Cog EXAM 1 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
analytic introspection - ✔✔participants trained to describe experiences and thought
processes in response to stimuli. it required extensive training because the subjects goal
was to describe their experience in terms of elementary mental elements. ex: wundt
asked for them to describe a chord on piano they hear. he wanted them to be able to
distinguish that there were 5 notes
artificial intelligence - ✔✔--"making a machine behave in ways that would be called
intelligent if a human were so behaving" (McCarty et al., 1955)
--Newell and Simon created the Logic Theorist program that could apply rudimentary
logic to creating mathematical theorems. aka this program, although primitive
compared to modern AI programs, was a real "thinking machine" because it did more
than simply process numbers--it used humanlike reasoning
behaviorism - ✔✔--Eliminate the mind as topic of study
--Instead, study directly observable behavior
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,--its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. he said that Analytic
introspection was unobservable and no quantifiable. you can't observe thinking,
emotions, and reasoning
choice reaction time - ✔✔--mental responses cannot be measured directly but can be
inferred from the participant's behavior
task:participant pushes one button if light is on right side, another if light is on the left
side.
--he was measuring the relationship between presentation of the stimulus and the
subjects response. he did not measure mental response directly.
cognition - ✔✔Cognition refers to the mental processes, such as perception, attention,
and memory.
involves: perception, paying attention, remembering, distinguishing items in a category,
visualizing, understanding and production of language, problem solving reasoning and
decision-making. (which we are not aware of the process)
cognitive psychology - ✔✔The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study
of the mind. Cognition refers to the mental processes, such as perception, attention, and
memory, that are what the mind does. the mind creates and controls mental functions
such as perception, attention, memory, emotions, language, deciding, thinking, and
reasoning.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, cognitive revolution - ✔✔--Shift from behaviorist's stimulus-response relationships to
an approach that attempts to explain behavior in terms of the mind
--Information-processing approach
--A way to study the mind created from insights associated with the digital computer.
--compare computer processing to the human mind. the computer is a model the help
us understand how our mind works
information-processing - ✔✔--How much information can the mind absorb?
--Attend to just some of the incoming information?
--Traces sequences of mental operations involved in cognition
--Operation of mind occurs in number of stages
--Basically understanding the mind through an information processing approach
(computers).
one characteristics of computers was that they processed info in stages. information is
first received by an "input processor". then stored in a "memory unit" before it is
processed by an "arithmetic unit", when then creates the computers output. They used
this approach
Simon and Newall - ✔✔--Newell and Simon created the Logic Theorist program that
could apply rudimentary logic to creating mathematical theorems.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Answers 100% Pass
analytic introspection - ✔✔participants trained to describe experiences and thought
processes in response to stimuli. it required extensive training because the subjects goal
was to describe their experience in terms of elementary mental elements. ex: wundt
asked for them to describe a chord on piano they hear. he wanted them to be able to
distinguish that there were 5 notes
artificial intelligence - ✔✔--"making a machine behave in ways that would be called
intelligent if a human were so behaving" (McCarty et al., 1955)
--Newell and Simon created the Logic Theorist program that could apply rudimentary
logic to creating mathematical theorems. aka this program, although primitive
compared to modern AI programs, was a real "thinking machine" because it did more
than simply process numbers--it used humanlike reasoning
behaviorism - ✔✔--Eliminate the mind as topic of study
--Instead, study directly observable behavior
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,--its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. he said that Analytic
introspection was unobservable and no quantifiable. you can't observe thinking,
emotions, and reasoning
choice reaction time - ✔✔--mental responses cannot be measured directly but can be
inferred from the participant's behavior
task:participant pushes one button if light is on right side, another if light is on the left
side.
--he was measuring the relationship between presentation of the stimulus and the
subjects response. he did not measure mental response directly.
cognition - ✔✔Cognition refers to the mental processes, such as perception, attention,
and memory.
involves: perception, paying attention, remembering, distinguishing items in a category,
visualizing, understanding and production of language, problem solving reasoning and
decision-making. (which we are not aware of the process)
cognitive psychology - ✔✔The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study
of the mind. Cognition refers to the mental processes, such as perception, attention, and
memory, that are what the mind does. the mind creates and controls mental functions
such as perception, attention, memory, emotions, language, deciding, thinking, and
reasoning.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, cognitive revolution - ✔✔--Shift from behaviorist's stimulus-response relationships to
an approach that attempts to explain behavior in terms of the mind
--Information-processing approach
--A way to study the mind created from insights associated with the digital computer.
--compare computer processing to the human mind. the computer is a model the help
us understand how our mind works
information-processing - ✔✔--How much information can the mind absorb?
--Attend to just some of the incoming information?
--Traces sequences of mental operations involved in cognition
--Operation of mind occurs in number of stages
--Basically understanding the mind through an information processing approach
(computers).
one characteristics of computers was that they processed info in stages. information is
first received by an "input processor". then stored in a "memory unit" before it is
processed by an "arithmetic unit", when then creates the computers output. They used
this approach
Simon and Newall - ✔✔--Newell and Simon created the Logic Theorist program that
could apply rudimentary logic to creating mathematical theorems.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
