AS-level/ Paper 1 AQA Psychology
6 steps of minority affect growing social change (Hint: DCDASS) - ANS-Drawing Attention-
attracts attention to trouble
Consistency- regular message about difficulty
Deeper processing of the issue- starting to think about difficulty
Augmentation principle- dedication
Snowball impact- minority will become the general public
Social Cryptomnesia- change has came about however people do not consider how
Agency principle - ANS-A person is in an self reliant country until they may be faced by an
expert figure. They will then undergo an Agentic shift and is now inside the Agentic kingdom
Agentic nation - ANS-The mental country wherein a person has gone through the agentic
shift and no longer takes duty for their actions
Anal degree - ANS-The ages 1-three, pride is now focused round at the anus and could
derive gratification from potty education. Early or harsh potty schooling can result in an
Anal-retentive persona (tidy and punctual); lax or liberal potty education can result in an
Anal-expulsive persona (messy and rebellious)
Asocial stage - ANS-Behaviour toward every body, inclusive of mother and father, is similar
to the behaviour exhibited towards inanimate objects
Assumptions of Behaviourism - ANS-All behaviour is learnt and decided by the surroundings
Only involved with observable methods, not cognitive/intellectual strategies which can't be
found
Assumptions of the organic method - ANS-Everything mental is first physiological (physical)
therefore, to apprehend human behaviour, you should study the biological methods which
includes neurotransmitters, genes and the mind
Assumptions of the Cognitive Approach - ANS-Behaviour comes from cognitive strategies
and studies memory, belief and thinking
Believes the mind works similar to a computer
Assumptions of the Humanistic technique - ANS-Every individual is precise and has their
very own way of perceiving the arena
They reject the clinical method as a way of studying humans
Assumptions of the Psychodynamic method - ANS-Our behaviour is determined with the aid
of the subconscious thoughts
Our adolescence reports form our person behaviour and character
Assumptions of the Social learning Theory - ANS-Behaviour is learnt via observation and
imitation
,Autonomous country - ANS-The intellectual nation wherein someone is able to do as they
please and takes responsibility for their behaviour
Beck's Cognitive Therapy - ANS-a type of cognitive remedy, developed by way of Aaron
Beck, wherein the therapist works to broaden a warm relationship with the affected person
and has the patient cautiously do not forget the evidence for their ideals as a way to see the
mistakes in his or her thinking (demanding situations irrational beliefs)
Behaviour of "Guards" in Zimbardo's experiment - ANS-Some were very competitive closer
to "inmates" and enforced the regulations so tightly that any slipup turned into met with harsh
punishment. However, not all of the guards had been competitive.
When taken faraway from the study, the "guards" returned to ordinary and were no longer
overly competitive.
Behavioural characteristics of melancholy - ANS-Reduced activity levels
Disruption to sleep (insomnia or hypersomnia) and ingesting behaviour
Aggression and self harm
Behavioural traits of OCD - ANS-Compulsions- repetitive behaviours
Avoidance of anxiety inflicting situations
Behavioural traits of phobias - ANS-Panic (crying/screaming)
Avoidance (aware attempt to keep away from stimulus)
Endurance (individual stays in presence of stimulus)
Behaviours determined within the Strange Situation (Hint: PRESS) - ANS-Proximity in
search of, Reunion behaviour, Exploration and relaxed base behaviour, Stranger anxiety,
Separation anxiety
Binding Factors - ANS-These factors maintain the individual inside the agentic kingdom via
shift blame and obligation onto the authority figure, reducing moral pressure
Biological approach to treat OCD - ANS-Drug remedy- SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors) increase serotonin degrees and antipsychotics lower the levels of dopamine
Bowlby's 44 thieves take a look at - ANS-Took a sample of forty four teens accused of
stealing and interviewed them for signs and symptoms of affectionless psychopathy and
additionally interviewed family approximately the presence in their mom while developing up.
14/44 have been decided to be Affectionless Psychopaths and 12/14 experienced Maternal
Deprivation
Bucharest Early Intervention Project - ANS-ninety five children from a while 12-31 who had
spent up to ninety% of their life in institutionalised care and a control group of 50 kids who
had by no means been in care were all assessed the usage of the Strange scenario.
74% of manipulate have been securely connected with only 17% of institutionalised
forty four% of institutionalised showed a Disinhibited attachment in comparison to much less
than 20% of the control
Capacity of LTM and corresponding take a look at - ANS-Potentially unlimited
Study- Linton (key-word for every day, 70% consider accuracy even aftr 7 yrs)
Capacity of STM and corresponding study - ANS-Limited- 7+/-2 and may be elevated by way
of "chunking" records
, Study- Miller
Capacity of the Sensory Register and corresponding take a look at - ANS-Very big
Study- Sperling 3x4 letter grid
Characteristics and causes of the Authoritarian Personality - ANS-Believe in a "social
hierarchy" and appearance down upon the ones "beneath" them at the same time as
respecting the ones "above" them
Hold homophobic, racist and sexist views
Have a robust sense of proper and wrong (no gray region)
Caused by way of harsh parenting or conditional love with impossibly excessive expectation
Classical Conditioning and corresponding look at - ANS-Learning thru association
Study- Pavlov's dogs
Classical conditioning in studying theory of attachment - ANS-Before conditioning:
Food (UCS) → Baby feels happy (UCR)
Mother (NS) → No reaction
During conditioning:
Mother (NS) + Food (UCS) →Baby feels happy (UCR)
After conditioning:
Mother (CS) → Baby feels happy (CR)
Classical conditioning's function in Mowrer's two technique model - ANS-Acquire a phobia
after associating the stimulus with fear (can arise after simply one demanding occasion).
Dog example:
Before conditioning:
Being bitten (UCS)→ Fear (UCR)
Dog (NS)→ no worry
During conditioning:
Being bitten (UCS) + dog (NS) → Fear (UCR)
After conditioning:
Dog (CS) → Fear (CR)
Coding of LTM and corresponding observe - ANS-Coded Semantically
Study- Baddeley
Coding of STM and corresponding examine - ANS-Coded Acoustically
Study- Baddeley
Coding of the Sensory Register and corresponding study - ANS-Modality specific- records is
stored inside the way it is available in (e.G. Visible records enters the enduring save).
Study- Crowder
6 steps of minority affect growing social change (Hint: DCDASS) - ANS-Drawing Attention-
attracts attention to trouble
Consistency- regular message about difficulty
Deeper processing of the issue- starting to think about difficulty
Augmentation principle- dedication
Snowball impact- minority will become the general public
Social Cryptomnesia- change has came about however people do not consider how
Agency principle - ANS-A person is in an self reliant country until they may be faced by an
expert figure. They will then undergo an Agentic shift and is now inside the Agentic kingdom
Agentic nation - ANS-The mental country wherein a person has gone through the agentic
shift and no longer takes duty for their actions
Anal degree - ANS-The ages 1-three, pride is now focused round at the anus and could
derive gratification from potty education. Early or harsh potty schooling can result in an
Anal-retentive persona (tidy and punctual); lax or liberal potty education can result in an
Anal-expulsive persona (messy and rebellious)
Asocial stage - ANS-Behaviour toward every body, inclusive of mother and father, is similar
to the behaviour exhibited towards inanimate objects
Assumptions of Behaviourism - ANS-All behaviour is learnt and decided by the surroundings
Only involved with observable methods, not cognitive/intellectual strategies which can't be
found
Assumptions of the organic method - ANS-Everything mental is first physiological (physical)
therefore, to apprehend human behaviour, you should study the biological methods which
includes neurotransmitters, genes and the mind
Assumptions of the Cognitive Approach - ANS-Behaviour comes from cognitive strategies
and studies memory, belief and thinking
Believes the mind works similar to a computer
Assumptions of the Humanistic technique - ANS-Every individual is precise and has their
very own way of perceiving the arena
They reject the clinical method as a way of studying humans
Assumptions of the Psychodynamic method - ANS-Our behaviour is determined with the aid
of the subconscious thoughts
Our adolescence reports form our person behaviour and character
Assumptions of the Social learning Theory - ANS-Behaviour is learnt via observation and
imitation
,Autonomous country - ANS-The intellectual nation wherein someone is able to do as they
please and takes responsibility for their behaviour
Beck's Cognitive Therapy - ANS-a type of cognitive remedy, developed by way of Aaron
Beck, wherein the therapist works to broaden a warm relationship with the affected person
and has the patient cautiously do not forget the evidence for their ideals as a way to see the
mistakes in his or her thinking (demanding situations irrational beliefs)
Behaviour of "Guards" in Zimbardo's experiment - ANS-Some were very competitive closer
to "inmates" and enforced the regulations so tightly that any slipup turned into met with harsh
punishment. However, not all of the guards had been competitive.
When taken faraway from the study, the "guards" returned to ordinary and were no longer
overly competitive.
Behavioural characteristics of melancholy - ANS-Reduced activity levels
Disruption to sleep (insomnia or hypersomnia) and ingesting behaviour
Aggression and self harm
Behavioural traits of OCD - ANS-Compulsions- repetitive behaviours
Avoidance of anxiety inflicting situations
Behavioural traits of phobias - ANS-Panic (crying/screaming)
Avoidance (aware attempt to keep away from stimulus)
Endurance (individual stays in presence of stimulus)
Behaviours determined within the Strange Situation (Hint: PRESS) - ANS-Proximity in
search of, Reunion behaviour, Exploration and relaxed base behaviour, Stranger anxiety,
Separation anxiety
Binding Factors - ANS-These factors maintain the individual inside the agentic kingdom via
shift blame and obligation onto the authority figure, reducing moral pressure
Biological approach to treat OCD - ANS-Drug remedy- SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors) increase serotonin degrees and antipsychotics lower the levels of dopamine
Bowlby's 44 thieves take a look at - ANS-Took a sample of forty four teens accused of
stealing and interviewed them for signs and symptoms of affectionless psychopathy and
additionally interviewed family approximately the presence in their mom while developing up.
14/44 have been decided to be Affectionless Psychopaths and 12/14 experienced Maternal
Deprivation
Bucharest Early Intervention Project - ANS-ninety five children from a while 12-31 who had
spent up to ninety% of their life in institutionalised care and a control group of 50 kids who
had by no means been in care were all assessed the usage of the Strange scenario.
74% of manipulate have been securely connected with only 17% of institutionalised
forty four% of institutionalised showed a Disinhibited attachment in comparison to much less
than 20% of the control
Capacity of LTM and corresponding take a look at - ANS-Potentially unlimited
Study- Linton (key-word for every day, 70% consider accuracy even aftr 7 yrs)
Capacity of STM and corresponding study - ANS-Limited- 7+/-2 and may be elevated by way
of "chunking" records
, Study- Miller
Capacity of the Sensory Register and corresponding take a look at - ANS-Very big
Study- Sperling 3x4 letter grid
Characteristics and causes of the Authoritarian Personality - ANS-Believe in a "social
hierarchy" and appearance down upon the ones "beneath" them at the same time as
respecting the ones "above" them
Hold homophobic, racist and sexist views
Have a robust sense of proper and wrong (no gray region)
Caused by way of harsh parenting or conditional love with impossibly excessive expectation
Classical Conditioning and corresponding look at - ANS-Learning thru association
Study- Pavlov's dogs
Classical conditioning in studying theory of attachment - ANS-Before conditioning:
Food (UCS) → Baby feels happy (UCR)
Mother (NS) → No reaction
During conditioning:
Mother (NS) + Food (UCS) →Baby feels happy (UCR)
After conditioning:
Mother (CS) → Baby feels happy (CR)
Classical conditioning's function in Mowrer's two technique model - ANS-Acquire a phobia
after associating the stimulus with fear (can arise after simply one demanding occasion).
Dog example:
Before conditioning:
Being bitten (UCS)→ Fear (UCR)
Dog (NS)→ no worry
During conditioning:
Being bitten (UCS) + dog (NS) → Fear (UCR)
After conditioning:
Dog (CS) → Fear (CR)
Coding of LTM and corresponding observe - ANS-Coded Semantically
Study- Baddeley
Coding of STM and corresponding examine - ANS-Coded Acoustically
Study- Baddeley
Coding of the Sensory Register and corresponding study - ANS-Modality specific- records is
stored inside the way it is available in (e.G. Visible records enters the enduring save).
Study- Crowder
