Pharm 3.1: Inhaled Anesthetics UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Currently Approved Inhalation agents for Anesthesia? (4, specify gas or liquid) - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1. Nitrous Oxide (N2O) -- GAS
Liquids:
2. Isoflurane
3. Desfulrane
4. Sevoflurane
Why are Inhalational and Intravenous anesthetics preferred to Oral, or maybe a nice blow to the
head? - CORRECT ANSWER - Inhalation and IV dosing can offer more immediate control
over dose and hence, the duration/depth of unconciousness produced.
Since General Anesthetics can lead to depressed spontaneous ventilation, it is important to
maintain ____________ and ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER - Patent airway
Positive pressure ventilation
The first to perform 1st successful operation conducted using _____ as anesthesia was
_________, in 1842. - CORRECT ANSWER - Ether
Crawford Long
Define MAC.
, The (HIGHER/LOWER) the MAC, the more potent the anesthetic. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Minimum Alveolar Concentration. The concentration in the inspired gas required to render half
of a group of patients unconscious. Measure of potency of an inhalation anesthetic.
Lower MAC --> More potent
State the Meyer-Overton Hypothesis. - CORRECT ANSWER - Anesthetic Activity of a drug
is directly linked to lipid solubility.
While the mechanisms behind Inhaled Anesthetics is complicated, list 3 mechanisms we know. -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Reinforce GABA and Glycine inhibitory actions
2. Inhibit stimualtory actions of Glutamate
3. Stabilization of membrane potential via 2-pore K+ channels
List the 4 stages of Anesthesia, and some symptoms of each stage. - CORRECT ANSWER -
1. Analgesia (Amnesia, Euphoria)
2. Excitement (Delirium, Combative Behavior)
3. Surgical Anesthesia (Decreased eye movements, regular breathing, unconscious)
4. Medullary Depression (Respiratory arrest, Cardiac depression/arrest, No eye movements)
One should not be surprised that anesthesia produces a loss of __________ and __________
before the production of analgesia. - CORRECT ANSWER - Loss of memory and perceptive
awareness
The Volatile inhalation agents usually have a simple structure, containing a __________. What is
the purpose of this addition? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halogen.
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Currently Approved Inhalation agents for Anesthesia? (4, specify gas or liquid) - CORRECT
ANSWER - 1. Nitrous Oxide (N2O) -- GAS
Liquids:
2. Isoflurane
3. Desfulrane
4. Sevoflurane
Why are Inhalational and Intravenous anesthetics preferred to Oral, or maybe a nice blow to the
head? - CORRECT ANSWER - Inhalation and IV dosing can offer more immediate control
over dose and hence, the duration/depth of unconciousness produced.
Since General Anesthetics can lead to depressed spontaneous ventilation, it is important to
maintain ____________ and ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER - Patent airway
Positive pressure ventilation
The first to perform 1st successful operation conducted using _____ as anesthesia was
_________, in 1842. - CORRECT ANSWER - Ether
Crawford Long
Define MAC.
, The (HIGHER/LOWER) the MAC, the more potent the anesthetic. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Minimum Alveolar Concentration. The concentration in the inspired gas required to render half
of a group of patients unconscious. Measure of potency of an inhalation anesthetic.
Lower MAC --> More potent
State the Meyer-Overton Hypothesis. - CORRECT ANSWER - Anesthetic Activity of a drug
is directly linked to lipid solubility.
While the mechanisms behind Inhaled Anesthetics is complicated, list 3 mechanisms we know. -
CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Reinforce GABA and Glycine inhibitory actions
2. Inhibit stimualtory actions of Glutamate
3. Stabilization of membrane potential via 2-pore K+ channels
List the 4 stages of Anesthesia, and some symptoms of each stage. - CORRECT ANSWER -
1. Analgesia (Amnesia, Euphoria)
2. Excitement (Delirium, Combative Behavior)
3. Surgical Anesthesia (Decreased eye movements, regular breathing, unconscious)
4. Medullary Depression (Respiratory arrest, Cardiac depression/arrest, No eye movements)
One should not be surprised that anesthesia produces a loss of __________ and __________
before the production of analgesia. - CORRECT ANSWER - Loss of memory and perceptive
awareness
The Volatile inhalation agents usually have a simple structure, containing a __________. What is
the purpose of this addition? - CORRECT ANSWER - Halogen.
