ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN DISEASES AND
CONDITIONS FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Congenital diseases are - ANS-always fatal.
always genetic.
always non-genetic.
*none of the above
Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy - ANS-is progressive and causes crippling and immobility.
Cerebral palsy is - ANS-a result of damage to the central nervous system.
Down syndrome is - ANS-a congenital form of mild to severe mental retardation.
associated with distinctive physical abnormalities and heart defects.
caused by a chromosomal abnormality.
*all of the above.
The most common cyanotic congenital heart defect, that is actually a combination of four defects, is
called - ANS-tetralogy of Fallot.
The diagnostic investigation of a congenital heart defect may include - ANS-physical examination and
patient history.
chest x-ray and blood tests.
heart catheterization and electrocardiogram.
*all of the above.
Congenital hip dysplasia - ANS-is an abnormal development of the hip joint.
Cryptorchidism is - ANS-the failure of the testicle(s) to descend into the scrotum.
Symptoms of Wilms' tumor may include - ANS-hematuria, pain, and hypertension.
The disease that involves impairment of intestinal motility, which causes obstruction of the distal
colon is called - ANS-Hirschsprung's disease
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a chronic dysfunction of the exocrine glands, primarily attacks - ANS-the lungs and
digestive system.
,The primary treatment of phenylketonuria includes - ANS-a protein restricted diet.
The production of copious thick and sticky mucus that accumulates and blocks glandular ducts is
characteristic of - ANS-cystic fibrosis
Klinefelter's syndrome and Turner's syndrome are examples of - ANS-genetic, chromosomal diseases,
which are not inherited.
Which of the following statements(s) is true about erythroblastosis fetalis? - ANS-Antibodies in the
mother's blood destroy the red blood cells of the fetus.
It is characterized in the fetus by anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of the liver
and spleen.
both (a) and (b).
Sudden infant death syndrome is - ANS-the number one cause of death in infants between 1 and 12
months.
Which of the following statements is true about lead poisoning? - ANS-The child suffering from acute
lead intoxication presents a medical emergency
Prompt and complete treatment of acute tonsillitis caused by A Betahemolytic streptococci is necessary
to prevent - ANS-rheumatic fever.
rheumatic heart disease.
kidney complications.
*all of the above.
Serious side effects of uncontrolled diarrhea in the infant or child include - ANS-dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance.
Which of the following statements is (are) true about leukemia? - ANS-It is the most common childhood
malignancy.
It is a primary malignant disease of bone marrow.
The diagnosis is confirmed by mircroscopic examination of the bone marrow.
*all of the above.
Attempts to halt premature labor include - ANS-having the mother on complete bedrest
using drug therapy to slow or halt ocntractions
giving the mother a short course of steroids to aid fetal lung maturation
*all of the above
The collapse of a seemingly healthy young athlete during a strenuous sporting event or other period
of stressful exercise is know as - ANS-hypertropic cardiomyography
Down's syndrome, a genetic syndrome, is the result of the child having ___pairs of chromosomes: - ANS-
47
The most common crippler of children is - ANS-cerebral palsy
,All females of child-bearing age capable of becoming pregnant are encouraged to take the
recommended amount of - ANS-folic acid
Hyaline membrane disease refers to - ANS-infant respiratory distress syndrome
The symptoms and signs of anemia include - ANS-pallor,weakness,ffatigability, and listlessness
an abnormal reduction of red blood cells
tachycardia, jaundice, and mental sluggishness
*all of the above
Childhood immunizations are important because - ANS-they prevent epidemics of serious contagious
diseases
Some warning signs of lead poisoning include - ANS-loss of appetite and vomiting
irritability and ataxic gait
both of the above
The birth defect in which there is a hole in the middle of the rood of the mouth is - ANS-cleft palate
A systemic disease with superficial cutaneous lesions that begin as red macules that progress to
papules then to vesicles that form crusts is - ANS-chickenpox
Pregnant women should be isolated from individuals infected with _____________to prevent perinatal
infection - ANS-rubella
A congenital spinal defect in which there is no herniation of spinal cord or meninges is called a
myelomeningocele. - ANS-False
In hydrocephalus a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull causing increased
intracranial pressure. - ANS-True
Phenylketonuria is an inborn error in metabolism of amino acids causing brain damage and mental
retardation when not treated. - ANS-True
Because anemia is a symptom of various diseases, it is important to determine the cause of the
anemia - ANS-True
Reye's syndrome has been linked with the use of aspirin to treat chickenpox and influenza. - ANS-True
Which is an example of a Schedule 1 controlled substance? - ANS-Heroin
The United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF) is: - ANS-An official standard of reference
for medications
The generic name of a medication is the: - ANS-official nonproprietary name of a drug
Signs of disease - ANS-always cause symptoms
, Predisposing factors of disease - ANS-precisely predict the occurrence of disease.
Genetic diseases may be - ANS-produced by an abnormality in or mutation of the genetic code in a
single gene.
Benign tumors - ANS-tend to remain encapsulated.
Malignant tumors - ANS-tend to infiltrate other tissue.
Cancer is - ANS-caused by external factors alone.
Which of the following states the sequence of an allergic response within the body most correctly? -
ANS-IgE antibodies enter the body and produce an allergen
Which of the following most accurately states the orderly steps in making a diagnosis? - ANS-medical
history, physical examination, diagnostic tests, diagnosis, integration of
results, treatment
Mechanical and chemical barriers, the inflammatory response, and the immune response are - ANS-risk
factors for disease.
Immunodeficiency disorders result from - ANS-an exudative response
an exudative response - ANS-disease related to age.
Pathogens cause disease by - ANS-invasion of living tissue.
The normal protective physiological response(s) to tissue injury and disease is (are) - ANS-infection.
Anaphylaxis, serum sickness, arthralgia, and status asthmaticus are - ANS-part of aging.
Smoking, drinking, nutrition, and lack of exercise are examples of - ANS-predisposing factors related to
age.
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are common viruses that produce infection. - ANS-False
The pathogenesis of a disease includes stages that can be influenced by medical intervention - ANS-True
Signs of disease are both objective and subjective - ANS-True
The symptoms of disease often signal disruption of the body's homeostasis - ANS-True
Holistic medicine focuses on the needs of the whole person. - ANS-True
The goal of the treatment of cancer is to remove the local tumor - ANS-True
Excision of tissue for microscopic examination. - ANS-mutation
CONDITIONS FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Congenital diseases are - ANS-always fatal.
always genetic.
always non-genetic.
*none of the above
Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy - ANS-is progressive and causes crippling and immobility.
Cerebral palsy is - ANS-a result of damage to the central nervous system.
Down syndrome is - ANS-a congenital form of mild to severe mental retardation.
associated with distinctive physical abnormalities and heart defects.
caused by a chromosomal abnormality.
*all of the above.
The most common cyanotic congenital heart defect, that is actually a combination of four defects, is
called - ANS-tetralogy of Fallot.
The diagnostic investigation of a congenital heart defect may include - ANS-physical examination and
patient history.
chest x-ray and blood tests.
heart catheterization and electrocardiogram.
*all of the above.
Congenital hip dysplasia - ANS-is an abnormal development of the hip joint.
Cryptorchidism is - ANS-the failure of the testicle(s) to descend into the scrotum.
Symptoms of Wilms' tumor may include - ANS-hematuria, pain, and hypertension.
The disease that involves impairment of intestinal motility, which causes obstruction of the distal
colon is called - ANS-Hirschsprung's disease
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a chronic dysfunction of the exocrine glands, primarily attacks - ANS-the lungs and
digestive system.
,The primary treatment of phenylketonuria includes - ANS-a protein restricted diet.
The production of copious thick and sticky mucus that accumulates and blocks glandular ducts is
characteristic of - ANS-cystic fibrosis
Klinefelter's syndrome and Turner's syndrome are examples of - ANS-genetic, chromosomal diseases,
which are not inherited.
Which of the following statements(s) is true about erythroblastosis fetalis? - ANS-Antibodies in the
mother's blood destroy the red blood cells of the fetus.
It is characterized in the fetus by anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of the liver
and spleen.
both (a) and (b).
Sudden infant death syndrome is - ANS-the number one cause of death in infants between 1 and 12
months.
Which of the following statements is true about lead poisoning? - ANS-The child suffering from acute
lead intoxication presents a medical emergency
Prompt and complete treatment of acute tonsillitis caused by A Betahemolytic streptococci is necessary
to prevent - ANS-rheumatic fever.
rheumatic heart disease.
kidney complications.
*all of the above.
Serious side effects of uncontrolled diarrhea in the infant or child include - ANS-dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance.
Which of the following statements is (are) true about leukemia? - ANS-It is the most common childhood
malignancy.
It is a primary malignant disease of bone marrow.
The diagnosis is confirmed by mircroscopic examination of the bone marrow.
*all of the above.
Attempts to halt premature labor include - ANS-having the mother on complete bedrest
using drug therapy to slow or halt ocntractions
giving the mother a short course of steroids to aid fetal lung maturation
*all of the above
The collapse of a seemingly healthy young athlete during a strenuous sporting event or other period
of stressful exercise is know as - ANS-hypertropic cardiomyography
Down's syndrome, a genetic syndrome, is the result of the child having ___pairs of chromosomes: - ANS-
47
The most common crippler of children is - ANS-cerebral palsy
,All females of child-bearing age capable of becoming pregnant are encouraged to take the
recommended amount of - ANS-folic acid
Hyaline membrane disease refers to - ANS-infant respiratory distress syndrome
The symptoms and signs of anemia include - ANS-pallor,weakness,ffatigability, and listlessness
an abnormal reduction of red blood cells
tachycardia, jaundice, and mental sluggishness
*all of the above
Childhood immunizations are important because - ANS-they prevent epidemics of serious contagious
diseases
Some warning signs of lead poisoning include - ANS-loss of appetite and vomiting
irritability and ataxic gait
both of the above
The birth defect in which there is a hole in the middle of the rood of the mouth is - ANS-cleft palate
A systemic disease with superficial cutaneous lesions that begin as red macules that progress to
papules then to vesicles that form crusts is - ANS-chickenpox
Pregnant women should be isolated from individuals infected with _____________to prevent perinatal
infection - ANS-rubella
A congenital spinal defect in which there is no herniation of spinal cord or meninges is called a
myelomeningocele. - ANS-False
In hydrocephalus a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull causing increased
intracranial pressure. - ANS-True
Phenylketonuria is an inborn error in metabolism of amino acids causing brain damage and mental
retardation when not treated. - ANS-True
Because anemia is a symptom of various diseases, it is important to determine the cause of the
anemia - ANS-True
Reye's syndrome has been linked with the use of aspirin to treat chickenpox and influenza. - ANS-True
Which is an example of a Schedule 1 controlled substance? - ANS-Heroin
The United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF) is: - ANS-An official standard of reference
for medications
The generic name of a medication is the: - ANS-official nonproprietary name of a drug
Signs of disease - ANS-always cause symptoms
, Predisposing factors of disease - ANS-precisely predict the occurrence of disease.
Genetic diseases may be - ANS-produced by an abnormality in or mutation of the genetic code in a
single gene.
Benign tumors - ANS-tend to remain encapsulated.
Malignant tumors - ANS-tend to infiltrate other tissue.
Cancer is - ANS-caused by external factors alone.
Which of the following states the sequence of an allergic response within the body most correctly? -
ANS-IgE antibodies enter the body and produce an allergen
Which of the following most accurately states the orderly steps in making a diagnosis? - ANS-medical
history, physical examination, diagnostic tests, diagnosis, integration of
results, treatment
Mechanical and chemical barriers, the inflammatory response, and the immune response are - ANS-risk
factors for disease.
Immunodeficiency disorders result from - ANS-an exudative response
an exudative response - ANS-disease related to age.
Pathogens cause disease by - ANS-invasion of living tissue.
The normal protective physiological response(s) to tissue injury and disease is (are) - ANS-infection.
Anaphylaxis, serum sickness, arthralgia, and status asthmaticus are - ANS-part of aging.
Smoking, drinking, nutrition, and lack of exercise are examples of - ANS-predisposing factors related to
age.
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are common viruses that produce infection. - ANS-False
The pathogenesis of a disease includes stages that can be influenced by medical intervention - ANS-True
Signs of disease are both objective and subjective - ANS-True
The symptoms of disease often signal disruption of the body's homeostasis - ANS-True
Holistic medicine focuses on the needs of the whole person. - ANS-True
The goal of the treatment of cancer is to remove the local tumor - ANS-True
Excision of tissue for microscopic examination. - ANS-mutation
