WGU C100 Humanities FINAL EXAM
Study Guide WITH COMPLETE GUIDE
Classical Period Acronym (BRTH PRD) - ANS BRTH- Balance, Reason, Truth,
Humanism
PRD- Polytheism, Republic, Democracy
Renaissance Period Acronym (RUSH RoCS - Michealangelos Rock sculpture) - ANS
RUSH- Reformation, University System, Scientific Expansion, Humanism
RoCS- Rebirth of Classicism & Self fashioning
Neoclassical &
Enlightenment Period Acronym (CORDES- classical cords) - ANS CORDES-
Classicism, Order, Rationalism, Deism, Empiricism, Skepticism
Romantic Period Acronym (INNER HP- Inner romantic hero & passion) - ANS
INNER- Individiualism, Nationalism, Nature, Exoticism, Revolution
HP- Heroism, Passion
Realism Period Acronym (I ID AoD - I Identify Age of Doubt) - ANS I- Industrialization
ID- Individualism, Darwinism
AoD- Age of Doubt
Classical Period - ANS artists and philosophers were concerned with harmony and
balance* in their works
Classical Philosophers - ANS Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
engaged in pursuit of truth through logic and reason.
Classical Period - ANS democracy and republic governments formed
Classical religion - ANS mainly polytheistic
Classical theme - ANS humanism—simply a focus on humans.
Socratic Method - ANS where questions and ideas were shared to solve problems in
an open discussion. Classical Period.
,Greek Epic Poetry - ANS Homer's The Iliad and The Odyssey. Which use exalted
language and celebrate the cultural values of the heroic age. Classical Period.
Greek Lyrical Poetry - ANS poetry that explored everyday objects using more intimate
language. Followed Epic Poetry. Classical Period
Roman poetry - ANS poetry that follows much of the form and content of Greek
poetry while exalting the Roman Empire.
The Greek poet Sappho explored human emotions, such as love and desire, in her
poem "A Lament for Adonis." Classical Period.
Classical Period Theater - ANS theater structure that laid the foundations for theater
as we know it today. It addressed period themes such as humanism, truth, balance, and
the essence of life. It included such literary devices as foreshadowing, tragic irony,
reversal of fortune, double entendre, discovery, and use of a chorus.
Sophocles and Aristophanes - ANS 2 notable playwrights (theater writers) in
Classical Period.
Classical Period Art & Architecture - ANS Ancient Greek art and architecture served
to promote religion, present beauty, and glorify Athenian society. Ancient Roman art and
architecture focused on themes of power, military victory, and heroism.
contrapposto - ANS a life-like stance in which the figure's weight rests on one leg.
The resulting dip of a shoulder balances the rise of a hip to create a dynamic pose.
Classic Period.
Classic Period Architecture - ANS focused on balance and symmetry. Greek temples
featured columns, topped with a capital*, which supported the entablature*, a decorative
area that featured painted or carved friezes*. The triangular shaped roof ends contained
more sculptures called pediments*. Perhaps the most notable Ancient Greek structure
is the Parthenon, which features Doric order columns. The Parthenon once housed a
large statue of Athena covered in gold.
Capital - ANS Top part of the column between the Column and the Entablature.
Classic Period.
Entablature - ANS Horizontal layers of the building that are supported by columns or
walls. Classic Period.
,Friezes - ANS Broad horizontal band that is sculpted or that is painted. Usually on the
wall or near the ceiling. Classic period.
Pediment - ANS The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style.
Classic period.
Classical Period Music - ANS typically consisted of simple four note successions
played as a perfect fourth, drawing similarities to the Middle Eastern tradition of music.
The played a variety of instruments, including the lyre, a stringed instrument similar to a
harp.
Lyre - ANS a stringed instrument similar to a harp. Classic Period.
The incubator of western civilization - ANS Greece and Rome's proximity to the
Mediterranean Sea. It facilitated cultural exchange among the ancient civilizations in
southern Europe, western Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Classic Period.
Kouros. - ANS The Greeks borrowed the proportions of the three-dimensional
sculptures of the ancient Egyptians in developing the life-like male, human figure.
Classic Period.
Classical Period - ANS The Greeks borrowed the alphabet of the Phoenicians and
imitated Egyptian mythological creatures and artistic motifs in their artwork.
Silk Road - ANS provided access to Asia and brought the valuable Chinese good of
silk to the Romans. In return, the Romans sent their glass to the east. It also opened the
door for Eastern religions—such as Buddhism, Manichaeism, and Daoism—to spread to
Europe. Christianity also spread quickly along the same trade route. Classical Period.
Classical Period influences - ANS They can be seen in the United States today in the
political system because of democracy and republic, in architecture through Lincolns
estate, and in the arts as in "O Brother Where Art Thou" & retelling of "The Odyssey".
Renaissance Period - ANS French for "rebirth," was characterized by a revival of
classical art, literature, philosophy, architecture, and an emphasis on humanism.
Renaissance Period - ANS This cultural flourish overlapped the Age of Discovery and
advancements in science, thus making science a legitimate source of knowledge.
, Renaissance Period - ANS
Urbanization - ANS Cities accumulated wealth and channeled some of this newfound
wealth into funding the arts. Artists applied scientific principles to solve problems of
perspective and devised new techniques for representing light and shade. Renaissance
Period.
Renaissance Period - ANS Rebirth of Classicism: there was a rebirth of classical
ideals, mainly humanism, rationalism, and balance, based on the belief that classical
literary, scientific, and philosophical works provided additional resources for learning
and living.
Rationalism & Scientific Expansion - ANS Many people in the Renaissance embodied
a strong interest in rationalism and scientific inquiry, leading to deeper understanding of
the world and technological developments in such areas as medicine, transportation,
and warfare.
Expansion of the University System - ANS The Renaissance approach to education
produced the ideal of the well-rounded individual who was not bound to any one
discipline. As the university system spread across Europe, it represented a significant
change in epistemology.
epistemology - ANS The study of thinking. Renaissance Period.
Individualism & Self-fashioning - ANS This became important during the Renaissance
as artists sought public recognition and reputation. Artists and nobles represented their
identity with choices in dress and behavior, a process known as self-fashioning.
Reformation - ANS Took place in the form of Protestantism, sparked by Martin
Luther's outspoken disagreement with many Church practices he believed were corrupt.
Changing the Roman Catholic Church was a very significant movement in the
Renaissance that separated it from the Middle Ages.
Renaissance Period - ANS Witnessed the revival of classical art, literature,
philosophy, architecture, and learning,
spawned renewed study of the great works of ancient Greco-Roman civilizations, and
produced among the finest artistic and intellectual achievements in the history of
Western Humanities.
Study Guide WITH COMPLETE GUIDE
Classical Period Acronym (BRTH PRD) - ANS BRTH- Balance, Reason, Truth,
Humanism
PRD- Polytheism, Republic, Democracy
Renaissance Period Acronym (RUSH RoCS - Michealangelos Rock sculpture) - ANS
RUSH- Reformation, University System, Scientific Expansion, Humanism
RoCS- Rebirth of Classicism & Self fashioning
Neoclassical &
Enlightenment Period Acronym (CORDES- classical cords) - ANS CORDES-
Classicism, Order, Rationalism, Deism, Empiricism, Skepticism
Romantic Period Acronym (INNER HP- Inner romantic hero & passion) - ANS
INNER- Individiualism, Nationalism, Nature, Exoticism, Revolution
HP- Heroism, Passion
Realism Period Acronym (I ID AoD - I Identify Age of Doubt) - ANS I- Industrialization
ID- Individualism, Darwinism
AoD- Age of Doubt
Classical Period - ANS artists and philosophers were concerned with harmony and
balance* in their works
Classical Philosophers - ANS Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
engaged in pursuit of truth through logic and reason.
Classical Period - ANS democracy and republic governments formed
Classical religion - ANS mainly polytheistic
Classical theme - ANS humanism—simply a focus on humans.
Socratic Method - ANS where questions and ideas were shared to solve problems in
an open discussion. Classical Period.
,Greek Epic Poetry - ANS Homer's The Iliad and The Odyssey. Which use exalted
language and celebrate the cultural values of the heroic age. Classical Period.
Greek Lyrical Poetry - ANS poetry that explored everyday objects using more intimate
language. Followed Epic Poetry. Classical Period
Roman poetry - ANS poetry that follows much of the form and content of Greek
poetry while exalting the Roman Empire.
The Greek poet Sappho explored human emotions, such as love and desire, in her
poem "A Lament for Adonis." Classical Period.
Classical Period Theater - ANS theater structure that laid the foundations for theater
as we know it today. It addressed period themes such as humanism, truth, balance, and
the essence of life. It included such literary devices as foreshadowing, tragic irony,
reversal of fortune, double entendre, discovery, and use of a chorus.
Sophocles and Aristophanes - ANS 2 notable playwrights (theater writers) in
Classical Period.
Classical Period Art & Architecture - ANS Ancient Greek art and architecture served
to promote religion, present beauty, and glorify Athenian society. Ancient Roman art and
architecture focused on themes of power, military victory, and heroism.
contrapposto - ANS a life-like stance in which the figure's weight rests on one leg.
The resulting dip of a shoulder balances the rise of a hip to create a dynamic pose.
Classic Period.
Classic Period Architecture - ANS focused on balance and symmetry. Greek temples
featured columns, topped with a capital*, which supported the entablature*, a decorative
area that featured painted or carved friezes*. The triangular shaped roof ends contained
more sculptures called pediments*. Perhaps the most notable Ancient Greek structure
is the Parthenon, which features Doric order columns. The Parthenon once housed a
large statue of Athena covered in gold.
Capital - ANS Top part of the column between the Column and the Entablature.
Classic Period.
Entablature - ANS Horizontal layers of the building that are supported by columns or
walls. Classic Period.
,Friezes - ANS Broad horizontal band that is sculpted or that is painted. Usually on the
wall or near the ceiling. Classic period.
Pediment - ANS The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style.
Classic period.
Classical Period Music - ANS typically consisted of simple four note successions
played as a perfect fourth, drawing similarities to the Middle Eastern tradition of music.
The played a variety of instruments, including the lyre, a stringed instrument similar to a
harp.
Lyre - ANS a stringed instrument similar to a harp. Classic Period.
The incubator of western civilization - ANS Greece and Rome's proximity to the
Mediterranean Sea. It facilitated cultural exchange among the ancient civilizations in
southern Europe, western Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Classic Period.
Kouros. - ANS The Greeks borrowed the proportions of the three-dimensional
sculptures of the ancient Egyptians in developing the life-like male, human figure.
Classic Period.
Classical Period - ANS The Greeks borrowed the alphabet of the Phoenicians and
imitated Egyptian mythological creatures and artistic motifs in their artwork.
Silk Road - ANS provided access to Asia and brought the valuable Chinese good of
silk to the Romans. In return, the Romans sent their glass to the east. It also opened the
door for Eastern religions—such as Buddhism, Manichaeism, and Daoism—to spread to
Europe. Christianity also spread quickly along the same trade route. Classical Period.
Classical Period influences - ANS They can be seen in the United States today in the
political system because of democracy and republic, in architecture through Lincolns
estate, and in the arts as in "O Brother Where Art Thou" & retelling of "The Odyssey".
Renaissance Period - ANS French for "rebirth," was characterized by a revival of
classical art, literature, philosophy, architecture, and an emphasis on humanism.
Renaissance Period - ANS This cultural flourish overlapped the Age of Discovery and
advancements in science, thus making science a legitimate source of knowledge.
, Renaissance Period - ANS
Urbanization - ANS Cities accumulated wealth and channeled some of this newfound
wealth into funding the arts. Artists applied scientific principles to solve problems of
perspective and devised new techniques for representing light and shade. Renaissance
Period.
Renaissance Period - ANS Rebirth of Classicism: there was a rebirth of classical
ideals, mainly humanism, rationalism, and balance, based on the belief that classical
literary, scientific, and philosophical works provided additional resources for learning
and living.
Rationalism & Scientific Expansion - ANS Many people in the Renaissance embodied
a strong interest in rationalism and scientific inquiry, leading to deeper understanding of
the world and technological developments in such areas as medicine, transportation,
and warfare.
Expansion of the University System - ANS The Renaissance approach to education
produced the ideal of the well-rounded individual who was not bound to any one
discipline. As the university system spread across Europe, it represented a significant
change in epistemology.
epistemology - ANS The study of thinking. Renaissance Period.
Individualism & Self-fashioning - ANS This became important during the Renaissance
as artists sought public recognition and reputation. Artists and nobles represented their
identity with choices in dress and behavior, a process known as self-fashioning.
Reformation - ANS Took place in the form of Protestantism, sparked by Martin
Luther's outspoken disagreement with many Church practices he believed were corrupt.
Changing the Roman Catholic Church was a very significant movement in the
Renaissance that separated it from the Middle Ages.
Renaissance Period - ANS Witnessed the revival of classical art, literature,
philosophy, architecture, and learning,
spawned renewed study of the great works of ancient Greco-Roman civilizations, and
produced among the finest artistic and intellectual achievements in the history of
Western Humanities.
