Introductory Chemistry 8th Edition by Steven S. Zumdahl - Test Bank

,Name Clas Dat
ji
: s: e:

Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
ji ji ji ji ji




1. Define the following terms:
ji ji ji


a. science
b. chemistry
ANSWER: a. Science - ji ji


a framework for gaining and organizing knowledge. It is a procedure for processing and understanding
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


certain information. ji ji


b. Chemistry - the science that deals with the matter of the universe and the changes it can undergo.
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji




2. Define the following terms:
ji ji ji


a. scientific method ji


b. natural law ji


c. hypothesis
d. theory
ANSWER: a. Scientific method - the process or steps of scientific inquiry.
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


b. Natural law - a statement describing observed behavior. ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


c. Hypothesis - a possible explanation for an observation. ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


d. Theory - ji


a set of testsed hypotheses that gives an explanation for some behavior or observation (also called a
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


model).

3. Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


a. Make an observation. ji ji


b. Formulate a hypothesis. ji ji



c. Perform an experiment. ji ji


d. Change results to agree with your hypothesis.
ji ji ji ji ji ji


e. Develop a theory (or model). ji ji ji ji



ANSWER: d

4. A ji is a summary of observed behavior, and a
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji is an explanation of behavior.
ji ji ji ji


a. law, measurement ji


b. theory, scientific method ji ji


c. theory, law ji



d. law, theory ji


e. hypothesis, theory ji



ANSWER: d

5. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes mathematical in nature, is cal
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


led a(n)
ji


a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ji


e. experiment
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,Name Clas Dat
ji
: s: e:

Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
ji ji ji ji ji


ANSWER: d




CopyrightjiCengagejiLearning.jiPoweredjibyjiCognero. Pageji2

, Name Clas Dat
ji
: s: e:

Chapter 01 - Chemistry: An Introduction
ji ji ji ji ji




6. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those materials” is called a(n
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


)
a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ji



e. experiment
ANSWER: d

7. A set of tested hypotheses than gives an overall explanation of some part of nature, is called a(n)
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ji


e. experiment
ANSWER: c

8. Something done to test a hypothesis that produces new observations is called a(n)
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


a. observation
b. measurement
c. theory
d. natural law ji


e. experiment
ANSWER: e

9. A quantitative observation
ji ji


a. contains a number and a unit ji ji ji ji ji


b. does not contain a number
ji ji ji ji


c. always makes a comparison ji ji ji



d. must be obtained through experimentation
ji ji ji ji


e. is none of these
ji ji ji



ANSWER: a

10. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


a. The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji


b. Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2. ji ji ji ji ji ji ji



c. The liquid in beaker A is blue. ji ji ji ji ji ji


d. The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
ji ji ji ji ji ji


e. At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji ji



ANSWER: d

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