NUR 3196
Pathophysiology/Pharmacology
Comprehensive Midterms Review (Qns &
Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
- A) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
- B) Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
- C) Excessive insulin production
- D) Genetic mutation in insulin receptors
- ANS: B) Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
- Rationale: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by
insulin resistance and a relative deficiency in insulin production.
©2024/2025
,2. What is the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in
the treatment of hypertension?
- A) Blocking calcium channels
- B) Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
- C) Increasing sodium reabsorption
- D) Stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors
- ANS: B) Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by
inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a
potent vasoconstrictor.
3. Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of
opioid analgesics?
- A) Constipation
- B) Respiratory depression
- C) Nausea
- D) Hypertension
- ANS: D) Hypertension
- Rationale: Hypertension is not a common side effect of
opioid analgesics; instead, they can cause hypotension.
©2024/2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The __________ is the time it takes for the concentration of a
drug in the bloodstream to decrease by half.
- ANS: Half-life
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for its
concentration in the bloodstream to decrease by half.
5. In pharmacology, the practice of adjusting drug dosages based
on individual patient characteristics is known as __________.
- ANS: Personalized medicine
- Rationale: Personalized medicine involves tailoring drug
dosages and treatments based on individual patient characteristics
to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
6. The __________ effect occurs when the combined effect of
two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
- ANS: Synergistic
- Rationale: The synergistic effect occurs when the combined
effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual
effects.
True/False Questions
©2024/2025
Pathophysiology/Pharmacology
Comprehensive Midterms Review (Qns &
Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
- A) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
- B) Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
- C) Excessive insulin production
- D) Genetic mutation in insulin receptors
- ANS: B) Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency
- Rationale: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by
insulin resistance and a relative deficiency in insulin production.
©2024/2025
,2. What is the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in
the treatment of hypertension?
- A) Blocking calcium channels
- B) Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
- C) Increasing sodium reabsorption
- D) Stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors
- ANS: B) Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II
- Rationale: ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by
inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a
potent vasoconstrictor.
3. Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of
opioid analgesics?
- A) Constipation
- B) Respiratory depression
- C) Nausea
- D) Hypertension
- ANS: D) Hypertension
- Rationale: Hypertension is not a common side effect of
opioid analgesics; instead, they can cause hypotension.
©2024/2025
, Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. The __________ is the time it takes for the concentration of a
drug in the bloodstream to decrease by half.
- ANS: Half-life
- Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for its
concentration in the bloodstream to decrease by half.
5. In pharmacology, the practice of adjusting drug dosages based
on individual patient characteristics is known as __________.
- ANS: Personalized medicine
- Rationale: Personalized medicine involves tailoring drug
dosages and treatments based on individual patient characteristics
to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
6. The __________ effect occurs when the combined effect of
two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
- ANS: Synergistic
- Rationale: The synergistic effect occurs when the combined
effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual
effects.
True/False Questions
©2024/2025
