ADC Exam - Counseling Section UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Six Stages of Counseling - CORRECT ANSWER - 1) Information Gathering - Counselor
gathers as much info as possible to make a valid assessment and treatment plan
2) Evaluation - Nature and severity of the presenting problem, cause of the symptoms, relief of
the symptoms, client's readiness for counseling, and client/counselor match
3) Feedback
4) Counseling Agreement - Practical issues which set limits (length of session, number of
sessions, payment), expectations, goals
5) Changing Behavior
6) Termination - Is a stage in the counseling process, not the last session
Transference - CORRECT ANSWER - The client begins to exhibit feelings towards the
counselor that were originally felt towards significant others. May be positive or negative,
counselor should explore these feelings with the client to help the client understand their
reactions.
Countertransference - CORRECT ANSWER - Therapist has transference reaction to the
patient
Recovery-oriented systems of care (ROSC) - CORRECT ANSWER - A person-centered
and strength-based approach to treatment. This approach views recovery as a process of pursuing
a fulfilling life and seeks to enhance a person's positive self-image and identity through linking
their strengths with family and community resources.
Psychodynamic / Psychoanalytic Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Freud.
The human personality is controlled by unconscious mental processes that develop early in
childhood and involve the interaction of id, ego, and superego.
, Describe 3 parts of the mind proposed in the Psychodynamic Theory - CORRECT
ANSWER - Id- unconscious instincts concerned about desires, not consequences.
Ego- mostly conscious, rational division of mind. Mediator between id & super-ego.
Super-ego- conscience / source of moral behavior.
Rational Emotive Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - A Cognitive Therapy based on Albert
Ellis' theory that cognitions control our emotions and behaviors; therefore, changing the way we
think about things will affect the way we feel and the way we behave.
defense mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER - repression, denial, projection,
rationalization, displacement, intellectualization, regression
Gestalt Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Fritz Perls. A person is shaped by
their experiences. Purpose is to create a healthy personality through the blending of good & bad
experiences while accepting action for their own actions, ideas, and emotions.
Transactional Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Eric Berne. Individual has
3 ego states; parent state, adult state, and child state. Focuses on patterns of interaction with
others, especially patterns that indicate personal problems.
Unconscious positions people view the world:
1.) I'm not OK- you're OK
2.) I'm not OK- you're not OK
3.) I'm OK- you're not OK
4.) I'm OK- you're OK
Reality Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by William Glasser. States that a
healthy person satisfies their own needs without harming others. Therapist helps client make
choices that align with accepted morality, which creates happiness.
Alderian Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Alfred Adler. States that people
are goal driven and in control of their own futures. Focuses on changing cognitive perspective
when needed and creating socially appropriate goals.
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Six Stages of Counseling - CORRECT ANSWER - 1) Information Gathering - Counselor
gathers as much info as possible to make a valid assessment and treatment plan
2) Evaluation - Nature and severity of the presenting problem, cause of the symptoms, relief of
the symptoms, client's readiness for counseling, and client/counselor match
3) Feedback
4) Counseling Agreement - Practical issues which set limits (length of session, number of
sessions, payment), expectations, goals
5) Changing Behavior
6) Termination - Is a stage in the counseling process, not the last session
Transference - CORRECT ANSWER - The client begins to exhibit feelings towards the
counselor that were originally felt towards significant others. May be positive or negative,
counselor should explore these feelings with the client to help the client understand their
reactions.
Countertransference - CORRECT ANSWER - Therapist has transference reaction to the
patient
Recovery-oriented systems of care (ROSC) - CORRECT ANSWER - A person-centered
and strength-based approach to treatment. This approach views recovery as a process of pursuing
a fulfilling life and seeks to enhance a person's positive self-image and identity through linking
their strengths with family and community resources.
Psychodynamic / Psychoanalytic Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Freud.
The human personality is controlled by unconscious mental processes that develop early in
childhood and involve the interaction of id, ego, and superego.
, Describe 3 parts of the mind proposed in the Psychodynamic Theory - CORRECT
ANSWER - Id- unconscious instincts concerned about desires, not consequences.
Ego- mostly conscious, rational division of mind. Mediator between id & super-ego.
Super-ego- conscience / source of moral behavior.
Rational Emotive Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - A Cognitive Therapy based on Albert
Ellis' theory that cognitions control our emotions and behaviors; therefore, changing the way we
think about things will affect the way we feel and the way we behave.
defense mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER - repression, denial, projection,
rationalization, displacement, intellectualization, regression
Gestalt Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Fritz Perls. A person is shaped by
their experiences. Purpose is to create a healthy personality through the blending of good & bad
experiences while accepting action for their own actions, ideas, and emotions.
Transactional Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Eric Berne. Individual has
3 ego states; parent state, adult state, and child state. Focuses on patterns of interaction with
others, especially patterns that indicate personal problems.
Unconscious positions people view the world:
1.) I'm not OK- you're OK
2.) I'm not OK- you're not OK
3.) I'm OK- you're not OK
4.) I'm OK- you're OK
Reality Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by William Glasser. States that a
healthy person satisfies their own needs without harming others. Therapist helps client make
choices that align with accepted morality, which creates happiness.
Alderian Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - Developed by Alfred Adler. States that people
are goal driven and in control of their own futures. Focuses on changing cognitive perspective
when needed and creating socially appropriate goals.
