NS119 Exam Guide Questions with Complete
Solutions
4 sensory/perceptual functions - ANSWER Stimulus (single or multiple)
Receptor (single or multiple)
Perception (interpretation through the brain)
Response (reaction/determined action)
What are 3 newborn reflexes? - ANSWER Moro (jumping at loud noises)
Sucking (even elicited by tickling the side of their faces)
Finger grasp
Children "test" for perception. What are 2 examples? - ANSWER -They test food to see
what tastes best to them.
-They test adults for boundaries.
______ have the most mature sensory perception and quickest response. - ANSWER
Adults
Elders sensory perception is.... - ANSWER ....decreased.
Awareness means... - ANSWER ...being able to perceive internal and external stimuli and
respond appropriately by thought and action.
Full consciousness requires what 3 elements for adults? - ANSWER Ability to identify
person, time, and place. Also, understanding both verbal and written word.
,To be disoriented is... - ANSWER ...to be missing one of the three elements of full
consciousness.
Confused - ANSWER Reduced awareness, easily bewildered.
Somnolent - ANSWER Drowsy, but responsive.
Semi-comatose - ANSWER Sleeping
Comatose - ANSWER Totally unarousable by stimulus.
What area of the brain calms us or forces us to wake based on, for example, the smell of
smoke? - ANSWER Reticular excitatory area.
Visceral perception refers to... - ANSWER ..Inner organ feeling, pain, fatigue, hunger,
fullness, and hormonal impact.
When you hear a police siren behind you and notice you are going 10 mi over the speed
limit, what sensory process causes you to feel fear? - ANSWER Visceral
What provides a foundation for behavior and emotional expression? - ANSWER Sensory
perceptual consciousness.
What factors can change visual perception? - ANSWER Cardiac drugs, dialysis, eypatches
What factors can alter auditory perception? - ANSWER Presbycusis (elderly hearing),
tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vancomycin, asprin, and percocet.
,What factors can alter gustatory and olfactory perception? - ANSWER High blood
pressure medications and chemotherapy. (Both make good smells bad, and chemo also
makes good tastes bad)
What factors can alter tactile perception? - ANSWER Depression, emotional/physical
stress.
What factors alter kinesthetic perception? - ANSWER Special beds like air/water beds.
Presbyopia - ANSWER Inability to focus or accommodate via lens inflexibility; near
sightedness that begin at age 40.
Hyperopia - ANSWER Far sightedness; affects preschool children and 50% of adults 60 or
older.
Myopia - ANSWER Near-sightedness, increased 41 % by sitting too close to
TV/computers
Strabismus - ANSWER Non-tandem eye; can be the cause of a lazy eye.
Why will the eye eventually shut down due to strabismus? - ANSWER Lack of use; the
strong eye should be covered to force the use of the lazy eye.
Amblyopia - ANSWER Lazy or non working eye
What are some things to remember when caring for the visually impaired? - ANSWER -
Orient client to room arrangement
-Keep pathways uncluttered
, -Place self care items within reach
-Orient to placement of call lights/sounds
-Bed in lowest position, indicate if you're leaving
-Ambulate by walking at client's preferred side, 1 foot ahead of the client
-Allow the client to hold your arm if desired.
What underlying conditions can tinnitus be a symptom of? - ANSWER Circulatory system
disorder, or an OD from Tylenol or cardiac medications.
Hearing deficits in the young can cause.. - ANSWER ...delayed speech development and
decreased socialization skills.
What are some important factors to remember when caring for clients with a hearing
deficit? - ANSWER -Good lighting
-Be within 3 feet of client
-Touch client
-Decrease background noise
-Address the person directly, facing them
-Use moderate rate, tone, articulation
-Full sentences with references, key/well known words are helpful
-If frustration appears, write, sign, or act
-Watch for delayed speech and isolation.
Sensory deprivation is defined as.... - ANSWER ...state of reduced sensory input received
from internal or external environment.
Solutions
4 sensory/perceptual functions - ANSWER Stimulus (single or multiple)
Receptor (single or multiple)
Perception (interpretation through the brain)
Response (reaction/determined action)
What are 3 newborn reflexes? - ANSWER Moro (jumping at loud noises)
Sucking (even elicited by tickling the side of their faces)
Finger grasp
Children "test" for perception. What are 2 examples? - ANSWER -They test food to see
what tastes best to them.
-They test adults for boundaries.
______ have the most mature sensory perception and quickest response. - ANSWER
Adults
Elders sensory perception is.... - ANSWER ....decreased.
Awareness means... - ANSWER ...being able to perceive internal and external stimuli and
respond appropriately by thought and action.
Full consciousness requires what 3 elements for adults? - ANSWER Ability to identify
person, time, and place. Also, understanding both verbal and written word.
,To be disoriented is... - ANSWER ...to be missing one of the three elements of full
consciousness.
Confused - ANSWER Reduced awareness, easily bewildered.
Somnolent - ANSWER Drowsy, but responsive.
Semi-comatose - ANSWER Sleeping
Comatose - ANSWER Totally unarousable by stimulus.
What area of the brain calms us or forces us to wake based on, for example, the smell of
smoke? - ANSWER Reticular excitatory area.
Visceral perception refers to... - ANSWER ..Inner organ feeling, pain, fatigue, hunger,
fullness, and hormonal impact.
When you hear a police siren behind you and notice you are going 10 mi over the speed
limit, what sensory process causes you to feel fear? - ANSWER Visceral
What provides a foundation for behavior and emotional expression? - ANSWER Sensory
perceptual consciousness.
What factors can change visual perception? - ANSWER Cardiac drugs, dialysis, eypatches
What factors can alter auditory perception? - ANSWER Presbycusis (elderly hearing),
tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vancomycin, asprin, and percocet.
,What factors can alter gustatory and olfactory perception? - ANSWER High blood
pressure medications and chemotherapy. (Both make good smells bad, and chemo also
makes good tastes bad)
What factors can alter tactile perception? - ANSWER Depression, emotional/physical
stress.
What factors alter kinesthetic perception? - ANSWER Special beds like air/water beds.
Presbyopia - ANSWER Inability to focus or accommodate via lens inflexibility; near
sightedness that begin at age 40.
Hyperopia - ANSWER Far sightedness; affects preschool children and 50% of adults 60 or
older.
Myopia - ANSWER Near-sightedness, increased 41 % by sitting too close to
TV/computers
Strabismus - ANSWER Non-tandem eye; can be the cause of a lazy eye.
Why will the eye eventually shut down due to strabismus? - ANSWER Lack of use; the
strong eye should be covered to force the use of the lazy eye.
Amblyopia - ANSWER Lazy or non working eye
What are some things to remember when caring for the visually impaired? - ANSWER -
Orient client to room arrangement
-Keep pathways uncluttered
, -Place self care items within reach
-Orient to placement of call lights/sounds
-Bed in lowest position, indicate if you're leaving
-Ambulate by walking at client's preferred side, 1 foot ahead of the client
-Allow the client to hold your arm if desired.
What underlying conditions can tinnitus be a symptom of? - ANSWER Circulatory system
disorder, or an OD from Tylenol or cardiac medications.
Hearing deficits in the young can cause.. - ANSWER ...delayed speech development and
decreased socialization skills.
What are some important factors to remember when caring for clients with a hearing
deficit? - ANSWER -Good lighting
-Be within 3 feet of client
-Touch client
-Decrease background noise
-Address the person directly, facing them
-Use moderate rate, tone, articulation
-Full sentences with references, key/well known words are helpful
-If frustration appears, write, sign, or act
-Watch for delayed speech and isolation.
Sensory deprivation is defined as.... - ANSWER ...state of reduced sensory input received
from internal or external environment.
