Chapter 02 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Chapter 02: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances
Test Bank


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Choose the correct proportion of water to body weight to be expected in a healthy male
adult’s body:
a. 30%
b. 45%
c. 60%
d. 70%
ANS: C REF: 15

2. Choose the correct proportion of blood (to body weight) in an adult male’s body:
a. 30%
b. 20%
c. 10%
d. 4%
ANS: D REF: 15

3. Insensible fluid loss refers to water lost through:
a. perspiration only.
b. feces only.
c. perspiration and expiration.
d. urine and feces.

ANS: C REF: 15


4. When the osmotic pressure of the blood is elevated above normal, water would shift from the:
a. blood into the cells.
b. interstitial compartment into the cells.
c. interstitial compartment into the blood.
d. cells into the interstitial compartment.
ANS: C REF: 16

5. Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins?
a. Increased osmotic pressure
b. Decreased osmotic pressure
c. Increased hydrostatic pressure
d. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
ANS: B REF: 16

6. Which of the following would cause edema?
a.Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
b.Increased capillary osmotic pressure
c.Decreased capillary permeability
d.Increased capillary permeability

, ANS: D REF: 16-19

7. Which of the following would likely be related to an elevated hematocrit reading?
a. Fluid excess
b. Fluid deficit
c. Increased sodium level
d. Decreased erythrocytes
ANS: B REF: 23-24

8. Which of the following is a typical sign of dehydration?
a. Rapid, strong pulse
b. Low hematocrit
c. Increased urine output
d. Rough oral mucosa
ANS: D REF: 21

9. Which of the following terms refers to a combination of decreased circulating blood volume
combined with excess fluid in a body cavity?
a. Dehydration
b. Third-spacing
c. Hypovolemia
d. Water retention
ANS: B REF: 21

10. Which of the following is the primNaUrR
yScIaNtG
ioTnBi.nCOthMe extracellular fluid?
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Calcium
d. Iron
ANS: A REF: 21

11. Which of the following is a common cause of hyponatremia?
a. Loss of the thirst mechanism
b. Excessive sweating
c. Excessive aldosterone secretion
d. Prolonged period of rapid, deep respirations
ANS: B REF: 22-23

12. Which of the following is a common effect of both hypokalemia and hyperkalemia?
a. Skeletal muscle twitch and cramps
b. Oliguria
c. Elevated serum pH
d. Cardiac arrhythmias
ANS: D REF: 26

13. Choose the correct effect of increased parathyroid hormone.