KINE 433 Exam 2 questions with verified answers
Control of Ventilation Ans✓✓ -1. Central Command: feed forward mechanism
for rapid increases in ventilation
2. Exercise Pressor Reflex: feedback mechanism to fine tune ventilation
3. Chemoreceptors in arteries, brain, & lungs fine tune ventilation
(RA Adaptations to Training) Ventilation Ans✓✓ -Ventilation is lower at any
VO2 (reduces work of breathing)
What is the resting metabolic rate of breathing? Ans✓✓ -3.5 mL/min
(CV Adaptations of Training) Oxygen Consumption Ans✓✓ -1. VO2 at rest &
during submax is similar post training
2. Endurance training increases VO2 max
(CV Adaptations of Training) Cardiac Output Ans✓✓ -1. CO at rest & during
submax ex is similar post training
2. Training increases cardiac output max (increases VO2 max)
VO2 Max Equation Ans✓✓ -VO2 = CO x a-v O2 difference
Fick's equation for cardiac output Ans✓✓ -CO = HR x SV
(CV Adaptations of Training) Heart Rate Ans✓✓ -1. Heart Rate at rest & during
submax ex is lower post training (training bradycardia)
2. Heart Rate max is similar (doesn't increase COmax)
, (CV Adaptations of Training) Stroke Volume Ans✓✓ -1. Stroke Volume at rest
& during submax ex is higher post training
2. Training increases stroke volume max (increases CO max)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptations to Training) Heart Rate Ans✓✓ -1.
Parasympathetic Nerve Activity is higher at rest post training
2. Maximal Sympathetic Nerve Activity is similar post training (HR max not
altered)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptations to Training) Stroke Volume Ans✓✓ -1.
Increased preload due to LV hypertrophy, increased blood volume, & lower heart
rate
2. Some evidence for increased LV contractility
(CV Adaptations to Training) Cardiac Remodeling Ans✓✓ -1. LV dilates &
walls thicken
2. LV dilation helps increase preload
(CV Adaptations to Training) Arterio-Venous O2 Difference Ans✓✓ -1. a-v O2
diff at rest & during submax ex is similar post training
2. training increases max a-v O2 difference (increase VO2 max)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptation to Training) a-v O2 difference Ans✓✓ -1.
Increase capillary density
2. increase mitochondrial density
3. increase activity of
Control of Ventilation Ans✓✓ -1. Central Command: feed forward mechanism
for rapid increases in ventilation
2. Exercise Pressor Reflex: feedback mechanism to fine tune ventilation
3. Chemoreceptors in arteries, brain, & lungs fine tune ventilation
(RA Adaptations to Training) Ventilation Ans✓✓ -Ventilation is lower at any
VO2 (reduces work of breathing)
What is the resting metabolic rate of breathing? Ans✓✓ -3.5 mL/min
(CV Adaptations of Training) Oxygen Consumption Ans✓✓ -1. VO2 at rest &
during submax is similar post training
2. Endurance training increases VO2 max
(CV Adaptations of Training) Cardiac Output Ans✓✓ -1. CO at rest & during
submax ex is similar post training
2. Training increases cardiac output max (increases VO2 max)
VO2 Max Equation Ans✓✓ -VO2 = CO x a-v O2 difference
Fick's equation for cardiac output Ans✓✓ -CO = HR x SV
(CV Adaptations of Training) Heart Rate Ans✓✓ -1. Heart Rate at rest & during
submax ex is lower post training (training bradycardia)
2. Heart Rate max is similar (doesn't increase COmax)
, (CV Adaptations of Training) Stroke Volume Ans✓✓ -1. Stroke Volume at rest
& during submax ex is higher post training
2. Training increases stroke volume max (increases CO max)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptations to Training) Heart Rate Ans✓✓ -1.
Parasympathetic Nerve Activity is higher at rest post training
2. Maximal Sympathetic Nerve Activity is similar post training (HR max not
altered)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptations to Training) Stroke Volume Ans✓✓ -1.
Increased preload due to LV hypertrophy, increased blood volume, & lower heart
rate
2. Some evidence for increased LV contractility
(CV Adaptations to Training) Cardiac Remodeling Ans✓✓ -1. LV dilates &
walls thicken
2. LV dilation helps increase preload
(CV Adaptations to Training) Arterio-Venous O2 Difference Ans✓✓ -1. a-v O2
diff at rest & during submax ex is similar post training
2. training increases max a-v O2 difference (increase VO2 max)
(Mechanisms for CV Adaptation to Training) a-v O2 difference Ans✓✓ -1.
Increase capillary density
2. increase mitochondrial density
3. increase activity of
