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Difference in formula and breastmilk (composition, nutritional component,
bacterial growth, - ✔✔human milk is a solution of nutrients and growth factors
while formula is homogenized solution of chemicals. human milk is a living fluid
that changes to meet the demand of the infant. Is bacteriostatic unlike formula
How much milk does the infant need - ✔✔It's important to remember that the
infant just needs enough milk
Each mothers milk is - ✔✔unique, changes to meet the needs of the infant,
changes dependent on gestational age, health of infant, time of day and time
during feeding
What does not change in breastmilk - ✔✔One thing that doesn't change is the
quality of the milk for the infant.
Changes in breastmilk - ✔✔-gestational age (preterm milk is higher in protein
and anti-infectives)
-stage of lactation (stage 1 colostrum, 2 copious milk secretion, 3 mature milk)
-time of day (mothers have more milk in the morning, in evenings feel less full,
at night breastmilk is higher in fat and lower in volume to promote sleep)
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, -Stage of feed (fore milk (95% of volume and hind milk 5%) increase in fat
concentration
-Maternal diet total amount is not affected but types of fat influence fatty acids
-age of infant (each mothers milk constantly changes to meet the needs of
infant. salivary amylase fine-tunes what is in breast milk
-between breasts breast milk will adapt to feeding two infants or children with
different needs if each nurses one breast
-mother or infant are ill. mothers antibodies will protect the infant
Content of colostrum - ✔✔more concetrated in protein, minerals, igs, less fat
than mature milk
When to mothers produce colostrum - ✔✔In the last trimester of pregnancy and
for the first 2-3 days after birth
Contents of Colostrum - ✔✔High density and low volume
high in immunoglobulins (iga) (even higher in preterm colostrum)
lactose (prevents hypoglycemia and facilitates passage of meconium which
helps excretion of bilirubin)
laxative lacto albumin/curd ration aids in digestion
All 10 amino acids
high levels of stem cells
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