Coleman Exam 5 Molecular Biology
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Dominant - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait that will always show if present
Recessive - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait that will only show if there are no dominant
alleles present.
Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER - the combination of alleles that makes up a phenotype.
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER - the trait that an individual shows.
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER - a different version of a gene for the same trait.
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER - when the genotype consists of two identical
alleles.
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER - when the genotype consists of two different
alleles.
Meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - a special cell division process that creates gametes and
halves the chromosomes. Can be messed up which creates Down syndrome and Turner
syndrome.
pure breeding - CORRECT ANSWER - where two individuals with homozygous
genotypes mate.
,Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait with 3 different phenotypes and each
genotype 1,1 1,2 2,2 has their own phenotypes. The homozygouses usually bleed into the
heterozygous.
multiple alleles - CORRECT ANSWER - when there are multiple alleles in the geno pool
and there are more than 2 phenotypes and the alleles can be dominant recessive or codominant
Continuous traits - CORRECT ANSWER - traits that require multiple pairs of genes Aka
polygenic traits.
Parental cross - CORRECT ANSWER - a cross between two pure breeding individuals
with opposite traits and is usually symbolized with a P.
F1 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - the offspring of a parental cross that shows only
the dominant trait. Aka genotype is always 1,2
F2 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - the offspring of a cross between f1 individuals.
sex chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - the chromosomes that is used to identify the
individuals sex aka the x and Y chromosomes. Y is always shorter.
sex-linked traits - CORRECT ANSWER - traits that are mainly found in men because it is
carried on the X chromosome and their Y chromosome is a blank slate so they show the recessive
trait.
Gene Pool - CORRECT ANSWER - the place where there all are several alleles present to
choose from in a population.
Frequency - CORRECT ANSWER - the number of times a certain allele is present.
Genes - CORRECT ANSWER - a section of a DNA that codes for one protein.
, Mutations - CORRECT ANSWER - a mistake in cell division in the gene that leads to
diversity in cells
What is the probability of drawing a king from a standard deck of cards? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 4/52 or 1/13
What is the probability of drawing a king first then a jack? (Assume you place it back) -
CORRECT ANSWER - 4/52 • 4/52 or 1/13 •1/13= 1/169
What is the probability that if you draw two cards one will be a jack and one will be a king.
(Assume you put it back) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/13 • 1/13 = 1/169 +1/169 =2/169
What is the probability of rolling three standard dice and getting 5's on all of them? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1/6 • 1/6 • 1/6 =1/216
What is the probability of flipping three coins and having two of them come up heads and one
come up tails? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 =3/8
What is the probability that a couple's third child will be a girl? - CORRECT ANSWER -
1/2
What is the probability that a couple with at least 2 children will have a boy first then a girl? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1/2 • 1/2 = 1/4
What is the probability that a couple with two children will have one boy and one girl? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1/2 + 1/2 = 2/4 = 1/2
If one in ten hamsters have red eyes and one in 5 hamsters are spotted what are the chances of
having a spotted, red-eyed hamster? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/10 • 1/5 = 1/50
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Dominant - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait that will always show if present
Recessive - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait that will only show if there are no dominant
alleles present.
Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER - the combination of alleles that makes up a phenotype.
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER - the trait that an individual shows.
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER - a different version of a gene for the same trait.
Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER - when the genotype consists of two identical
alleles.
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER - when the genotype consists of two different
alleles.
Meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER - a special cell division process that creates gametes and
halves the chromosomes. Can be messed up which creates Down syndrome and Turner
syndrome.
pure breeding - CORRECT ANSWER - where two individuals with homozygous
genotypes mate.
,Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER - a trait with 3 different phenotypes and each
genotype 1,1 1,2 2,2 has their own phenotypes. The homozygouses usually bleed into the
heterozygous.
multiple alleles - CORRECT ANSWER - when there are multiple alleles in the geno pool
and there are more than 2 phenotypes and the alleles can be dominant recessive or codominant
Continuous traits - CORRECT ANSWER - traits that require multiple pairs of genes Aka
polygenic traits.
Parental cross - CORRECT ANSWER - a cross between two pure breeding individuals
with opposite traits and is usually symbolized with a P.
F1 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - the offspring of a parental cross that shows only
the dominant trait. Aka genotype is always 1,2
F2 generation - CORRECT ANSWER - the offspring of a cross between f1 individuals.
sex chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - the chromosomes that is used to identify the
individuals sex aka the x and Y chromosomes. Y is always shorter.
sex-linked traits - CORRECT ANSWER - traits that are mainly found in men because it is
carried on the X chromosome and their Y chromosome is a blank slate so they show the recessive
trait.
Gene Pool - CORRECT ANSWER - the place where there all are several alleles present to
choose from in a population.
Frequency - CORRECT ANSWER - the number of times a certain allele is present.
Genes - CORRECT ANSWER - a section of a DNA that codes for one protein.
, Mutations - CORRECT ANSWER - a mistake in cell division in the gene that leads to
diversity in cells
What is the probability of drawing a king from a standard deck of cards? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 4/52 or 1/13
What is the probability of drawing a king first then a jack? (Assume you place it back) -
CORRECT ANSWER - 4/52 • 4/52 or 1/13 •1/13= 1/169
What is the probability that if you draw two cards one will be a jack and one will be a king.
(Assume you put it back) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/13 • 1/13 = 1/169 +1/169 =2/169
What is the probability of rolling three standard dice and getting 5's on all of them? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1/6 • 1/6 • 1/6 =1/216
What is the probability of flipping three coins and having two of them come up heads and one
come up tails? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 =3/8
What is the probability that a couple's third child will be a girl? - CORRECT ANSWER -
1/2
What is the probability that a couple with at least 2 children will have a boy first then a girl? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1/2 • 1/2 = 1/4
What is the probability that a couple with two children will have one boy and one girl? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1/2 + 1/2 = 2/4 = 1/2
If one in ten hamsters have red eyes and one in 5 hamsters are spotted what are the chances of
having a spotted, red-eyed hamster? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1/10 • 1/5 = 1/50
