Anesthesia Pharm II Exam 1: Inhalational
Agents to be continued UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Name the 13 characteristics of an Ideal Inhaled Anesthetic - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Nonflammable
2. Easily Vaporized at ambient temperature
3. Potent
4. Low blood solubility to assure rapid induction and recovery from anesthesia
5. Minimal metabolism
6. Compatible with epinephrine
7. Skeletal muscle relaxation
8. Suppresses excessive sympathetic nervous system activity
9. Not irritating to airways
10. Bronchodilation
11. Absence of excessive myocardial depression
12. Absence of cerebral vasodilation
13. Absence of hepatic and renal toxicity
What inhaled anesthetic does not meet the ideal of being easily vaporized at ambient
temperature? - CORRECT ANSWER - Desflurane.
At ambient temp it evaporates quickly.
Which inhaled anesthetic is metabolized the most? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane
Which inhaled anesthetic is metabolized the least? - CORRECT ANSWER - Desflurane
,Also has the least negative effects on liver and kidneys
Which inhaled anesthetic has the most potential for arrhythmias? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Halothane
What 2 inhaled anesthetics are not irritating to the airways? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Sevoflurane and halothane
Compound A is related to what inhaled anesthetic? What organ does it affect the most? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Sevoflurane
Causes nephrotoxicity
Name the problems with ether we discussed in class? - CORRECT ANSWER - Flammability,
prolonged induction, delayed emergence and high incidence of PONV
What does BAR stand for in MACbar? - CORRECT ANSWER - Block autonomic/adrenergic
response
Is Halothane an ether? - CORRECT ANSWER - No. It is an Alkane
Advantages of Halothane compared to Ether - CORRECT ANSWER - Nonflammable
Less pungent (less side effects)
Less soluble
Decreased toxicity
Disadvantages of Halothane - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased CO
Increased arrhythmias
, Hepatotoxicity
What are the effects of increased fluorination? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nonflammable
Decreased solubility - MAIN ADVANTAGE
Decreased potency - increased MAC
Less toxic due to resistance to degradation
Decreased percentage metabolized
Vapor pressure is dependent on? What unit is vapor pressure measured in? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Temperature!
mmHg
What is the preservative in Sevoflurane? - CORRECT ANSWER - Just water!
1.3 MAC = ED? - CORRECT ANSWER - ED95!
What is MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Minimum alveolar concentration (partial pressure)
of an inhaled agent at 1 atmosphere that prevents skeletal muscle movement in response to a
noxious stimulus in 50% of patients.
ED50
Potency
How much greater of a concentration than MAC produces immobility in 90-95% of patients? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 10-30%
The more potent the ________ the MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - The MORE potent the
LOWER the MAC
Agents to be continued UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Name the 13 characteristics of an Ideal Inhaled Anesthetic - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Nonflammable
2. Easily Vaporized at ambient temperature
3. Potent
4. Low blood solubility to assure rapid induction and recovery from anesthesia
5. Minimal metabolism
6. Compatible with epinephrine
7. Skeletal muscle relaxation
8. Suppresses excessive sympathetic nervous system activity
9. Not irritating to airways
10. Bronchodilation
11. Absence of excessive myocardial depression
12. Absence of cerebral vasodilation
13. Absence of hepatic and renal toxicity
What inhaled anesthetic does not meet the ideal of being easily vaporized at ambient
temperature? - CORRECT ANSWER - Desflurane.
At ambient temp it evaporates quickly.
Which inhaled anesthetic is metabolized the most? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halothane
Which inhaled anesthetic is metabolized the least? - CORRECT ANSWER - Desflurane
,Also has the least negative effects on liver and kidneys
Which inhaled anesthetic has the most potential for arrhythmias? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Halothane
What 2 inhaled anesthetics are not irritating to the airways? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Sevoflurane and halothane
Compound A is related to what inhaled anesthetic? What organ does it affect the most? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Sevoflurane
Causes nephrotoxicity
Name the problems with ether we discussed in class? - CORRECT ANSWER - Flammability,
prolonged induction, delayed emergence and high incidence of PONV
What does BAR stand for in MACbar? - CORRECT ANSWER - Block autonomic/adrenergic
response
Is Halothane an ether? - CORRECT ANSWER - No. It is an Alkane
Advantages of Halothane compared to Ether - CORRECT ANSWER - Nonflammable
Less pungent (less side effects)
Less soluble
Decreased toxicity
Disadvantages of Halothane - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased CO
Increased arrhythmias
, Hepatotoxicity
What are the effects of increased fluorination? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nonflammable
Decreased solubility - MAIN ADVANTAGE
Decreased potency - increased MAC
Less toxic due to resistance to degradation
Decreased percentage metabolized
Vapor pressure is dependent on? What unit is vapor pressure measured in? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Temperature!
mmHg
What is the preservative in Sevoflurane? - CORRECT ANSWER - Just water!
1.3 MAC = ED? - CORRECT ANSWER - ED95!
What is MAC? - CORRECT ANSWER - Minimum alveolar concentration (partial pressure)
of an inhaled agent at 1 atmosphere that prevents skeletal muscle movement in response to a
noxious stimulus in 50% of patients.
ED50
Potency
How much greater of a concentration than MAC produces immobility in 90-95% of patients? -
CORRECT ANSWER - 10-30%
The more potent the ________ the MAC - CORRECT ANSWER - The MORE potent the
LOWER the MAC
