Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Problems

Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Proble nm nm nm nm


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1.A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of
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a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads t
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o nm

of the remaining liver cells.
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A. Metaplasia
B. Organ atrophy nm

C. Compensatory hyperplasia nm

D. Physiologic hyperplasia: C nm nm


2.An older adult patient comes to the clinic complaining of not being
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mable to do what he used to be able to. You know that normal change
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s associated with aging include: (Select all that apply.)
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A. Improved blood flow nm nm

B. Slowed metabolic rate nm nm

C. Decreased brain weight nm nm

D. Improved nerve fiber conduction nm nm nm

E. Less respiratory capacity: B, C, E
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3.A 20-year-
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old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a
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mscheduled Pap smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will
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examine cell samples for evidence of:
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A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
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B. Presence of unexpected cell types nm nm nm nm

C. Ischemic changes in cell sample nm nm nm nm

D. Abnormally high numbers of cells: A nm nm nm nm nm


4.The parents of a 4-year-
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old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to chewi
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ng and swallowing imported toy figurines that have been determined t
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o be made of lead. Which of the following blood tests should the care
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team prioritize?
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A. White blood cell levels with differential
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B. Red blood cell levels and morphology
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C. Urea and creatinine levels
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D. Liver function panel: nm nm n

B Lead -
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> anemia, RBC lysis
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1nm/
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, Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Proble nm nm nm nm


ms
You know it's not A because there is no infection involved. C is fo
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cused on kidney function while D is focused on liver function. Both
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of these would be important in the case of lead poisoning BUT t
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he priority answer is B, because you need first to
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2nm/
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, Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Proble nm nm nm nm


ms
address the most life- nm nm nm

threatening patient needs. The little girl in this question can go int
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o shock or suffer permanent organ damage if her RBCs are low.
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5.A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has developed sig
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ns of dry gangrene on the great toe of one foot. Which of the followi
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ng pathophysi-
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ologic processes most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
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A. Inappropriate activation of apoptosis nm nm nm

B. Bacterial invasion nm

C. Impaired arterial blood supply nm nm nm


D. Metaplastic cellular changes: B nm nm nm




Remember that it's not C because to have gangrene, you must hav
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e infection
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6.Although stress exposure initiates integrated responses by multiple
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msys-
tems, the most important changes are first activated by which syst
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em?

A. Pulmonary
B. Gastrointestinal
C. Neuroendocrine
D. Cardiovascular: C nm


7.Which manifestation of stress reflects the non-
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specific fight or flight re- sponse?
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A. Decreased pupillary light response nm nm nm

B. Increased GI motility nm nm

C. Decreased short-term memory nm nm

D. Increased cardiopulmonary rates: D nm nm nm




This would fall under physiologic responses to stress!!
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Slide 25 in your lecture powerpoint
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8.Stress-induced cortisol hormone secretion is associated with:
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A. Increased growth hormone level nm nm nm

B. Regulation of the stress response nm nm nm nm

C. Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone nm nm



3nm/
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, Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Proble nm nm nm nm


ms
D. Depressed adrenal gland function: B
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You know it's not A because I mentioned in an earlier slide that g
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rowth hormone levels decrease with stress. We didn't mention thyr
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oid-stimulating hormone as one nm nm nm




4nm/
nm33