NU 150 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hyperthyroidism - Answer-High levels of T3 and T4
* unexplained weight loss, hot all the time
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism - Answer-*surgical removal
*Radiation Therapy
*AntiThyroid Drugs
-Methimazole
-PTU
-Potassium Iodide
Treatment of Hypothyroidism - Answer-Synthroid-synthetic thyroid hormone
Nasal Glucocorticoids - Answer-First line of treatment for patients exhibiting symptoms
of allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, and chronic sinusitis
Intranasal Steroid - Answer-Exert anti-inflammatory effect on several different cells
including:
*MAST cells
*WBC's
*Reduction of Histamine as well
* Have minimal systemic effects
Adverse reactions of Intranasal Steroids - Answer-*unpleasant smell or taste
*Epistaxis from mucosal drying
fungal infections (Candida Albicans)
Histamine - Answer-Produced in response to allergic reactions and tissue injuries
causes systemic and local inflammation
Antihistamines - Answer-blocks most but not all the effects of histamine
*Compete for Histamine at the receptor site
*Prevents histamine from entering receptor sites
First Generation antihistamines - Answer-Ex. Benadryl
*More sedative effects
*Non-selective binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors
Second generation antihistamines - Answer-Less sedating antihistamine
selective for peripheral receptors
Uses of Antihistamines - Answer-*Relief of allergic symptoms
, *Relief of seasonal allergies
*Relief of urticaria
*allergic reactions
*tx of parkinson like symptoms
*motion sickness
*Sedation
Adverse reactions of antihistamines - Answer-*drowsiness
*dry mouth
Contraindications of antihistamines - Answer-*hypersensitivity
*infants
*pregnancy
*MAOI's
*enlarged prostate
Drug interactions with antihistamines - Answer-*CNS depressants
*MAOI's
*Beta Blockers
*Antacids
Decongestants - Answer-reduces swelling in the nasal passages
sympathomimetic - Answer-produce localized vasoconstriction in nasal membranes
*reduces swelling and congestion
*often used in conjunction with INS
Neo-Synephrine (Phenylephrine)
Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
*used for relief of symptoms with hay fever, sinusitis and congestion
Adverse effects of decongestants - Answer-Insomnia
tachycardia
Contraindication of decongestants - Answer-Children under 12 years of age
Antitussive Drugs - Answer-*used to relieve coughing
*depress the cough center in the medulla and are centrally acting
-Tessalon-works peripherally by anesthetizing receptors on the receptors in the
respiratory tract
Expectorants - Answer-*Thin mucous to make it easier to remove from the respiratory
tract
*Increase production of respiratory secretions
*Guaifenesin is a common expectorant
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hyperthyroidism - Answer-High levels of T3 and T4
* unexplained weight loss, hot all the time
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism - Answer-*surgical removal
*Radiation Therapy
*AntiThyroid Drugs
-Methimazole
-PTU
-Potassium Iodide
Treatment of Hypothyroidism - Answer-Synthroid-synthetic thyroid hormone
Nasal Glucocorticoids - Answer-First line of treatment for patients exhibiting symptoms
of allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, and chronic sinusitis
Intranasal Steroid - Answer-Exert anti-inflammatory effect on several different cells
including:
*MAST cells
*WBC's
*Reduction of Histamine as well
* Have minimal systemic effects
Adverse reactions of Intranasal Steroids - Answer-*unpleasant smell or taste
*Epistaxis from mucosal drying
fungal infections (Candida Albicans)
Histamine - Answer-Produced in response to allergic reactions and tissue injuries
causes systemic and local inflammation
Antihistamines - Answer-blocks most but not all the effects of histamine
*Compete for Histamine at the receptor site
*Prevents histamine from entering receptor sites
First Generation antihistamines - Answer-Ex. Benadryl
*More sedative effects
*Non-selective binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors
Second generation antihistamines - Answer-Less sedating antihistamine
selective for peripheral receptors
Uses of Antihistamines - Answer-*Relief of allergic symptoms
, *Relief of seasonal allergies
*Relief of urticaria
*allergic reactions
*tx of parkinson like symptoms
*motion sickness
*Sedation
Adverse reactions of antihistamines - Answer-*drowsiness
*dry mouth
Contraindications of antihistamines - Answer-*hypersensitivity
*infants
*pregnancy
*MAOI's
*enlarged prostate
Drug interactions with antihistamines - Answer-*CNS depressants
*MAOI's
*Beta Blockers
*Antacids
Decongestants - Answer-reduces swelling in the nasal passages
sympathomimetic - Answer-produce localized vasoconstriction in nasal membranes
*reduces swelling and congestion
*often used in conjunction with INS
Neo-Synephrine (Phenylephrine)
Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
*used for relief of symptoms with hay fever, sinusitis and congestion
Adverse effects of decongestants - Answer-Insomnia
tachycardia
Contraindication of decongestants - Answer-Children under 12 years of age
Antitussive Drugs - Answer-*used to relieve coughing
*depress the cough center in the medulla and are centrally acting
-Tessalon-works peripherally by anesthetizing receptors on the receptors in the
respiratory tract
Expectorants - Answer-*Thin mucous to make it easier to remove from the respiratory
tract
*Increase production of respiratory secretions
*Guaifenesin is a common expectorant
