AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS.
TOF,steps,,,ANS,-1),ionisation
2),acceleration
3),ion,drift
4),detection
5),analysis
Electron,impact,,,ANS,-
Sample,vaporised,and,electron,gun,fires,high,energy,electrons,at,it,which,knock,off,1,electron,from,each,p
article,,making,them,1+,ions,
NB-,can,knock,off,more,than,one,e,or,break,molecular,ion
electrospray,ionization,,,ANS,-
Sample,dissolved,in,volatile,solvent,then,injected,through,needle,to,give,fine,mist,which,is,attached,to,pos
itive,end,of,high,voltage,power,supply,,particles,gain,proton,
NB-,Mr,of,substance,is,actually,one,less,than,shown,due,to,extra,H+
Acceleration,(TOF),,,ANS,-
positive,ions,accelerated,using,electric,field,so,they,all,have,the,same,kinetic,energy
Ion,drift,(TOF),,,ANS,-
particles,with,small,mass,have,larger,velocity,do,ions,start,to,separate,with,lightest,ions,reaching,detector,
first
Detection,(TOF),,,ANS,-
positive,ions,hit,negatively,charged,plate,and,gain,an,electron,which,forms,a,current,,the,larger,the,curren
t,the,higher,the,abundance
Analysis,(TOF),,,ANS,--computer,uses,data,to,produce,mass,spectrum,which,shows,mass,m,/,charge,z,ratio
-mr,or,ar,is,furthest,right,peak,(small,peaks,larger,than,mr,are,due,to,isotopes)
, -may,be,large,peaks,at,lower,mr,due,to,fragmentation
Electron,spin,,,ANS,-Property,of,electron,(CW,or,ACW)
Represented,by,up,and,down,arrows
Orbitals,,,ANS,-
Defined,regions,of,space,around,nucleus,where,electrons,most,likely,to,be,found,,each,orbital,holds,2,elec
trons
Hund's,Rule,,,ANS,-
Electrons,prefer,to,occupy,orbitals,on,their,own,and,only,pair,up,when,no,empty,or,bait,ask,of,same,energ
y,are,available
Electron,configuration,,,ANS,-1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p6,4d10
exceptions,to,electron,configuration,,,ANS,-chromium,and,copper,,only,take,one,electron,in,4s,orbital
Why,does,ionization,energy,decrease,down,a,group?,,,ANS,-
Atoms,get,bigger,so,electrons,further,away,from,nucleus,,greater,shielding
Why,does,ionization,energy,increase,across,a,period?,,,ANS,-
Atoms,get,smaller,,nuclear,charge,increases,,similar,shielding
Dip,in,ionisation,energy,groups,2-3,,,ANS,-
Electrons,take,up,higher,orbital,(s,to,p),which,makes,ionisation,energy,lower,as,higher,orbitals,have,highe
r,energy
Dip,in,ionisation,energy,groups,5-6,,,ANS,-Electron-
,electron,repulsion,in,orbital,makes,electron,easier,to,lose
Relative,atomic,mass,,,ANS,-
The,average,mass,of,an,atom,of,an,element/,1/12th,of,the,mass,of,an,atom,of,carbon-12
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS.
TOF,steps,,,ANS,-1),ionisation
2),acceleration
3),ion,drift
4),detection
5),analysis
Electron,impact,,,ANS,-
Sample,vaporised,and,electron,gun,fires,high,energy,electrons,at,it,which,knock,off,1,electron,from,each,p
article,,making,them,1+,ions,
NB-,can,knock,off,more,than,one,e,or,break,molecular,ion
electrospray,ionization,,,ANS,-
Sample,dissolved,in,volatile,solvent,then,injected,through,needle,to,give,fine,mist,which,is,attached,to,pos
itive,end,of,high,voltage,power,supply,,particles,gain,proton,
NB-,Mr,of,substance,is,actually,one,less,than,shown,due,to,extra,H+
Acceleration,(TOF),,,ANS,-
positive,ions,accelerated,using,electric,field,so,they,all,have,the,same,kinetic,energy
Ion,drift,(TOF),,,ANS,-
particles,with,small,mass,have,larger,velocity,do,ions,start,to,separate,with,lightest,ions,reaching,detector,
first
Detection,(TOF),,,ANS,-
positive,ions,hit,negatively,charged,plate,and,gain,an,electron,which,forms,a,current,,the,larger,the,curren
t,the,higher,the,abundance
Analysis,(TOF),,,ANS,--computer,uses,data,to,produce,mass,spectrum,which,shows,mass,m,/,charge,z,ratio
-mr,or,ar,is,furthest,right,peak,(small,peaks,larger,than,mr,are,due,to,isotopes)
, -may,be,large,peaks,at,lower,mr,due,to,fragmentation
Electron,spin,,,ANS,-Property,of,electron,(CW,or,ACW)
Represented,by,up,and,down,arrows
Orbitals,,,ANS,-
Defined,regions,of,space,around,nucleus,where,electrons,most,likely,to,be,found,,each,orbital,holds,2,elec
trons
Hund's,Rule,,,ANS,-
Electrons,prefer,to,occupy,orbitals,on,their,own,and,only,pair,up,when,no,empty,or,bait,ask,of,same,energ
y,are,available
Electron,configuration,,,ANS,-1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p6,4d10
exceptions,to,electron,configuration,,,ANS,-chromium,and,copper,,only,take,one,electron,in,4s,orbital
Why,does,ionization,energy,decrease,down,a,group?,,,ANS,-
Atoms,get,bigger,so,electrons,further,away,from,nucleus,,greater,shielding
Why,does,ionization,energy,increase,across,a,period?,,,ANS,-
Atoms,get,smaller,,nuclear,charge,increases,,similar,shielding
Dip,in,ionisation,energy,groups,2-3,,,ANS,-
Electrons,take,up,higher,orbital,(s,to,p),which,makes,ionisation,energy,lower,as,higher,orbitals,have,highe
r,energy
Dip,in,ionisation,energy,groups,5-6,,,ANS,-Electron-
,electron,repulsion,in,orbital,makes,electron,easier,to,lose
Relative,atomic,mass,,,ANS,-
The,average,mass,of,an,atom,of,an,element/,1/12th,of,the,mass,of,an,atom,of,carbon-12
