Pharmacology Exam 3 ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
blood pressure
renal function - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Diuretics affect ___________, and blood pressure affects ____________.
insufficient blood flow to various organs - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Hypertension puts strain on the heart and peripheral vasculature. It also puts strain on capillaries,
leading to ___________________.
Afterload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_____________ = the pressure in the arteries against which the ventricles pump
afterload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High arterial BP puts strain on the heart by increasing _____________.
preload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High venous BP puts strain on the heart by increasing _____________.
Preload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
__________ = pressure in ventricles just before they contract.
edema - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High BP can lead to ___________ and organ tissue damage.
The ANS baroreceptor reflex - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
,How is BP normally regulated?
sympathetic - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Baroreceptors monitor BP and alter the diameter of blood vessels (_____________ division
only).
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The kidney contributes to the long-term regulation of BP via the ____________________
system.
Renin - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
____________ converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
ACE - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
______________ converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
vasoconstriction
aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Angiotensin II causes ____________, as well as the production of _______________, which
causes water retention by the kidney.
renin - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Decreased BP leads to the production of ___________ by the kidney.
adrenal cortex - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The ________________ is the site of angiotensin II effects (creating aldosterone).
,sodium - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
All diuretics function to inhibit the reabsorption of ____________, and as a result inhibit the
reabsorption of water.
acute conditions involving edemas - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Loop diuretics are used primarily to treat _______________________.
hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The major toxicity of loop diuretics (furosemide, torsemide) is _________________.
distal convoluted tubule (DCT) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Thiazide diuretics work at the _____________________.
hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
One of the toxicities of potassium sparing diuretics (amiloride, spironolactone) is
_________________.
Spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic)
acts like a steroid hormone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_______________ can cause men to develop manboobs.
Aldosterone increases the synthesis of sodium channel proteins at the collecting duct -
CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
How does aldosterone promote water retention by the kidney?
Spironolactone
, spironolactone physically competes with aldosterone for binding sites - CORRECT
ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
______________ inhibits aldosterone's effect of increasing sodium channel synthesis at the
collecting duct.
Amiloride - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_____________ inhibits the function of sodium transporters at the collecting duct.
hyperpolarize - opening potassium channels allows potassium to flow out of the cell, which
makes the smooth muscle cells less able to react to norepi (which would cause vasoconstriction)
- CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
K+ channel openers (Hydralazine, Minoxidil) _________________ smooth muscle cells,
inducing relaxation.
hair loss (Rogaine) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Minoxidil is used to treat hypertension and _______________.
Hydralazine - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_______________ is used to treat hypertension in pregnancy.
relaxation - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Ca++ channel blockers (Nifedipine, Diltiazem) hyper polarize smooth muscle cells, inducing
____________ in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Reynaud's syndrome
Can use calcium channel blockers to treat -- causes vasodilation - CORRECT ANSWER -
*Antihypertensives*
______________ syndrome = insufficient peripheral blood flow
Questions and CORRECT Answers
blood pressure
renal function - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Diuretics affect ___________, and blood pressure affects ____________.
insufficient blood flow to various organs - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Hypertension puts strain on the heart and peripheral vasculature. It also puts strain on capillaries,
leading to ___________________.
Afterload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_____________ = the pressure in the arteries against which the ventricles pump
afterload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High arterial BP puts strain on the heart by increasing _____________.
preload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High venous BP puts strain on the heart by increasing _____________.
Preload - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
__________ = pressure in ventricles just before they contract.
edema - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
High BP can lead to ___________ and organ tissue damage.
The ANS baroreceptor reflex - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
,How is BP normally regulated?
sympathetic - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Baroreceptors monitor BP and alter the diameter of blood vessels (_____________ division
only).
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The kidney contributes to the long-term regulation of BP via the ____________________
system.
Renin - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
____________ converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
ACE - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
______________ converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
vasoconstriction
aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Angiotensin II causes ____________, as well as the production of _______________, which
causes water retention by the kidney.
renin - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Decreased BP leads to the production of ___________ by the kidney.
adrenal cortex - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The ________________ is the site of angiotensin II effects (creating aldosterone).
,sodium - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
All diuretics function to inhibit the reabsorption of ____________, and as a result inhibit the
reabsorption of water.
acute conditions involving edemas - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Loop diuretics are used primarily to treat _______________________.
hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
The major toxicity of loop diuretics (furosemide, torsemide) is _________________.
distal convoluted tubule (DCT) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Thiazide diuretics work at the _____________________.
hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
One of the toxicities of potassium sparing diuretics (amiloride, spironolactone) is
_________________.
Spironolactone (potassium-sparing diuretic)
acts like a steroid hormone - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_______________ can cause men to develop manboobs.
Aldosterone increases the synthesis of sodium channel proteins at the collecting duct -
CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
How does aldosterone promote water retention by the kidney?
Spironolactone
, spironolactone physically competes with aldosterone for binding sites - CORRECT
ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
______________ inhibits aldosterone's effect of increasing sodium channel synthesis at the
collecting duct.
Amiloride - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_____________ inhibits the function of sodium transporters at the collecting duct.
hyperpolarize - opening potassium channels allows potassium to flow out of the cell, which
makes the smooth muscle cells less able to react to norepi (which would cause vasoconstriction)
- CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
K+ channel openers (Hydralazine, Minoxidil) _________________ smooth muscle cells,
inducing relaxation.
hair loss (Rogaine) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Minoxidil is used to treat hypertension and _______________.
Hydralazine - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
_______________ is used to treat hypertension in pregnancy.
relaxation - CORRECT ANSWER - *Antihypertensives*
Ca++ channel blockers (Nifedipine, Diltiazem) hyper polarize smooth muscle cells, inducing
____________ in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Reynaud's syndrome
Can use calcium channel blockers to treat -- causes vasodilation - CORRECT ANSWER -
*Antihypertensives*
______________ syndrome = insufficient peripheral blood flow
