NURS 373 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
Explain cleft lip and palate feeding. Correct Answers Issues
- Difficulty feeding
- Parents challenged
Techniques and interventions
- Upright position
- Head cradled in hand
Special feeding equipment
- CL/CP nurser
- Haberman nipple
Breastfeeding issues
Explain decreased pulmonary blood flow defects of CHD.
Correct Answers - Pulmonary blood flow obstructed +
anatomical defect (ASD or VSD) between the right & left sides
of the heart
- Blood has difficulty exiting right side of heart (pressure on
right side increases, allowing desaturated blood to shunt right to
left ~ results in desaturation in left side of heart & systemic
circulation)
Examples: tetralogy of fallot, tricuspid atresia
Explain empathy and sympathy. Correct Answers - Empathy
fuels connection (choice)
- Sympathy drives connection
,Explain gastroesophageal reflux disease. Correct Answers -
GER ~ lower esophageal sphincter relaxes (allows passive
regurgitation of stomach contents into esophagus, may also enter
airway {aspiration})
- Serious manifestation of GER
- Characterized by: poor weight gain, esophagitis, persistent
respiratory symptoms,
- Requires tx
Explain increased pulmonary blood flow defects for CHD.
Correct Answers Abnormal connection between two sides of
heart
- Either the septum or the great vessels
- Increased blood volume on right side of heart
- Increased pulmonary blood flow
- Decreased systemic blood flow
Examples:
- Atrial septal defect
- VSD
- Patent ductus arteriosus
Explain mixed defects of CHD. Correct Answers - Fully
saturated systemic blood flow mixes with desaturated
pulmonary blood flow (causing relative desaturation of systemic
blood flow)
- Pulmonary congestion occurs
- CO decreased b/c of volume load on ventricle
Examples:
- Transposition of great arteries or vessels
,- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
- Truncus arteriosis
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Explain systemic hypertension. Correct Answers Primary: no
known cause
Secondary: identified cause - may be curable
Pediatrics: hypertension generally secondary to structural
abnormality or underlying pathology (renal disease,
cardiovascular disease, endocrine or neurologic disorder)
Explain wound care basics. Correct Answers - Wash wound
with mild soap and water and rinse
- Avoid povidone-iodine, alcohol, and hydrogen peroxide (toxic
to wounds)
- Cover open wound (leave wide margin of intact skin around
dressing, remove dressing if leakage; remove carefully)
How does palliative care for children differ? Correct Answers -
Children and adolescents are in a process of physical, emotional,
cognitive and spiritual development
- Depending on their age, they have different skills and different
needs
- Communicate differently
- Understanding their illness, death/dying, depends on their age
- Children are members of families, schools - we need to
consider implications of care related to this
, How is the transmission of bacterial meningitis? Correct
Answers - Droplet infection from nasopharyngeal secretions
- Appears as extension of other bacterial infection through
vascular dissemination
- Organisms then spread through CSF
How to diagnose GER? Correct Answers - H&P
- Endoscopy for esophagitis
How to distinguish illness beliefs? Correct Answers Invite,
listen, and be witness to illness narratives
Exploring beliefs surrounding:
- Illness suffering
- Diagnosis, etiology, prognosis
- Healing and treatment
- Mastery, control, and influence
- Religion/spirituality
- The place of illness in lives and relationships
How to prevent diarrhea? Correct Answers - Most diarrhea is
spread by the fecal-oral route
- Teach personal hygiene
- Clean water supply/protect from contamination
- Careful food preparation
- Handwashing
What are absence seizures? Correct Answers - Formerly called
petit mal or lapses
- Brief loss of consciousness
- Minimal or no change in muscle tone
Explain cleft lip and palate feeding. Correct Answers Issues
- Difficulty feeding
- Parents challenged
Techniques and interventions
- Upright position
- Head cradled in hand
Special feeding equipment
- CL/CP nurser
- Haberman nipple
Breastfeeding issues
Explain decreased pulmonary blood flow defects of CHD.
Correct Answers - Pulmonary blood flow obstructed +
anatomical defect (ASD or VSD) between the right & left sides
of the heart
- Blood has difficulty exiting right side of heart (pressure on
right side increases, allowing desaturated blood to shunt right to
left ~ results in desaturation in left side of heart & systemic
circulation)
Examples: tetralogy of fallot, tricuspid atresia
Explain empathy and sympathy. Correct Answers - Empathy
fuels connection (choice)
- Sympathy drives connection
,Explain gastroesophageal reflux disease. Correct Answers -
GER ~ lower esophageal sphincter relaxes (allows passive
regurgitation of stomach contents into esophagus, may also enter
airway {aspiration})
- Serious manifestation of GER
- Characterized by: poor weight gain, esophagitis, persistent
respiratory symptoms,
- Requires tx
Explain increased pulmonary blood flow defects for CHD.
Correct Answers Abnormal connection between two sides of
heart
- Either the septum or the great vessels
- Increased blood volume on right side of heart
- Increased pulmonary blood flow
- Decreased systemic blood flow
Examples:
- Atrial septal defect
- VSD
- Patent ductus arteriosus
Explain mixed defects of CHD. Correct Answers - Fully
saturated systemic blood flow mixes with desaturated
pulmonary blood flow (causing relative desaturation of systemic
blood flow)
- Pulmonary congestion occurs
- CO decreased b/c of volume load on ventricle
Examples:
- Transposition of great arteries or vessels
,- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
- Truncus arteriosis
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Explain systemic hypertension. Correct Answers Primary: no
known cause
Secondary: identified cause - may be curable
Pediatrics: hypertension generally secondary to structural
abnormality or underlying pathology (renal disease,
cardiovascular disease, endocrine or neurologic disorder)
Explain wound care basics. Correct Answers - Wash wound
with mild soap and water and rinse
- Avoid povidone-iodine, alcohol, and hydrogen peroxide (toxic
to wounds)
- Cover open wound (leave wide margin of intact skin around
dressing, remove dressing if leakage; remove carefully)
How does palliative care for children differ? Correct Answers -
Children and adolescents are in a process of physical, emotional,
cognitive and spiritual development
- Depending on their age, they have different skills and different
needs
- Communicate differently
- Understanding their illness, death/dying, depends on their age
- Children are members of families, schools - we need to
consider implications of care related to this
, How is the transmission of bacterial meningitis? Correct
Answers - Droplet infection from nasopharyngeal secretions
- Appears as extension of other bacterial infection through
vascular dissemination
- Organisms then spread through CSF
How to diagnose GER? Correct Answers - H&P
- Endoscopy for esophagitis
How to distinguish illness beliefs? Correct Answers Invite,
listen, and be witness to illness narratives
Exploring beliefs surrounding:
- Illness suffering
- Diagnosis, etiology, prognosis
- Healing and treatment
- Mastery, control, and influence
- Religion/spirituality
- The place of illness in lives and relationships
How to prevent diarrhea? Correct Answers - Most diarrhea is
spread by the fecal-oral route
- Teach personal hygiene
- Clean water supply/protect from contamination
- Careful food preparation
- Handwashing
What are absence seizures? Correct Answers - Formerly called
petit mal or lapses
- Brief loss of consciousness
- Minimal or no change in muscle tone
