Summary Topic 2 Enzymes

Enzymes
Enzyme >
-



Biological Catalyst ->
speed up
reactions without
being used
up by lowering the

Structure : activation
energy

S.I units
-

Globular proteins >..
-
soluble


-

Active site - the
region on the
enzyme
the substrate binds to
(hydrophobic
-
> the part with catalytic function


-




Specific
-
>
Shape (active site) + substrate




Allosteric
+ site -
where natural molecules or
drugs bind
(effectors)
-




Effector can be inhibitors or activators
by changing
the shape of
the active
site
competitive inhibition other aren't
-

non as molecules
competing
Intracellular/Extracellular

Cutabolic substrate two products
breaking
- a into

Anabolic - two substrates into
larger substance
joining a .




Lock and
Key -Substrate with a
complementary shape
to active site
forms temporary bonds

Theory
: with the amino acids he
of active site

-



forms enzyme-substrate complex (ESC's)
-reacts more
easily

-product released
,
enzyme unchanged
>
specificity
-




fit
Induced -Enzyme fore
substrate complex is a


>
active site
-


changes shape
non-covalent bonds
form between active site and the substrate
·




·

Distorts substrate which makes or breaks bonds