Medsurg Respiratory Exam With Questions Perfectly Solved 2024

MEDSURG RESPIRATORY EXAM WITH QUESTIONS PERFECTLY SOLVED 2024 lung compliance -Answer-the ability of the lungs to distend in response to changes in volume and pressure of inhaled air. Lung compliance first increases and then decreases with age as the lungs become stiffer and the chest wall more rigid perfusion -Answer-the delivery of fluid through the blood vessels to body tissues pulmonary hygiene -Answer-methods used to clear secretions from the airways resistance -Answer-the force working against the passage of air. The major determinant is the radius of the airway respiratory failure -Answer-an abnormality of gas exchange with either an excess of carbon dioxide or a deficit of oxygen, or both shunting -Answer-intrapulmonary shunting is the diverting of blood so that it does not take part in the gas exchange at the alveolar sites. When intrapulmonary shunting occurs, blood enters the left side of the heart without being oxygenated. It is therefore a possible cause of hypoxemia surfactant -Answer-a complex lipoprotein produced by cells lining the alveoli, which lowers surface tension within the alveoli. It prevents collapse of the lung by stabilizing the alveoli and decreasing capillary pressures ventilation -Answer-the movement of air from the external environment to the gas exchange units of the lung and back to the environment. It can be spontaneous or done by a mechanical ventilator. Clinically measured by CO2 asthma, COPD, bronchiectasis, obstructive sleep apnea, emphysema -Answer-OBSTRUCTIVE airway diseases chronic bronchitis OBSTRUCTIVE AND RESTRICTIVE pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis -Answer-RESTRICTIVE lung tissue diseases sarcoidosis RESTRICTIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE cystic fibrosis, ARDS -Answer-OBSTRUCTIVE lung tissue diseases Neurologic disorders (ALS, MD, MS), body habitus conditions (scoliosis, obesity, arthritis), pleural effusion, ascites -Answer-RESTRICTIVE extrapulmonary causes pulmonary hypertension -Answer-constriction or obstruction of blood flow in the lungs pulmonary embolus -Answer-obstruction of blood flow in the lungs five A's -Answer-ASK about tobacco use ADVISE quitting ASSESS readiness to quit ASSIST creating a cessation plan ARRANGE follow-up five rights -Answer-RELEVANCE RISKS REWARDS ROADBLOCKS REPEAT restrictive diseases -Answer-characterized by decreased lung capacity or compliance obstructive pulmonary diseases -Answer-characterized by problems moving air into and out of the lungs forced vital capacity (FVC) -Answer-maximum amount of air forcefully inspired or exhaled vital capacity (VC) -Answer-volume of gas measured from a slow, complete expiration without force after a maximal inspiration total lung capacity (TLC) -Answer-the volume of gas the lung can hold at the end of a maximal inspiration total volume (TV) -Answer-the volume of gas either inspired of exhaled during each normal breath functional residual capacity (FRC) -Answer-the volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a quiet breath residual volume (RV) -Answer-the volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) -Answer-maximum amount of additional air that can be inspired at the end of a normal inspiration expiratory reserve volume (ERV) -Answer-the maximum amount of additional air that can be exhaled at the end of normal expiration maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)/ negative inspiratory force (NIF) -Answer-pressure generated by inhaling as strongly as possible against a completely occluded mouthpiece peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) -Answer-flow rate of exhalation is measured during forceful expiration starting with full lung inflation normal peak flow values for adults are based on -Answer-age, gender, height, and underlying lung disorder range from 300-700 L/min chronic bronchitis, emphysema -Answer-Thick, tenacious, and "ropey"; difficult to cough up pneumococcal pneumonia -Answer-scant, sticky, rust colored pulmonary edema -Answer-frothy, pinkish, or blood-tinged pulmonary infection -Answer-yellow to yellow green or grayish yellow with foul odor or taste TB, ulcerated pulmonary vessel, or bronchogenic carcinoma -Answer-blood-tinged, bloody, or blood streaked pneumonia or bronchitis -Answer-large amount asthma -Answer-scanty inadequate hydration -Answer-very thick and viscous bronchiectasis -Answer-large amounts, foamy, purulent, foul odor a clue to obstructive disorders -Answer-breathing through pursed lips