PN EXIT HESI STUDY GUIDE REVIEW
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Pheochromocytoma - Answer-hypersecretion of epi/norepi. persistent HTN, increased
HR, hyperglycemia, diaphoresis, tremor, pounding HA; avoid stress, frequent bathing
and rest breaks, avoid cold and stimulating foods (surgery to remove tumor)
Tetrology of Fallot - Answer-DROP -Defect, septal, Right ventricular hypertrophy,
Overriding aortas, Pulmonary stenosis
Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-(potentially life threatening emergency!) HOB elevate
90 degrees, loosen constrictive clothing, assess for full bladder or bowel impaction,
(trigger) administer antihypertensives (may cause stroke, MI, seizure)
Position of the baby by fetal heart sounds - Answer-Posterior --heard at sides
Anterior---midline by unbilicus and side
Breech- high up in the fundus near umbilicus
Vertex- by the symphysis pubis.
ICP and Shock - Answer-ICP- Increased BP, decreased pulse, decreased resp
Shock--Decreased BP, increased pulse, increased resp
Cor pumonae - Answer-Right sided heart failure caused by left ventricular failure
edema, jugular vein distention
Heroin withdrawal neonate - Answer-irritable, poor sucking
brachial pulse - Answer-pulse area on an infant
lead poisoning - Answer-test at 12 months of age
Before starting IV antibiotics - Answer-obtain cultures!
pt with leukemia may have - Answer-epistaxis due to low platelets
when a pt comes in and is in active labor - Answer-first action of nurse is to listen to
fetal heart tones/rate
ARDS and DIC - Answer-are always secondary to another disease or trauma
ARDS:Severe shortness of breath
•Labored and unusually rapid breathing
,•Low blood pressure
•Confusion and extreme tiredness
Edema is located - Answer-in the interstitial space, not the cardiovascular space
(outside of the circulatory system)
the best indicator of dehydration? - Answer-weight---and skin turgor
heat/cold - Answer-hot for chronic pain; cold for accute pain (sprain etc)
pneumonia - Answer-fever and chills are usually present. For the elderly confusion is
often present.
COPD and O2 - Answer-with COPD baroreceptors that detect CO2 level are destroyed,
therefore, O2 must kept low because high O2 concentration takes away the pt's
stimulation to breathe.
Prednisone toxicity - Answer-Cushings-buffalo hump, moon face, high blood sugar,
HTN)
Neutropenic pts - Answer-no fresh fruits or flowers
Chest tubes are placed - Answer-in the pleural space
Preload/Afterload - Answer-Preload affects the amount of blood going into Right
ventricle. Afterload is the systemic resistance after leaving the heart.
CABG - Answer-Great Saphenous vein in leg is taken and turned inside out (because of
valves inside) . Used for bypass surgery of the heart.
1 tsp - Answer-5 mL
1 oz - Answer-30 mL
1 cup - Answer-8 oz
1 quart - Answer-2 pints
1 pint - Answer-2 cups
1 g (gram) - Answer-1000 mg
1 kg - Answer-2.2 lbs
I lb - Answer-16 oz
,After endoscopy - Answer-check gag reflex
TPN given in - Answer-subclavian line
pain with diverticulitis - Answer-located in LLQ
appendicitis pain - Answer-located in RLQ
Trousseau and Chvostek's signs observed in - Answer-Hypocalcemia
never give K+ in - Answer-IV push
DKA is rare - Answer-in DM II (there is enough insulin to prevent fat breakdown)
Glaucoma patients lose - Answer-peripheral vision.
Autonomic dysreflexia - Answer-patients with spinal cord injuries are at risk for
developing autonomic dyreflexia (T-7 or above)
Spinal shock occurs - Answer-immediately after injury
multiple sclerosis - Answer-myelin sheath destruction. disruptions in nerve impulse
conduction
Myasthenia gravis - Answer-decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine. weakness
observed in muscles, eyes mastication and pharyngeal musles. watch for aspiration.
Gullian -Barre syndrome - Answer-ascending paralysis. watch for respiratory problems.
TIA - Answer-transient ischemic attack....mini stroke, no dead tissue.
CVA - Answer-cerebriovascular accident. brain tissue dies.
Hodgkin's disease - Answer-cancer of the lymph. very curable in early stages
birth weight - Answer-doubles by 6 months
triples by 1 year
early sign of cystic fibrosis : mucus blocks in lungs - Answer-meconium in ileus at birth
Meningitis--check for - Answer-Kernig's/ brudinski's signs
wilm's tumor - Answer-encapsulated above kidneys...causes flank pain
hemophilia is x linked - Answer-passed from mother to son
, buck's traction - Answer-knee immobility:widely used in the lower limb for femoral
fractures, lower backache, acetabular and hip fractures.
russell traction - Answer-femur or lower leg
dunlap traction - Answer-skeletal or skin
bryant's traction - Answer-children <3 y <35 lbs with femur fx
eclampsia is - Answer-a seizure
perform amniocentesis - Answer-before 20 weeks to check for cardiac and pulmonary
abnormalities
Rh mothers receive Rhogam - Answer-to protect next baby
anterior fontanelle closes by...posterior by.. - Answer-AF -18 months, PF - 6-8 weeks
caput succedaneum - Answer-diffuse edema of the fetal scalp that crosses the suture
lines. reabsorbes within 1 to 3 days
pathological jaundice occurs:
physiological jaundice occurs: - Answer-before 24 hours (lasts 7 days)
after 24 hours
placenta previa s/s
placental abrution s/s - Answer-previa - there is no pain, but there is bleeding
abrution - there is pain, but no bleeding (board like abd)
bethamethasone (celestone) - Answer-surfactant. premature babies
milieu therapy - Answer-taking care of pt and environmental therapy
cognitive therapy - Answer-counseling
SSRI's - Answer-take about 3 weeks to work
patients with hallucinations
patients with delusions - Answer-redirect them
distract them
Thorazine and Haldol: - Answer-can cause EPS: such as akathisia, dystonia,
psuedoparkinsonism, and dyskinesia, are drug-induced side effects
Alzheimer's - Answer-60% of all dementias, chronic, progressive degenerative cognitive
disorder.
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Pheochromocytoma - Answer-hypersecretion of epi/norepi. persistent HTN, increased
HR, hyperglycemia, diaphoresis, tremor, pounding HA; avoid stress, frequent bathing
and rest breaks, avoid cold and stimulating foods (surgery to remove tumor)
Tetrology of Fallot - Answer-DROP -Defect, septal, Right ventricular hypertrophy,
Overriding aortas, Pulmonary stenosis
Autonomic Dysreflexia - Answer-(potentially life threatening emergency!) HOB elevate
90 degrees, loosen constrictive clothing, assess for full bladder or bowel impaction,
(trigger) administer antihypertensives (may cause stroke, MI, seizure)
Position of the baby by fetal heart sounds - Answer-Posterior --heard at sides
Anterior---midline by unbilicus and side
Breech- high up in the fundus near umbilicus
Vertex- by the symphysis pubis.
ICP and Shock - Answer-ICP- Increased BP, decreased pulse, decreased resp
Shock--Decreased BP, increased pulse, increased resp
Cor pumonae - Answer-Right sided heart failure caused by left ventricular failure
edema, jugular vein distention
Heroin withdrawal neonate - Answer-irritable, poor sucking
brachial pulse - Answer-pulse area on an infant
lead poisoning - Answer-test at 12 months of age
Before starting IV antibiotics - Answer-obtain cultures!
pt with leukemia may have - Answer-epistaxis due to low platelets
when a pt comes in and is in active labor - Answer-first action of nurse is to listen to
fetal heart tones/rate
ARDS and DIC - Answer-are always secondary to another disease or trauma
ARDS:Severe shortness of breath
•Labored and unusually rapid breathing
,•Low blood pressure
•Confusion and extreme tiredness
Edema is located - Answer-in the interstitial space, not the cardiovascular space
(outside of the circulatory system)
the best indicator of dehydration? - Answer-weight---and skin turgor
heat/cold - Answer-hot for chronic pain; cold for accute pain (sprain etc)
pneumonia - Answer-fever and chills are usually present. For the elderly confusion is
often present.
COPD and O2 - Answer-with COPD baroreceptors that detect CO2 level are destroyed,
therefore, O2 must kept low because high O2 concentration takes away the pt's
stimulation to breathe.
Prednisone toxicity - Answer-Cushings-buffalo hump, moon face, high blood sugar,
HTN)
Neutropenic pts - Answer-no fresh fruits or flowers
Chest tubes are placed - Answer-in the pleural space
Preload/Afterload - Answer-Preload affects the amount of blood going into Right
ventricle. Afterload is the systemic resistance after leaving the heart.
CABG - Answer-Great Saphenous vein in leg is taken and turned inside out (because of
valves inside) . Used for bypass surgery of the heart.
1 tsp - Answer-5 mL
1 oz - Answer-30 mL
1 cup - Answer-8 oz
1 quart - Answer-2 pints
1 pint - Answer-2 cups
1 g (gram) - Answer-1000 mg
1 kg - Answer-2.2 lbs
I lb - Answer-16 oz
,After endoscopy - Answer-check gag reflex
TPN given in - Answer-subclavian line
pain with diverticulitis - Answer-located in LLQ
appendicitis pain - Answer-located in RLQ
Trousseau and Chvostek's signs observed in - Answer-Hypocalcemia
never give K+ in - Answer-IV push
DKA is rare - Answer-in DM II (there is enough insulin to prevent fat breakdown)
Glaucoma patients lose - Answer-peripheral vision.
Autonomic dysreflexia - Answer-patients with spinal cord injuries are at risk for
developing autonomic dyreflexia (T-7 or above)
Spinal shock occurs - Answer-immediately after injury
multiple sclerosis - Answer-myelin sheath destruction. disruptions in nerve impulse
conduction
Myasthenia gravis - Answer-decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine. weakness
observed in muscles, eyes mastication and pharyngeal musles. watch for aspiration.
Gullian -Barre syndrome - Answer-ascending paralysis. watch for respiratory problems.
TIA - Answer-transient ischemic attack....mini stroke, no dead tissue.
CVA - Answer-cerebriovascular accident. brain tissue dies.
Hodgkin's disease - Answer-cancer of the lymph. very curable in early stages
birth weight - Answer-doubles by 6 months
triples by 1 year
early sign of cystic fibrosis : mucus blocks in lungs - Answer-meconium in ileus at birth
Meningitis--check for - Answer-Kernig's/ brudinski's signs
wilm's tumor - Answer-encapsulated above kidneys...causes flank pain
hemophilia is x linked - Answer-passed from mother to son
, buck's traction - Answer-knee immobility:widely used in the lower limb for femoral
fractures, lower backache, acetabular and hip fractures.
russell traction - Answer-femur or lower leg
dunlap traction - Answer-skeletal or skin
bryant's traction - Answer-children <3 y <35 lbs with femur fx
eclampsia is - Answer-a seizure
perform amniocentesis - Answer-before 20 weeks to check for cardiac and pulmonary
abnormalities
Rh mothers receive Rhogam - Answer-to protect next baby
anterior fontanelle closes by...posterior by.. - Answer-AF -18 months, PF - 6-8 weeks
caput succedaneum - Answer-diffuse edema of the fetal scalp that crosses the suture
lines. reabsorbes within 1 to 3 days
pathological jaundice occurs:
physiological jaundice occurs: - Answer-before 24 hours (lasts 7 days)
after 24 hours
placenta previa s/s
placental abrution s/s - Answer-previa - there is no pain, but there is bleeding
abrution - there is pain, but no bleeding (board like abd)
bethamethasone (celestone) - Answer-surfactant. premature babies
milieu therapy - Answer-taking care of pt and environmental therapy
cognitive therapy - Answer-counseling
SSRI's - Answer-take about 3 weeks to work
patients with hallucinations
patients with delusions - Answer-redirect them
distract them
Thorazine and Haldol: - Answer-can cause EPS: such as akathisia, dystonia,
psuedoparkinsonism, and dyskinesia, are drug-induced side effects
Alzheimer's - Answer-60% of all dementias, chronic, progressive degenerative cognitive
disorder.
