D115 Master Set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse Latest Exam 2024 -2025 Test Bank/ Actual Exam Questions with
Correct Verified Answers/ Graded A+
1. Which type of ge- Sex-Linked recessive. Since males only have one X
netic disease af- and one Y, if the affected chromosome has the illness,
fects males more it will be expressed.
frequently than fe-
males?
2. In which two con- Intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage. Chromo-
ditions are chromo- some abnormalities are the leading known cause of
somal abnormalities intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage.
the leading known
cause?
3. What are three ex- Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis, and
amples of prenatal preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples
diagnostic studies? of prenatal diagnostic studies and are performed in
vitro. CVS is a form of genetic testing that provides
genetic information found in utero and is usually per-
formed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An
amniocentesis is a form of genetic testing that eval-
uates amniotic fluid and is usually performed during
the second trimester, between weeks 15 and 20 of
pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
4. Which genetic disor- Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry of the cat")
der is characterized is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the
by the presence of cry often heard from a baby affected by the syndrome.
a zygote having one Cri du chat syndrome can present as a microcephalic,
chromosome with a low birth-weight baby with a piercing cry.
normal complement
of genes and one
chromosome with a
missing gene?
5. How can an X-linked The disease can be transmitted through female carri-
recessive disease ers.
skip generations?
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome,
the mother may provide an unaffected X to a daughter
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
or son. Furthermore, a daughter may not show signs
of the disease because she has the other X (the only
X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
6. Which type of risk Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an actual
is referred to as the occurrence of disease.
ratio of the disease
rate among the en-
tire population to the
disease rate in an
unexposed popula-
tion?
7. What are the em- Many factors from lifestyle to genetics affect multifac-
pirical risks for torial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each
most multifactorial case individually provides the most thorough and ac-
diseases based on? curate assessment.
8. What refers to the The imprinted gene is the silent gene of a gene pair.
silenced gene of a
gene pair.
9. What is the prima- The underlying chronic illness exists.
ry reason that some A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic
older adults have im- illness depletes the body's reserves to fight against
paired inflammation illness.
and wound healing?
10. Which cells are the Eosinophils are the body's primary defense against
body's primary de- parasites.
fense against para-
site invasion?
11. What Phagocytes Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing bac-
bacteria? teria.
12. What is the first re- Helper T cells
sponse to a foreign
pathogen?
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
13. Which characteris- Immunogenicity is primarily based on the ability to
tic is the most recognize something foreign.
important determi-
nant of immuno-
genicity when con-
sidering the anti-
gen?
14. How are ery- The complement pathway is activated in response to
throcytes destroyed blood incompatibility.
when mismatched
blood is adminis-
tered, causing an
ABO incompatibili-
ty?
15. What is the hyper- An immediate (type I) hypersensitivity reaction caus-
sensitivity reaction es atopic dermatitis.
that causes atopic
dermatitis?
16. Which four infec- Infection with a fungus is called mycosis and includes
tions are considered dermatophytes (e.g., tineas, which refers to several
fungal infections? skin mycoses, including ringworm and athlete's foot)
and yeasts, which include candida and aspergillus.
17. When is the earliest Lab testing can detect HIV RNA 4 to 10 days after sex-
after sexual trans- ual transmission, whereas HIV antibody testing may
mission of HIV that take 23 to 90 days to result in a positive test. Repeat
lab results can de- testing may be needed to rule out a false negative test
tect infection? due to testing too soon after exposure, especially if a
high likelihood of exposure is suspected.
18. What is a character- Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.
istic of exotoxins?
19. Which dietary The results of decreased fat consumption have been
lifestyle choice has widely studied and have demonstrated a decreased
been associated risk of developing colon cancer.
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
with a decreased
risk for developing
colon cancer?
20. Which cancer is Asbestos exposure results in an increased risk of lung
an individual who and lung lining cancer.
has worked with as-
bestos for over 40
years most likely to
develop?
21. Which statement is UV light causes basal cell carcinoma and squamous
true regarding ultra- cell carcinoma when the UVB rays hit DNA strands,
violet (UV) light? causing thymine base pairs that are side by side
The degree of dam- to pair together, becoming thymine dimers. These
age is not affected thymine dimers lead to cell death or cancer.
by the light's wave-
length.
22. Which cancer does Exercise-induced myokines cause apoptosis of colon
exercise have a con- cancer cells.
vincing impact on re-
ducing?
23. Low healthcare lit- TRUE
eracy is recognized By providing patient education at the appropriate lit-
as a major risk fac- eracy level, improved health outcomes may result.
tor in blood pres-
sure control and has
been shown to have
adverse effects on
health outcomes.
true or false
24. One of the goals True
of the National Ac- Ensuring the individual can understand all elements
tion Plan to Im- of a treatment plan is crucial for understanding and
prove Health Liter- compliance.
acy is to incorpo-
Nurse Latest Exam 2024 -2025 Test Bank/ Actual Exam Questions with
Correct Verified Answers/ Graded A+
1. Which type of ge- Sex-Linked recessive. Since males only have one X
netic disease af- and one Y, if the affected chromosome has the illness,
fects males more it will be expressed.
frequently than fe-
males?
2. In which two con- Intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage. Chromo-
ditions are chromo- some abnormalities are the leading known cause of
somal abnormalities intellectual disability and fetal miscarriage.
the leading known
cause?
3. What are three ex- Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis, and
amples of prenatal preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples
diagnostic studies? of prenatal diagnostic studies and are performed in
vitro. CVS is a form of genetic testing that provides
genetic information found in utero and is usually per-
formed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An
amniocentesis is a form of genetic testing that eval-
uates amniotic fluid and is usually performed during
the second trimester, between weeks 15 and 20 of
pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
4. Which genetic disor- Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry of the cat")
der is characterized is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the
by the presence of cry often heard from a baby affected by the syndrome.
a zygote having one Cri du chat syndrome can present as a microcephalic,
chromosome with a low birth-weight baby with a piercing cry.
normal complement
of genes and one
chromosome with a
missing gene?
5. How can an X-linked The disease can be transmitted through female carri-
recessive disease ers.
skip generations?
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome,
the mother may provide an unaffected X to a daughter
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
or son. Furthermore, a daughter may not show signs
of the disease because she has the other X (the only
X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
6. Which type of risk Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an actual
is referred to as the occurrence of disease.
ratio of the disease
rate among the en-
tire population to the
disease rate in an
unexposed popula-
tion?
7. What are the em- Many factors from lifestyle to genetics affect multifac-
pirical risks for torial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each
most multifactorial case individually provides the most thorough and ac-
diseases based on? curate assessment.
8. What refers to the The imprinted gene is the silent gene of a gene pair.
silenced gene of a
gene pair.
9. What is the prima- The underlying chronic illness exists.
ry reason that some A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic
older adults have im- illness depletes the body's reserves to fight against
paired inflammation illness.
and wound healing?
10. Which cells are the Eosinophils are the body's primary defense against
body's primary de- parasites.
fense against para-
site invasion?
11. What Phagocytes Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing bac-
bacteria? teria.
12. What is the first re- Helper T cells
sponse to a foreign
pathogen?
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
13. Which characteris- Immunogenicity is primarily based on the ability to
tic is the most recognize something foreign.
important determi-
nant of immuno-
genicity when con-
sidering the anti-
gen?
14. How are ery- The complement pathway is activated in response to
throcytes destroyed blood incompatibility.
when mismatched
blood is adminis-
tered, causing an
ABO incompatibili-
ty?
15. What is the hyper- An immediate (type I) hypersensitivity reaction caus-
sensitivity reaction es atopic dermatitis.
that causes atopic
dermatitis?
16. Which four infec- Infection with a fungus is called mycosis and includes
tions are considered dermatophytes (e.g., tineas, which refers to several
fungal infections? skin mycoses, including ringworm and athlete's foot)
and yeasts, which include candida and aspergillus.
17. When is the earliest Lab testing can detect HIV RNA 4 to 10 days after sex-
after sexual trans- ual transmission, whereas HIV antibody testing may
mission of HIV that take 23 to 90 days to result in a positive test. Repeat
lab results can de- testing may be needed to rule out a false negative test
tect infection? due to testing too soon after exposure, especially if a
high likelihood of exposure is suspected.
18. What is a character- Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.
istic of exotoxins?
19. Which dietary The results of decreased fat consumption have been
lifestyle choice has widely studied and have demonstrated a decreased
been associated risk of developing colon cancer.
, D115 master set-Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice
Nurse
with a decreased
risk for developing
colon cancer?
20. Which cancer is Asbestos exposure results in an increased risk of lung
an individual who and lung lining cancer.
has worked with as-
bestos for over 40
years most likely to
develop?
21. Which statement is UV light causes basal cell carcinoma and squamous
true regarding ultra- cell carcinoma when the UVB rays hit DNA strands,
violet (UV) light? causing thymine base pairs that are side by side
The degree of dam- to pair together, becoming thymine dimers. These
age is not affected thymine dimers lead to cell death or cancer.
by the light's wave-
length.
22. Which cancer does Exercise-induced myokines cause apoptosis of colon
exercise have a con- cancer cells.
vincing impact on re-
ducing?
23. Low healthcare lit- TRUE
eracy is recognized By providing patient education at the appropriate lit-
as a major risk fac- eracy level, improved health outcomes may result.
tor in blood pres-
sure control and has
been shown to have
adverse effects on
health outcomes.
true or false
24. One of the goals True
of the National Ac- Ensuring the individual can understand all elements
tion Plan to Im- of a treatment plan is crucial for understanding and
prove Health Liter- compliance.
acy is to incorpo-
