MCAT Biology Practice Exam Questions With 100% Correct And Verified Answers

MCAT Biology Practice Exam Questions
With 100% Correct And Verified Answers
theichemicalireactionithatibreaksidowniallitheimajori
macro-moleculesi-iCorrectiAnswer-Hydrolysis

WhatiisitheistrongestitypeiofiINTER-
molecularibonds?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Hydrogenibondsiareitheistrongestiintermolecularibo
nds....
diople-
dipoleibondsiareiweaker.i.i.iVanderiwallibondsiareithei
weakest.

Whyiisiwateriailiquidiatihighitemperatures?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

Hydrogenibondingibondsitheiwaterimoloculesicloseri
together.

Whatiisianiampipathicimolecule?igiveianiExample.i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

Aimoleculeiwithibothihydrophobiciandihydrophilicire
gions.
Example:iPhoshpoLipidi(Phospho=philic,lipid=iphob
ic)

Whatiisiailipid?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Ailipidiisiaibiologicalimoleculeiwithilowisolubilityiiniw
ater.i
Lipidimeansifat.iLiposuctioniisifatiremoval.i
PeptidesiareiNOTilipids.




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,Whatiareithei6imajorigroupsiofilipids?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-1)ifattyiacids...i

theinexti3ihaveiai3icarbonibackibone:
2)iTri-glyceridei
3)iPhospholipidsi
4)iGlycolipids
5)iSteroids
6)iTerpenesi-
iAilargeiclassiofiorganicicompounds.iexamples:ismell

yipineioils,ibeerihopsiaromaiandivitaminiA.

WhatiisitheistructureiofiaiTri-glyceride?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

trigliceridesiareiesters.iComposedifromi3icarboniglyc
erolibackboneiandi3ifattyiacidichainsidangling.iEachi
carbonichainiisiattachedibyianiesteribond.

WhatihappensiifiyouiaddiwateritoianiesterigroupiiniaiT
ri-glyceride?iHowiisithisireactionirateiincreased?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

Watericleavesitheiesteribondiintoianialcoholiandiaicar
boxylic/
ifattyiacid.iLIPASESispeediareitheienzymeithatispeedit

hisireaction.

initermsiofiwaterisolubility,iWhatiisiimportantitoikno
wiaboutitheilongeritheicarbonichainiiniaiTri-
glycerideiwhenibrokenidown?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
longericarbonichainsiareilessiwaterisoluble.
Inilongerichainsitheipolaricarboxyliciacidiareilessisig
nificant.




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,HowisolubleiisiaiShorterichainifattyiacids?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

Shorterichainifattyiacidsiareislightlyiwaterisoluble.

explainiwhatiisisoispecialiaboutiSaturatediFattyiAcids
........Also,iexplainitheimeltingipoint.i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

saturatedifattyiacidsihaveionlyisingle,ialkaneibondsial
ongitheicarbonichain.iTheyihaveiaistraighterichainian
dihaveimoreivanideriwalliforces,iandithereforiaihigheri
meltingipoint.

explainiwhatiisisoispecialiaboutiUnsaturatediFattyiAci
d....iAlso,iexplainitheimeltingipoint.i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Unsaturatedifattyiacidsihaveiatileastioneidoubleibond
.iTheyiareinotisaturatediwithiHydrogen.itheyihaveiaiL
OWERimeltingipoint.
Atiroomitemperaturesiunsaturatedifattyiacidsimayibei
oily,ilikeiHealthyipeanutibutter.

explainitheiphospho-
lipidsistructure.iWhereiareiphoshpoilipidsicommon?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

Phospholipidsiareialsoibuiltioniai3iCarbonibackbone.i
OneiofitheicarbonihasiaiPhosphateiPO4igroup.itheioth
eri2icarbonsihaveicarbonichainsiattachedibyiaiesterib
ond.
Thisiisitheilollypopiofitheicellimembrane.iEstersihavei
2ioxygens.

Whatiregionsiareipoplarinonpolariiniaimembrane?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

1)theiphosphatesiareiPolar,iwaterilovin,ihydroiphilicir
egionsithatifaceitheioutside.

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, 2)iNonpolar,ihydroiphobicicarbonichainiregionsifaceit
heiinside.

Explainiglycolipidsistructure.i-iCorrectiAnswer-
glycolipidsihavei3icarbonibackboneiwith
2iCarbonichainsiattachedibyianiesterigroup.
THeithirdicarbonihasiaicarbohydrate

Whatidoisteroidsilookilike?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Slightlyiamphipathici4iringistructures

lipidsiareiinsoluble.iSoihowidoitheyimoveithroughithei
blood?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Theyiareiusuallyicarriedibyilipoproteins,ilikeiHDLioriL
DL.

Whatiareitheimajoriclassesiofilipoproteins?i-
iCorrectiAnswer-

1)iChylomicronsiwhichiareitheilargesti
2)iVLDLsitheseiareilowidenstiy,ibutilarge.
3)iLDLs
4)iHDLs.itheseihighidensityilipidsiareitheismallest,ian
dicalledigoodiproteins.

Whatiareiproteinsimadeiupiof?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
oneiorimoreichainsiofiaminoiacids,iperhapsiiniaicrazyi
assiarrangement.

describeiaminoiacidistructure.i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Aminoiacidsihavei4ipartsiattacheditoitheialphaicarbon
.
1.itheiaminoigroup,iwhichiisiNH2
2.itheiRigroup,iwhichiisioneiofi20ichoices
3.itheiCarboxyliciacidioriCiOiO

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