NURS 311 Midterm 1 (Weeks 1-5) questions and answers.

NURS 311 Midterm 1 (Weeks 1-5) questions
and answers.
What are the sources of knowledge for nursing practice? -
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Tradition/rituals
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Authority
Trial and error fl fl



Experience
Research

How did Canadian nursing and research generally progress? -
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Nursing research went from apprenticeship to having nursing leaders in nursing chairs
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leading specific researchers
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What were the knowledge sources in 1639, when nursing was only in the level of
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apprenticeship training? -
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Traditions
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Trial and error fl fl



Experience

What was Nightingale known for? What did she do? -
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Statistics - she looked at public health conditions and how they affected the recovery of
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soldiers
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In which province did the formal nurse training program based on hospital apprenticeship
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model occur? -
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Ontario
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Where did the first nursing degree occur? -
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University of British Columbia
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What were the precursors for change, in which nursing became increasingly scientific and
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specialized? -
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WWII
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Medicare

Where did the first nursing PhD program occur? -
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University of Alberta
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What establishment propelled things like Nursing Research Chairs? -
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Canadian Consortium for Nursing Research and Innovation
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What started nursing research? -fl fl fl fl fl



Nightingale in the 1900's - public health
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What does nursing professional practice equal? -
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Evidence-based practice
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1|Pa g e
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, What did Benner state about nursing knowledge? -
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Nurses have tasset knowledge - a 6th sense, which takes 5-10 years to acquire
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What are the 5 stages of evidence-based practice? -
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(Ask) Create answerable/searchable questions
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(Search) Perform searches in bibliographic databases
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(Appraise) Critically assess and summarize the research fl fl fl fl fl fl



(Implement) Transfer research findings into nursing practice fl fl fl fl fl fl



(Evaluate) outcomes fl




Evidence-based practice vs. evidence-informed practice - fl fl fl fl fl fl



Based: early models only focus on research without accounting for whether research is
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relevant
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Informed: values patient preferences, clinical expertise fl fl fl fl fl




What is knowledge transfer? - fl fl fl fl fl



The cognitive and interpersonal processes of applying knowledge gained in one situation
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to similar situations
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What is research utilization? -
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Using knowledge to guide practice
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Which organizations have policy statements that say you have to use EBP, as a nurse? -
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WHO
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CNA
CARNA

Which organization protects/advocates for the public? -
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CARNA
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Best nursing evidence is _______________________ and _________________________ -
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Methodologically rigorous and clinically relevant
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What does the approach of nursing research depend on? -
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The goal of the study
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What are the purposes of EBP? -
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Therapy, treatment, intervention
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Diagnosis and assessment fl fl



Prognosis
Causation and harm (aetiology) fl fl fl



Meaning and process fl fl




What is single RCT? - fl fl fl fl fl



Highest level of evidence under systematic review
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Most rigorous form of research that establishes cause and effect
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What are the organizational level challenges with implementing evidence? -
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Lack of value for research in practice
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2|Pa g e
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