Public Administration Chap2-9 || QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS SOLVED CORRECTLY TO PASS!!
open-system theorists correct answers those who advocate an approach to systems theory that
focuses on the relationship of the system with the environment.
traditional authority correct answers an orientation toward authority that relies on a belief in
the sacredness of longstanding customs and that relies on the loyalty of individuals to
someone who has become a leader in a long-established way
direct tools correct answers instruments of government action through which government
agencies themselves provide government goods and services.
entitlements correct answers governmental programs through which an individual is
automatically guaranteed services—typically, a payment—because the individual meets
requirements set in law.
federal grants correct answers transfer of money from the federal government to state and
local governments in pursuit of national objectives.
government by proxy correct answers the rise of government's use of indirect tools of public
action (including contracts, grants, regulations, and special tax provisions) to pursue public
goals.
indirect tools correct answers the provision of public goods and services by nongovernmental
partners (and partners outside the level of government creating a program), through
instruments like grants, contracts, regulations, and special tax provisions
loan programs correct answers an indirect tool of government that seeks to fund public goals
by making credit available to individuals and organizations, either by the government's
making a direct loan or by the government guaranteeing the repayment of a loan made by a
private organization.
red tape correct answers a colloquial term for government regulations that tend to impose
large costs with few benefits. The term comes from Civil War-era documents, which were
tied up with red ribbons.
regulations correct answers rules set by government to govern the behavior of individuals and
organizations.
tax expenditures correct answers special advantages in the tax code to create incentive for
behavior the government wants to encourage. Tax expenditures include deductions (in which
individuals can reduce their income by the amount of an expenditure, such as a home
mortgage) and credits (in which individuals can reduce the tax due by the amount of an
expenditure, such as payments for child care).
Antideficiency Act correct answers the federal law that forbids government officials from
spending money not specifically appropriated for a purpose. The act limits the discretion of
, administrators. It also serves as the legal basis for shutting down the federal government
when Congress and the president fail to agree on a budget.
neutrality doctrine correct answers the principle that public administrators ought to manage
programs without political favoritism
nonprofit correct answers society's third sector, in addition to the public and private sectors.
Some nonprofits charge fees, some receive grants and contracts from the public and private
sectors, and others receive voluntary contributions; many operate under a combination of all
three revenue sources. Nonprofits exist to serve social purposes, instead of making profits
(like private organizations). They operate outside the public sector, but often help implement
governmental goals.
organizational theory correct answers the collection of concepts that seeks to describe and
predict the way that organizations—and the people in them—act.
oversight correct answers review of the behavior of individuals in organizations, and
organizations themselves, by those with authority over them. In public administration, the
term is used most commonly to refer to the review of administrative acts by legislatures.
performance measures correct answers assessments of success, of organizations and
individuals, in achieving the goals set for them.
policymaking correct answers the process of defining the goals that public organizations are
charged with seeking. Also referred to as policy formation.
public administration correct answers the process of translating public policies into results.
public bureaucracy correct answers the organizations charged with public administration
areal, or prefectoral, system correct answers an approach to government that structures its
organizations by a particular geographic region.
bureaus correct answers the basic building blocks of governmental organizations
cabinet correct answers the collection of administrative departments, as well as those
additional offices that the chief executive (such as the president) raises to that rank.
function correct answers the specific role or duty performed by a part of an organization.
government corporations correct answers organizations that perform public functions but that
are organized—and operate—like private companies, with a profit-and-loss bottom line
(including Amtrak and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation).
independent agencies correct answers governmental organizations that exist separately from
the cabinet departments.
National Security Council correct answers an organization within the Executive Office of the
President, established in 1947, to advise the president on matters of foreign and military
policy.
ANSWERS SOLVED CORRECTLY TO PASS!!
open-system theorists correct answers those who advocate an approach to systems theory that
focuses on the relationship of the system with the environment.
traditional authority correct answers an orientation toward authority that relies on a belief in
the sacredness of longstanding customs and that relies on the loyalty of individuals to
someone who has become a leader in a long-established way
direct tools correct answers instruments of government action through which government
agencies themselves provide government goods and services.
entitlements correct answers governmental programs through which an individual is
automatically guaranteed services—typically, a payment—because the individual meets
requirements set in law.
federal grants correct answers transfer of money from the federal government to state and
local governments in pursuit of national objectives.
government by proxy correct answers the rise of government's use of indirect tools of public
action (including contracts, grants, regulations, and special tax provisions) to pursue public
goals.
indirect tools correct answers the provision of public goods and services by nongovernmental
partners (and partners outside the level of government creating a program), through
instruments like grants, contracts, regulations, and special tax provisions
loan programs correct answers an indirect tool of government that seeks to fund public goals
by making credit available to individuals and organizations, either by the government's
making a direct loan or by the government guaranteeing the repayment of a loan made by a
private organization.
red tape correct answers a colloquial term for government regulations that tend to impose
large costs with few benefits. The term comes from Civil War-era documents, which were
tied up with red ribbons.
regulations correct answers rules set by government to govern the behavior of individuals and
organizations.
tax expenditures correct answers special advantages in the tax code to create incentive for
behavior the government wants to encourage. Tax expenditures include deductions (in which
individuals can reduce their income by the amount of an expenditure, such as a home
mortgage) and credits (in which individuals can reduce the tax due by the amount of an
expenditure, such as payments for child care).
Antideficiency Act correct answers the federal law that forbids government officials from
spending money not specifically appropriated for a purpose. The act limits the discretion of
, administrators. It also serves as the legal basis for shutting down the federal government
when Congress and the president fail to agree on a budget.
neutrality doctrine correct answers the principle that public administrators ought to manage
programs without political favoritism
nonprofit correct answers society's third sector, in addition to the public and private sectors.
Some nonprofits charge fees, some receive grants and contracts from the public and private
sectors, and others receive voluntary contributions; many operate under a combination of all
three revenue sources. Nonprofits exist to serve social purposes, instead of making profits
(like private organizations). They operate outside the public sector, but often help implement
governmental goals.
organizational theory correct answers the collection of concepts that seeks to describe and
predict the way that organizations—and the people in them—act.
oversight correct answers review of the behavior of individuals in organizations, and
organizations themselves, by those with authority over them. In public administration, the
term is used most commonly to refer to the review of administrative acts by legislatures.
performance measures correct answers assessments of success, of organizations and
individuals, in achieving the goals set for them.
policymaking correct answers the process of defining the goals that public organizations are
charged with seeking. Also referred to as policy formation.
public administration correct answers the process of translating public policies into results.
public bureaucracy correct answers the organizations charged with public administration
areal, or prefectoral, system correct answers an approach to government that structures its
organizations by a particular geographic region.
bureaus correct answers the basic building blocks of governmental organizations
cabinet correct answers the collection of administrative departments, as well as those
additional offices that the chief executive (such as the president) raises to that rank.
function correct answers the specific role or duty performed by a part of an organization.
government corporations correct answers organizations that perform public functions but that
are organized—and operate—like private companies, with a profit-and-loss bottom line
(including Amtrak and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation).
independent agencies correct answers governmental organizations that exist separately from
the cabinet departments.
National Security Council correct answers an organization within the Executive Office of the
President, established in 1947, to advise the president on matters of foreign and military
policy.
