the nature of an organism?
a. the information stored in proteins
b. the information contained in deoxyribonucleotides
c. the information stored in the deoxyribonucleic acid
d. the information stored in biological polymers
e. the information contained in the ribonucleic acid
ANSWER: c
8. What is NOT a nucleotide?
a. adenine
b. thymine
c. uracil
d. cytosine
e. adenosine
ANSWER: e
9. Which statement about compositional differences between DNA and RNA is TRUE?
a. Ribonucleotides contain an additional hydroxyl group.
b. Ribonucleotides exploit three different bases, while deoxyribonucleotides exploit four.
c. Deoxyribonucleotides contain an additional hydroxyl group.
d. Deoxyribonucleotides contain a five-carbon sugar, whereas RNA bases contain a six-carbon sugar.
e. Ribonucleotides exploit four different bases, while deoxyribonucleotides exploit tree.
ANSWER: a
10. What is the molecular basis for establishing intracellular compartments?
a. the formation of membranous barriers due to ability of proteins to form extended linear structures
b. the ability of lipids to form barriers due to their dual properties regarding solubility in water
c. the formation of lipid barriers due to the small size of lipids
d. the development of lipid barriers due to hydrophilic interactions within lipid molecules
e. the formation of lipid barriers due to the dual nature of lipids regarding their interactions with
proteins
ANSWER: b
11. What can serve as sites of cell-to-cell interactions?
a. molecules of glycogen
b. branched chains of carbohydrates
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
Biochemistry: A Short Course
John L. Tymoczko, Jeremy M. Berg, Gregory J. Gatto Jr., and Lubert Stryer
4th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
1
Chapter 02 Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos
11
Chapter 03 Amino Acids
21
Chapter 04 Protein Three-Dimensional Structure
31
Chapter 05 Techniques in Protein Biochemistry
42
Chapter 06 Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action
52
Chapter 07 Kinetics and Regulation
62
Chapter 08 Mechanisms and Inhibitors
75
Chapter 09 Hemoglobin, An Allosteric Protein
86
Chapter 10 Carbohydrates
96
Chapter 11 Lipids
106
Chapter 12 Membrane Structure and Function
116
Chapter 13 Signal-Transduction Pathways
127
Chapter 14 Digestion-Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals
138
Chapter 15 Metabolism-Basic Concepts and Design
149
Chapter 16 Glycolysis
160
Chapter 17 Gluconeogenesis
170
Chapter 18 Preparation for the Cycle
180
Chapter 19 Harvesting Electrons from the Cycle
190
Chapter 20 The Electron-Transport Chain
201
Chapter 21 The Proton-Motive Force
211
Chapter 22 The Light Reactions
222
Chapter 23 The Calvin Cycle
233
Chapter 24 Glycogen Degradation
243
Chapter 25 Glycogen Synthesis
253
Chapter 26 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
263
Chapter 27 Fatty Acid Degradation
273
Chapter 28 Fatty Acid Synthesis
284
Chapter 29 Lipid Synthesis-Storage Lipids, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol
294
Chapter 30 Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle
304
Chapter 31 Amino Acid Synthesis
314
Chapter 32 Nucleotide Metabolism
324
Chapter 33 The Structure of Informational Macromolecules-DNA and RNA
335
Chapter 34 DNA Replication
345
Chapter 35 DNA Repair and Recombination
355
Chapter 36 RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Bacteria
366
Chapter 37 Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
376
Chapter 38 RNA Processing in Eukaryotes
387
Chapter 39 The Genetic Code
397
Chapter 40 The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis
409
Chapter 41 Recombinant DNA Techniques 420
,Chapter 01: Biochemistry and the Unity of Life
1. What underlies the unity of biochemistry?
a. Some organisms are highly uniform at the molecular level.
b. All leaving beings are highly uniform at the organismal level.
c. Organisms are highly uniform at the cellular level.
d. All organisms are highly uniform at the molecular level.
e. Some leaving beings are highly uniform at the cellular level.
ANSWER: d
2. How many times more carbon is contained in organisms than in Earth's crust?
a. 60 times
b. 50 times
c. 9.5 times
d. 10 times
e. 100 times
ANSWER: b
3. Why is carbon preferable to be the chemical base for life?
a. Carbone dioxide is essentially insoluble in water.
b. It escapes the biochemical circulation once it is utilized.
c. The stability and strength of the carbon–carbon bonds make it a good base for larger molecular
complexes.
d. By reacting with hydrogen, it can undergo combustion, which provides organisms with energy.
e. Carbon dioxide is a strong construction material.
ANSWER: c
4. What is NOT a primary function of proteins?
a. signal receptors
b. energy storage
c. signal molecules
d. structural units
e. defensive agents
ANSWER: b
5. What does being a catalyst mean?
a. slowing down the rate of reactions to increase control over them
b. being fully utilized in the course of a reaction; causing no unnecessary change in the reaction
components
c. repeatedly enhancing the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed
d. repeatedly decreasing the rate of chemical reactions without being affected by enzymes
e. enhancing the rate of chemical reactions being permanently affected during their course to control
the environmental changes
ANSWER: c
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
SuccessShelf2 © 2025 SuccessShelf2. For Personal Use Only. All rights reserved.
, ___________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biochemistry: A Short Course, 4th Edition (Tymoczko, 2019)
6. Which structure CANNOT be a nucleotide?
a. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and at least one phosphoryl group
b. a five-carbon sugar attached to a heterocyclic ring structure and one phosphoryl group
c. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and two phosphoryl groups
d. a five-carbon sugar attached to a base and four phosphoryl groups
e. a five-carbon sugar attached to a heterocyclic ring structure and three phosphoryl groups
ANSWER: d
7. What determines the nature of an organism?
a. the information stored in proteins
b. the information contained in deoxyribonucleotides
c. the information stored in the deoxyribonucleic acid
d. the information stored in biological polymers
e. the information contained in the ribonucleic acid
ANSWER: c
8. What is NOT a nucleotide?
a. adenine
b. thymine
c. uracil
d. cytosine
e. adenosine
ANSWER: e
9. Which statement about compositional differences between DNA and RNA is TRUE?
a. Ribonucleotides contain an additional hydroxyl group.
b. Ribonucleotides exploit three different bases, while deoxyribonucleotides exploit four.
c. Deoxyribonucleotides contain an additional hydroxyl group.
d. Deoxyribonucleotides contain a five-carbon sugar, whereas RNA bases contain a six-carbon sugar.
e. Ribonucleotides exploit four different bases, while deoxyribonucleotides exploit tree.
ANSWER: a
10. What is the molecular basis for establishing intracellular compartments?
a. the formation of membranous barriers due to ability of proteins to form extended linear structures
b. the ability of lipids to form barriers due to their dual properties regarding solubility in water
c. the formation of lipid barriers due to the small size of lipids
d. the development of lipid barriers due to hydrophilic interactions within lipid molecules
e. the formation of lipid barriers due to the dual nature of lipids regarding their interactions with
proteins
ANSWER: b
11. What can serve as sites of cell-to-cell interactions?
a. molecules of glycogen
b. branched chains of carbohydrates
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