Chapter 13 Test bank, Chapter 14 Test Bank
question/answer graded A+ 2024/2025
T or F
Motivation is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their
efforts to accomplish a goal. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
According to some industrial psychologists, Performance = Motivation × Ability. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to industrial psychology, job performance is an additive function of
motivation, ability, and situational constraints. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Needs are defined in the text as the physical requirements that must be met to ensure
survival. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
The use of need-satisfaction theories to determine what motivates employees is not a
straightforward task because different theories have identified different needs
categories. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, people are motivated by a need for
power, achievement, and affiliation. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Once lower-order needs are satisfied, it is difficult to predict which higher-order needs
will motivate behavior. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
An intrinsic reward is a reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own
sake. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
,The attractive power of pay and benefits as a reward to motivate workers is strong from
recruitment to retirement, declines over time, and is typically only strong during the early
phases of a career. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
The basic components of equity theory are outcomes, instrumentality, and valence. -
✔️✔️F
T or F
The two kinds of inequity are underreward and overreward. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Overreward frequently causes inequity. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards. -
✔️✔️F
T or F
Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward
allocation decisions. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Expectancy theory describes motivation as a primarily unconscious process. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to expectancy theory, instrumentality is strong when employees believe that
improved performance will lead to better and more rewards. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
The four kinds of reinforcement contingencies are positive reinforcement, negative
reinforcement, punishment, and extinction - ✔️✔️T
T or F
,Both negative reinforcement and punishment weaken behavior (i.e., decrease its
frequency). - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to equity theory, it is objective reality rather than employee perceptions that
determines employee motivation - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Punishment is also called avoidance learning. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
For punishment to work, the punishment must be strong enough to stop the undesired
behavior and must be administered objectively, impersonally, consistently and
contingently, and quickly. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Goal specificity is the extent to which a goal is hard or challenging to accomplish. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
One of the simplest, most effective ways to motivate workers is to give them specific,
challenging goals that they accept. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Rationalizing or distorting outcomes may be used when other ways to restore equity
aren't available. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
For goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers must provide frequent,
specific, performance-related feedback. - ✔️✔️T
According to the text, ____ is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people
persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal.
a.
attitude
b.
self-management
c.
persistence
d.
, motivation
e.
compliance - ✔️✔️D
The three components of ____ are initiation of effort, direction of effort, and persistence
of effort.
a.
compliance
b.
self-management
c.
motivation
d.
performance
e.
efficiency - ✔️✔️C
According to some industrial psychologists, ____ is a function of motivation times ability
times situational constraints.
a.
leadership skill
b.
creativity
c.
job performance
d.
performance valence
e.
compliance - ✔️✔️C
According to some industrial psychologists, job performance is a(n) ____ function of
motivation, ability, and situational constraints.
a.
circular
b.
multiplicative
c.
nonlinear
d.
additive
e.
corollary - ✔️✔️B
Asa and Ruby both sell insurance. Asa is married, has three children, and a new house.
Ruby is single and has recently purchased a new Lexus. According to some industrial
psychologists ____.
question/answer graded A+ 2024/2025
T or F
Motivation is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their
efforts to accomplish a goal. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
According to some industrial psychologists, Performance = Motivation × Ability. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to industrial psychology, job performance is an additive function of
motivation, ability, and situational constraints. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Needs are defined in the text as the physical requirements that must be met to ensure
survival. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
The use of need-satisfaction theories to determine what motivates employees is not a
straightforward task because different theories have identified different needs
categories. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
According to McClelland's Learned Needs Theory, people are motivated by a need for
power, achievement, and affiliation. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Once lower-order needs are satisfied, it is difficult to predict which higher-order needs
will motivate behavior. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
An intrinsic reward is a reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own
sake. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
,The attractive power of pay and benefits as a reward to motivate workers is strong from
recruitment to retirement, declines over time, and is typically only strong during the early
phases of a career. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
The basic components of equity theory are outcomes, instrumentality, and valence. -
✔️✔️F
T or F
The two kinds of inequity are underreward and overreward. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Overreward frequently causes inequity. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards. -
✔️✔️F
T or F
Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward
allocation decisions. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Expectancy theory describes motivation as a primarily unconscious process. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to expectancy theory, instrumentality is strong when employees believe that
improved performance will lead to better and more rewards. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
The four kinds of reinforcement contingencies are positive reinforcement, negative
reinforcement, punishment, and extinction - ✔️✔️T
T or F
,Both negative reinforcement and punishment weaken behavior (i.e., decrease its
frequency). - ✔️✔️F
T or F
According to equity theory, it is objective reality rather than employee perceptions that
determines employee motivation - ✔️✔️F
T or F
Punishment is also called avoidance learning. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
For punishment to work, the punishment must be strong enough to stop the undesired
behavior and must be administered objectively, impersonally, consistently and
contingently, and quickly. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Goal specificity is the extent to which a goal is hard or challenging to accomplish. - ✔️✔️F
T or F
One of the simplest, most effective ways to motivate workers is to give them specific,
challenging goals that they accept. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
Rationalizing or distorting outcomes may be used when other ways to restore equity
aren't available. - ✔️✔️T
T or F
For goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers must provide frequent,
specific, performance-related feedback. - ✔️✔️T
According to the text, ____ is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people
persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal.
a.
attitude
b.
self-management
c.
persistence
d.
, motivation
e.
compliance - ✔️✔️D
The three components of ____ are initiation of effort, direction of effort, and persistence
of effort.
a.
compliance
b.
self-management
c.
motivation
d.
performance
e.
efficiency - ✔️✔️C
According to some industrial psychologists, ____ is a function of motivation times ability
times situational constraints.
a.
leadership skill
b.
creativity
c.
job performance
d.
performance valence
e.
compliance - ✔️✔️C
According to some industrial psychologists, job performance is a(n) ____ function of
motivation, ability, and situational constraints.
a.
circular
b.
multiplicative
c.
nonlinear
d.
additive
e.
corollary - ✔️✔️B
Asa and Ruby both sell insurance. Asa is married, has three children, and a new house.
Ruby is single and has recently purchased a new Lexus. According to some industrial
psychologists ____.
