lOMoARcPSD|26582732
HESI Exam 300
Questions with
Answers and
Explanations Latest
2025
Question: 1
The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are:
A. Potassium and chloride.
B. Potassium and phosphate.
C. Sodium and chloride.
D. Sodium and phosphate.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid.Physiological
Adaptation
Question: 2
A client has been diagnosed with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and
transferred to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) subsequent to an acute bleeding episode.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
In the ICU, continuous Heparin drip therapy is initiated. Which of the following assessment
findings indicates a positive response to Heparin therapy?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Increased fibrinogen
C. Decreased fibrin split products
D. Decreased bleeding
Answer: B
Explanation:
Effective Heparin therapy should stop the process of intravascular coagulation and result in
increased availability of fibrinogen. Heparin administration interferes with thrombin-induced
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Bleeding should cease due to the increased availability of
platelets and coagulation factors.
Physiological Adaptation
Question: 3
When obtaining a health history on a menopausal woman, which information should a nurse
recognize as a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy?
A. Family history of stroke
B. Ovaries removed before age 45
C. Frequent hot flashes and/or night sweats
D. Unexplained vaginal bleeding
Answer: D
Explanation:
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Unexplained vaginal bleeding is a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy. Family
history of stroke is not a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy. If the woman
herself had a history of stroke or other blood-clotting events, hormone therapy could be
contraindicated. Frequent hot flashes and/or night sweats can be relieved by hormone
replacement therapy. Health Promotion and Maintenance
Question: 4
The nurse is teaching parents of a newborn about feeding their infant. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. Use the defrost setting on microwave ovensto warm bottles.
B. When refrigerating formula, don’t feed the baby partially used bottles after 24 hours.
C. When using formula concentrate, mix two parts water and one part concentrate.
D. If a portion of one bottle is left for the next feeding, go ahead and add new formula to fill it.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Parents must be careful when warming bottles in a microwave oven because the milk can
become superheated. When a microwave oven is used, the defrost setting should be chosen,
and the temperature of the formula should be checked before giving it to the baby.
Refrigerated, partially used bottles should be discarded after 4 hours because the baby might
have introduced some pathogens into the formula. Returning the bottle to the refrigerator does
not destroy pathogens. Formula concentrate and water are usually mixed in a 1:1 ratio of one
part concentrate and one part water. Infants should be offered fresh formula at each feeding.
Partially used bottles should not have fresh formula added to them. Pathogens can grow in
partially used bottles of formula and be transferred to the new formula.Health Promotion and
Maintenance
Question: 5
The nurse is assessing the dental status of an 18-month-old child. How many teeth should the
nurse expect to examine?
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
A. 6
B. 8
C. 12
D. 16
Answer: C
Explanation:
In general, children begin dentition around 6 months of age. During the first 2 years of life, a
quick guide to the number of teeth a child should have is as follows: Subtract the number 6
from the number of months in the age of the child. In this example, the child is 18 months old,
so the formula is 18 – 6 = 12. An 18month-old child should have approximately 12
teeth.Health Promotion and
Maintenance
Question: 6
Which of the following physical findings indicates that an 11–12-month-old child is at risk for
developmental dysplasia of the hip?
A. Refusal to walk
B. Not pulling to a standing position
C. Negative Trendelenburg sign
D. Negative Ortolani sign
Answer: B
Explanation:
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
HESI Exam 300
Questions with
Answers and
Explanations Latest
2025
Question: 1
The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are:
A. Potassium and chloride.
B. Potassium and phosphate.
C. Sodium and chloride.
D. Sodium and phosphate.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid.Physiological
Adaptation
Question: 2
A client has been diagnosed with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and
transferred to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) subsequent to an acute bleeding episode.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
In the ICU, continuous Heparin drip therapy is initiated. Which of the following assessment
findings indicates a positive response to Heparin therapy?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Increased fibrinogen
C. Decreased fibrin split products
D. Decreased bleeding
Answer: B
Explanation:
Effective Heparin therapy should stop the process of intravascular coagulation and result in
increased availability of fibrinogen. Heparin administration interferes with thrombin-induced
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Bleeding should cease due to the increased availability of
platelets and coagulation factors.
Physiological Adaptation
Question: 3
When obtaining a health history on a menopausal woman, which information should a nurse
recognize as a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy?
A. Family history of stroke
B. Ovaries removed before age 45
C. Frequent hot flashes and/or night sweats
D. Unexplained vaginal bleeding
Answer: D
Explanation:
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Unexplained vaginal bleeding is a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy. Family
history of stroke is not a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy. If the woman
herself had a history of stroke or other blood-clotting events, hormone therapy could be
contraindicated. Frequent hot flashes and/or night sweats can be relieved by hormone
replacement therapy. Health Promotion and Maintenance
Question: 4
The nurse is teaching parents of a newborn about feeding their infant. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. Use the defrost setting on microwave ovensto warm bottles.
B. When refrigerating formula, don’t feed the baby partially used bottles after 24 hours.
C. When using formula concentrate, mix two parts water and one part concentrate.
D. If a portion of one bottle is left for the next feeding, go ahead and add new formula to fill it.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Parents must be careful when warming bottles in a microwave oven because the milk can
become superheated. When a microwave oven is used, the defrost setting should be chosen,
and the temperature of the formula should be checked before giving it to the baby.
Refrigerated, partially used bottles should be discarded after 4 hours because the baby might
have introduced some pathogens into the formula. Returning the bottle to the refrigerator does
not destroy pathogens. Formula concentrate and water are usually mixed in a 1:1 ratio of one
part concentrate and one part water. Infants should be offered fresh formula at each feeding.
Partially used bottles should not have fresh formula added to them. Pathogens can grow in
partially used bottles of formula and be transferred to the new formula.Health Promotion and
Maintenance
Question: 5
The nurse is assessing the dental status of an 18-month-old child. How many teeth should the
nurse expect to examine?
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
A. 6
B. 8
C. 12
D. 16
Answer: C
Explanation:
In general, children begin dentition around 6 months of age. During the first 2 years of life, a
quick guide to the number of teeth a child should have is as follows: Subtract the number 6
from the number of months in the age of the child. In this example, the child is 18 months old,
so the formula is 18 – 6 = 12. An 18month-old child should have approximately 12
teeth.Health Promotion and
Maintenance
Question: 6
Which of the following physical findings indicates that an 11–12-month-old child is at risk for
developmental dysplasia of the hip?
A. Refusal to walk
B. Not pulling to a standing position
C. Negative Trendelenburg sign
D. Negative Ortolani sign
Answer: B
Explanation:
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
