DEP Exam 2 Questions with Correct
Detailed Answers
What are some important contributors to height differences among children? - Answer-Ethnic origin
and nutrition
What is autobiographical memory? - Answer-Involves memory of significant events and experiences in
one's life.
Make sure you know the different sleep problems that can experience. - Answer-Sleep problems are
linked with negative outcomes such as attention problems, worse school readiness profile, being
overweight, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
What are the characteristics of and outcomes for childhood obesity? - Answer-Obesity is determined by
BMI. Some prevention guidelines are five or more servings of fruits and vegetables. Two or less hours of
screen time. Minimum of one-hour physical activity and zero sugar sweetened drinks.
How does the child conceptualize the world during the preoperational stage of cognitive development? -
Answer-A child represents the world with words, images, and drawings. They form stable concepts and
begin to reason.
What abilities does a child have during the preoperational stage...and what can't the child do? - Answer-
The child can perform operations like reversible mental actions that allow them to do mentally what
, they formerly did physically. Cannot understand concentration and conservation. Child has egocentrism
and animism
What does Piaget mean by egocentricity? - Answer-The inability to distinguish between one's own
perspective and someone else's.
What is animism? - Answer-The belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of
action.
What, according to Vygotsky, is the zone of proximal development? - Answer-The range of tasks is too
difficult for the child alone but can be learned with guidance.
How should the more knowledgeable other structure information that is presented to the less
knowledgeable other? - Answer-In Vygotsky's zone of proximal development there is a lower limit and
an upper limit. The tasks in the ZPD are too difficult for the child to perform alone. They require
assistance from an adult or more skilled child.
What is the relationship between thought and language according to Vygotsky? - Answer-Children use
speech to communicate socially to help them solve tasks. Young children use language to plan, guide,
and monitor their behavior.
What is short-term memory? - Answer-Retaining information for up to 30 seconds with no rehearsal.
Make sure you understand the cognitive benefits of development of the prefrontal cortex. - Answer-The
development of the brain's prefrontal cortex has been linked to the development of children's executive
function. Executive function can be defined as an umbrella-like concept that consists of several higher-
level cognitive processes linked to the brain's prefrontal cortex development.
What is theory of mind and how does it benefit the developing child? - Answer-Awareness of one's own
mental processes and the mental processes of others. Helps children understand three mental states,
perceptions, emotions, and desires.
Detailed Answers
What are some important contributors to height differences among children? - Answer-Ethnic origin
and nutrition
What is autobiographical memory? - Answer-Involves memory of significant events and experiences in
one's life.
Make sure you know the different sleep problems that can experience. - Answer-Sleep problems are
linked with negative outcomes such as attention problems, worse school readiness profile, being
overweight, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
What are the characteristics of and outcomes for childhood obesity? - Answer-Obesity is determined by
BMI. Some prevention guidelines are five or more servings of fruits and vegetables. Two or less hours of
screen time. Minimum of one-hour physical activity and zero sugar sweetened drinks.
How does the child conceptualize the world during the preoperational stage of cognitive development? -
Answer-A child represents the world with words, images, and drawings. They form stable concepts and
begin to reason.
What abilities does a child have during the preoperational stage...and what can't the child do? - Answer-
The child can perform operations like reversible mental actions that allow them to do mentally what
, they formerly did physically. Cannot understand concentration and conservation. Child has egocentrism
and animism
What does Piaget mean by egocentricity? - Answer-The inability to distinguish between one's own
perspective and someone else's.
What is animism? - Answer-The belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of
action.
What, according to Vygotsky, is the zone of proximal development? - Answer-The range of tasks is too
difficult for the child alone but can be learned with guidance.
How should the more knowledgeable other structure information that is presented to the less
knowledgeable other? - Answer-In Vygotsky's zone of proximal development there is a lower limit and
an upper limit. The tasks in the ZPD are too difficult for the child to perform alone. They require
assistance from an adult or more skilled child.
What is the relationship between thought and language according to Vygotsky? - Answer-Children use
speech to communicate socially to help them solve tasks. Young children use language to plan, guide,
and monitor their behavior.
What is short-term memory? - Answer-Retaining information for up to 30 seconds with no rehearsal.
Make sure you understand the cognitive benefits of development of the prefrontal cortex. - Answer-The
development of the brain's prefrontal cortex has been linked to the development of children's executive
function. Executive function can be defined as an umbrella-like concept that consists of several higher-
level cognitive processes linked to the brain's prefrontal cortex development.
What is theory of mind and how does it benefit the developing child? - Answer-Awareness of one's own
mental processes and the mental processes of others. Helps children understand three mental states,
perceptions, emotions, and desires.
