PH 340 - Cancer Facts Test With
Complete Solution
What is cancer? - ANSWER uncontrolled cell growth and spread of abnormal cells
What percent of newly diagnosed cancers in the U.S. are potentially avoidable? -
ANSWER 42%
What percent of cancers is caused by smoking? - ANSWER 19%
What percent of cancers are caused by a combination of excess body weight, alcohol
consumption, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity - ANSWER 18%
What infectious agents can cause certain cancers? - ANSWER HPV, HBV, HCV, H. pylori
How can screenings prevent cancer? - ANSWER early detection (requires less intensive
treatment and higher success rate)
Who is at risk of developing cancer? - ANSWER everyone; risk increases with age
What percent of people diagnosed with cancer in the US are 50 years or older? -
ANSWER 88%
Observations of the graph "Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates-Men" -
ANSWER 1. largest increase in death rate from lung and bronchus cancer (linked to
cigarettes being given to soldiers during war)
2. stomach cancer deaths decreased due to lifestyle changes
What is relative risk? - ANSWER the strength of the relationship between exposure to a
given risk factor and cancer
How is it measured? - ANSWER comparing the rate of cancer in a group of people with a
certain exposure or trait to the rate in a group of people without of characteristic
How does smoking cigarettes increase likelihood of developing lung cancer? - ANSWER
person who smokes cigarettes is 25 times more likely to develop lung cancer than
someone who has never smoked
What is the relative risk of lung cancer among people who smoke? - ANSWER 25
Observations of the graph "Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates-Women" -
ANSWER 1. highest is still lung & bronchus cancer but later in years
2. colon and rectum cancer lower in women than men
Complete Solution
What is cancer? - ANSWER uncontrolled cell growth and spread of abnormal cells
What percent of newly diagnosed cancers in the U.S. are potentially avoidable? -
ANSWER 42%
What percent of cancers is caused by smoking? - ANSWER 19%
What percent of cancers are caused by a combination of excess body weight, alcohol
consumption, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity - ANSWER 18%
What infectious agents can cause certain cancers? - ANSWER HPV, HBV, HCV, H. pylori
How can screenings prevent cancer? - ANSWER early detection (requires less intensive
treatment and higher success rate)
Who is at risk of developing cancer? - ANSWER everyone; risk increases with age
What percent of people diagnosed with cancer in the US are 50 years or older? -
ANSWER 88%
Observations of the graph "Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates-Men" -
ANSWER 1. largest increase in death rate from lung and bronchus cancer (linked to
cigarettes being given to soldiers during war)
2. stomach cancer deaths decreased due to lifestyle changes
What is relative risk? - ANSWER the strength of the relationship between exposure to a
given risk factor and cancer
How is it measured? - ANSWER comparing the rate of cancer in a group of people with a
certain exposure or trait to the rate in a group of people without of characteristic
How does smoking cigarettes increase likelihood of developing lung cancer? - ANSWER
person who smokes cigarettes is 25 times more likely to develop lung cancer than
someone who has never smoked
What is the relative risk of lung cancer among people who smoke? - ANSWER 25
Observations of the graph "Trends in Age-adjusted Cancer Death Rates-Women" -
ANSWER 1. highest is still lung & bronchus cancer but later in years
2. colon and rectum cancer lower in women than men
