NUSCTX 104 Final Exam questions with
correct answers
Nutrigenomics - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The relationship between genes and diet
Diet - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Individually what someone eats
Cuisine - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Collectively what a population eats
Physical Environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Why do we grow what we do? Climate, soil, water,
plant life, animal life.
Socioeconomic environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Broader economic and political environment
affects access to food.
Sociocultural Environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Technology, social organization, and ideology
Technology - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅A society's technology interacts with other aspects of culture
(ex. fire)
Social Organization - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Norms that regulate relationships and, in turn, access
to food.
Family - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Important economic unit responsible for producing and distributing
food.
Ideology - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Accepted definition of what is food. Possibly shaped by religion,
symbolism.
Sodium intake - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅High and very low sodium intake correlated with CVD
,Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Developing a new characteristic
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Fine-tuning a characteristic
Humans are... - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Opportunistic omnivores
SAD - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Standard American Diet: Processed foods, added sugars, sedentary
lifestyle, high levels of omega-6 vs omega-3.
Microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Gut bacteria that have evolved with human and dietary
evolution. Symbiotic relationship.
Evolution of humans - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅C/N isotopes in bones and teeth, tooth morphology,
dietary behavior of other primates, bones/shells next to hominid bones, locomotion and skeletal
anatomy.
Ardipithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅7-4 mya, closest link to other primates
Australopithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅4-2 mya, walked upright regularly, climbed trees
Parathropus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅3-1 mya, large teeth, powerful jaws
Homo group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅2.5 mya, larger brains, tools, expanded beyond Africa
The Expensive Tissue hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Big brains, small guts: Brains are greedy
for glucose, human brain uses 20% of BMR
Man-the-Hunter hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Human physiology started to change about 2
mya due to increased caloric density from meat
, The Cooking hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Cooking increases overall energy obtained from
that food by making digestion easier
Homo sapiens - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅200,000ya-present, Africa to worldwide, lived through
Paleolithic area
Paleolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅2.5mya-12,000ya, characterized by development of stone
tools, hunter-gatherer societies, low population density.
Neolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅12,000ya, aka "agricultural revolution" domestication of
plants and animals
Agricultural revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Lead to population explosion, but
also less diverse diet which leads to difficulty achieving balance, nutritional deficiencies, risk of
famine, infectious diseases, social inequality.
Neolithic era social changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Population growth, larger group settlements -
> social interaction, not everyone had to be involved in getting food, food trade
The Industrial Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Late 18th century, innovative technologies led to
mass production.
Industrial Revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Agriculture became industry, living
went from rural to urban, shift in meal patterns, "mixed blessings" regarding food
Cultural competency - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The delivery of health services that are respectful of
and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse
populations.
Cultural humility - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The ability of a person to maintain an interpersonal
stance that is open to other ways of life in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most
important to the person.
correct answers
Nutrigenomics - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The relationship between genes and diet
Diet - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Individually what someone eats
Cuisine - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Collectively what a population eats
Physical Environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Why do we grow what we do? Climate, soil, water,
plant life, animal life.
Socioeconomic environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Broader economic and political environment
affects access to food.
Sociocultural Environment - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Technology, social organization, and ideology
Technology - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅A society's technology interacts with other aspects of culture
(ex. fire)
Social Organization - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Norms that regulate relationships and, in turn, access
to food.
Family - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Important economic unit responsible for producing and distributing
food.
Ideology - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Accepted definition of what is food. Possibly shaped by religion,
symbolism.
Sodium intake - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅High and very low sodium intake correlated with CVD
,Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Developing a new characteristic
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Fine-tuning a characteristic
Humans are... - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Opportunistic omnivores
SAD - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Standard American Diet: Processed foods, added sugars, sedentary
lifestyle, high levels of omega-6 vs omega-3.
Microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Gut bacteria that have evolved with human and dietary
evolution. Symbiotic relationship.
Evolution of humans - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅C/N isotopes in bones and teeth, tooth morphology,
dietary behavior of other primates, bones/shells next to hominid bones, locomotion and skeletal
anatomy.
Ardipithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅7-4 mya, closest link to other primates
Australopithecus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅4-2 mya, walked upright regularly, climbed trees
Parathropus group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅3-1 mya, large teeth, powerful jaws
Homo group - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅2.5 mya, larger brains, tools, expanded beyond Africa
The Expensive Tissue hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Big brains, small guts: Brains are greedy
for glucose, human brain uses 20% of BMR
Man-the-Hunter hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Human physiology started to change about 2
mya due to increased caloric density from meat
, The Cooking hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Cooking increases overall energy obtained from
that food by making digestion easier
Homo sapiens - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅200,000ya-present, Africa to worldwide, lived through
Paleolithic area
Paleolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅2.5mya-12,000ya, characterized by development of stone
tools, hunter-gatherer societies, low population density.
Neolithic era - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅12,000ya, aka "agricultural revolution" domestication of
plants and animals
Agricultural revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Lead to population explosion, but
also less diverse diet which leads to difficulty achieving balance, nutritional deficiencies, risk of
famine, infectious diseases, social inequality.
Neolithic era social changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Population growth, larger group settlements -
> social interaction, not everyone had to be involved in getting food, food trade
The Industrial Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Late 18th century, innovative technologies led to
mass production.
Industrial Revolution dietary changes - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅Agriculture became industry, living
went from rural to urban, shift in meal patterns, "mixed blessings" regarding food
Cultural competency - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The delivery of health services that are respectful of
and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse
populations.
Cultural humility - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅The ability of a person to maintain an interpersonal
stance that is open to other ways of life in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most
important to the person.
