Introductory Chemistry 8th Edition by Steven S. Zumdahl - Test Bank

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Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
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1. Define the following terms:
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a. science
b. chemistry
ANSWER: a. Science - ri ri


a framework for gaining and organizing knowledge. It is a procedure for processing and understandin
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g certain information. ri ri


b. Chemistry - the science that deals with the matter of the universe and the changes it can undergo.
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2. Define the following terms:
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a. scientific method ri


b. natural law ri


c. hypothesis
d. theory
ANSWER: a. Scientific method - the process or steps of scientific inquiry.
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b. Natural law - a statement describing observed beha or. ri ri ri ri ri ri ri ri


c. Hypothesis - a possible explanation for an observation. ri ri ri ri ri ri ri


d. Theory - ri


a set of testsed hypotheses that gives an explanation for some beha or or observation (also called a
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model).

3. Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
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a. Make an observation. ri ri


b. Formulate a hypothesis. ri ri



c. Perform an experiment. ri ri


d. Change results to agree with your hypothesis.
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e. Develop a theory (or model). ri ri ri ri



ANSWER: d

4. A ri is a summary of observed beha or, and a
ri ri ri ri ri ri ri ri ri is an explanation of beha or.
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a. law, measurement ri


b. theory, scientific method ri ri


c. theory, law ri



d. law, theory ri


e. hypothesis, theory ri



ANSWER: d

5. Generally, observed beha or that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes mathematical in nature, is call
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ed a(n)
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a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ri


e. experiment
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,Name Clas Dat
ri
: s: e:

Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
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ANSWER: d




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, Name Clas Dat
ri
: s: e:

Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
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6. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those materials” is called a(
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n)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ri



e. experiment
ANSWER: d

7. A set of tested hypotheses than gives an overall explanation of some part of nature, is called a(n)
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a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ri


e. experiment
ANSWER: c

8. Something done to test a hypothesis that produces new observations is called a(n)
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a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ri


e. experiment
ANSWER: e

9. A quantitative observation
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a. contains a number and a unit ri ri ri ri ri


b. does not contain a number
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c. always makes a comparison ri ri ri



d. must be obtained through experimentation
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e. is none of these
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ANSWER: a

10. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
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a. The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
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b. Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2. ri ri ri ri ri ri ri



c. The liquid in beaker A is blue. ri ri ri ri ri ri


d. The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
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e. At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
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ANSWER: d

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