Physical appearance and women - Answers 2 inch decline in women
weight gain
body fat grows
strength gradually decreases
Osteoporosis - Answers a condition in which the bones become brittle, fragile, and thin, often brought
about by a lack of calcium in the diet
Vision in Middle adulthood - Answers visual acuity- the ability to discern fine spatial details in both close
and distant objects- begins to decline
Presbyopia - Answers a nearly universal change in eyesight during middle adulthood that results in some
loss of near vision
Glaucoma - Answers a condition in which pressure in the fluid of the eye increases, either because the
fluid cannot drain properly or because too much fluid is produced
Hearing in Middle adulthood - Answers declines because of environmental factors (loud noises), loss of
hair cells in the inner ear, less elastic eardrum
Presbycusis - Answers loss of the ability to hear sounds of high frequency
Female Climacteric - Answers the period that marks the transition from being able to bear children to
being unable to do so
Menopause - Answers cessation of menstruation
Perimenopause - Answers 10 years prior to menopause when hormone production begins to change
Male climacteric - Answers the period of physical and psychological change relating to the male
reproductive system that occurs during late middle age
Type A Behavior Pattern - Answers Competitiveness, impatience, frustration, hostility
engage in polyphasic activities- multiple activities at once
easily angered
heart rate and blood pressure rise
wear and tear on heart
Type B Behavior Pattern - Answers Non-competitiveness, Patience, Lack of aggression
, Fluid Intelligence - Answers reflects ability to solve and reason about novel problems
Crystallized Intelligence - Answers the accumulation of information, skills, and strategies that people
have learned through experience and that they can apply in problem-solving situations
Selective Optimization - Answers the process by which people concentrate on particular skill areas to
compensate for losses in other areas
Types of memory - Answers sensory, short term, long term
sensory memory - Answers initial, momentary storage, only lasts a second, no decline
short-term memory - Answers holds information to 15-25 seconds, no decline
long-term memory - Answers holds information that is rehearsed for relatively permanent time, some
decline, storage less efficient, reduction in efficiency of memory retrieval
Memory in middle adulthood - Answers most people show minimal losses, can be compensated by
various cognitive strategies
Schemas - Answers organized bodies of information stored in memory
Mnemonics - Answers formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be
remembered
Normative crisis model - Answers the approach to personality development that is based on fairly
universal stages tied to a sequence of age-related crises
Life events model - Answers the approach to personality development that is based on the timing of
particular events in an adult's life rather than on age per se
Generativity versus stagnation - Answers according to Erikson, the stage during middle adulthood in
which people consider their contributions to family and society
Generativity - Answers guiding future generations, leaving lasting contributions, looking beyond one's
self
stagnation - Answers focusing on the triviality of life, made limited contribution to the world
Midlife crisis - Answers a stage of uncertainty and indecision brought about by the realization that life is
finite
Empty nest syndrome - Answers the experience that relates to parents' feelings of unhappiness, worry,
loneliness, and depression resulting from their children's departure from home
Boomerang children - Answers young adults who return, after leaving home for some period, to live in
the homes of their middle-aged parents