NUR 3168
Research & EB Nursing
Comprehensive Midterms Review (Qns &
Ans)
2025
1. In evidence-based practice, which step involves identifying
the clinical problem?
A) Appraise the evidence
B) Formulate a question
C) Implement the findings
D) Evaluate the outcomes
©2024/2025
, ANS: B) Formulate a question
Rationale: Formulating a question is the first step of the
evidence-based practice process, which begins with recognizing a
clinical issue needing investigation.
2. The PICO framework is utilized for formulating clinical
questions. What does the 'I' stand for?
A) Intervention
B) Indicator
C) Inference
D) Impact
ANS: A) Intervention
Rationale: In the PICO framework, the 'I' refers to the
Intervention being studied, crucial for determining relevant
evidence.
3. Which study design is considered the gold standard for
establishing cause-effect relationships?
A) Cohort Study
B) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
C) Case-Control Study
©2024/2025
, D) Cross-Sectional Study
ANS: B) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Rationale: RCTs are designed to control for confounding
variables, establishing stronger evidence of causality compared to
other designs.
4. A researcher wants to assess the effectiveness of a new
medication. What kind of sampling method provides the best
generalizability of the results?
A) Convenience sampling
B) Snowball sampling
C) Random sampling
D) Purposive sampling
ANS: C) Random sampling
Rationale: Random sampling ensures that every individual
has an equal chance of selection, enhancing the generalizability of
the findings.
5. What type of variable is manipulated by the researcher in an
experiment?
A) Dependent variable
©2024/2025
, B) Independent variable
C) Confounding variable
D) Control variable
ANS: B) Independent variable
Rationale: The independent variable is what the researcher
changes or manipulates to observe its effect on the dependent
variable.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The research method that focuses on the subjective
experiences of individuals is known as __________.
ANS: Qualitative research
Rationale: Qualitative research seeks to understand
individuals' lived experiences and perspectives.
7. A __________ review synthesizes findings from multiple
studies and generates conclusions regarding a specific topic.
ANS: Systematic
Rationale: Systematic reviews provide a comprehensive
overview of the literature on a topic, employing rigorous methods
to minimize bias.
©2024/2025
Research & EB Nursing
Comprehensive Midterms Review (Qns &
Ans)
2025
1. In evidence-based practice, which step involves identifying
the clinical problem?
A) Appraise the evidence
B) Formulate a question
C) Implement the findings
D) Evaluate the outcomes
©2024/2025
, ANS: B) Formulate a question
Rationale: Formulating a question is the first step of the
evidence-based practice process, which begins with recognizing a
clinical issue needing investigation.
2. The PICO framework is utilized for formulating clinical
questions. What does the 'I' stand for?
A) Intervention
B) Indicator
C) Inference
D) Impact
ANS: A) Intervention
Rationale: In the PICO framework, the 'I' refers to the
Intervention being studied, crucial for determining relevant
evidence.
3. Which study design is considered the gold standard for
establishing cause-effect relationships?
A) Cohort Study
B) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
C) Case-Control Study
©2024/2025
, D) Cross-Sectional Study
ANS: B) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Rationale: RCTs are designed to control for confounding
variables, establishing stronger evidence of causality compared to
other designs.
4. A researcher wants to assess the effectiveness of a new
medication. What kind of sampling method provides the best
generalizability of the results?
A) Convenience sampling
B) Snowball sampling
C) Random sampling
D) Purposive sampling
ANS: C) Random sampling
Rationale: Random sampling ensures that every individual
has an equal chance of selection, enhancing the generalizability of
the findings.
5. What type of variable is manipulated by the researcher in an
experiment?
A) Dependent variable
©2024/2025
, B) Independent variable
C) Confounding variable
D) Control variable
ANS: B) Independent variable
Rationale: The independent variable is what the researcher
changes or manipulates to observe its effect on the dependent
variable.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The research method that focuses on the subjective
experiences of individuals is known as __________.
ANS: Qualitative research
Rationale: Qualitative research seeks to understand
individuals' lived experiences and perspectives.
7. A __________ review synthesizes findings from multiple
studies and generates conclusions regarding a specific topic.
ANS: Systematic
Rationale: Systematic reviews provide a comprehensive
overview of the literature on a topic, employing rigorous methods
to minimize bias.
©2024/2025
